Antimicrobial susceptibility surveillance of bacterial isolates recovered in Japan from odontogenic infections in 2018.

Background: This study reports the findings of the second antimicrobial susceptibility surveillance study of isolates recovered from odontogenic infections in Japan.

Methods: A total of 164 odontogenic infections samples including periodontitis (group 1, n = 33), pericoronitis (group 2, n = 7), jaw inflammation (group 3, n = 83), and phlegmon in the jawbone area (group 4, n = 42) from 21 facilities were included in the study.

Results: Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed on 515 isolates, consisting of 120, 115, 173, 38, and 69 Streptococcus spp.

Correction: Frequency of hemorrhage after tooth extraction in patients treated with a direct oral anticoagulant: A multicenter cross-sectional study.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

GPRC5B (G protein-coupled receptor class C group 5 member B) suppresses glucose starvation-induced apoptosis in head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma.

G protein-coupled receptor class C group 5 member B (GPRC5B) is involved in extracellular glucose sensing, glucose metabolism, and insulin resistance. Many cancers require glucose at high concentrations to survive and grow. We have investigated the association between tumour GPRC5B expression and the prognosis for patients with cancer, including head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), using data from The Human Protein Atlas.

Protocol for a multicentre, prospective observational study of elective neck dissection for clinically node-negative oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (END-TC study).

Introduction: In early-stage oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC), elective neck dissection (END) is recommended when occult lymph node metastasis is suspected; however, there is no unanimous consensus on the risks and benefits of END in such cases. The management of clinically node-negative (cN0) OTSCC remains controversial. This study, therefore, aimed to evaluate the efficacy of END and its impact on the quality of life (QoL) of patients with cN0 OTSCC.

Frequency of hemorrhage after tooth extraction in patients treated with a direct oral anticoagulant: A multicenter cross-sectional study.

Objective: Few studies have compared the frequency of hemorrhages after tooth extraction between patients taking direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) and those taking warfarin or no anticoagulants. Further, the effects of the timing of DOAC administration and tooth extraction on the frequency of post-extraction hemorrhage have not been demonstrated. Therefore, we compared the frequency of post-extraction hemorrhages in patients in these different conditions and examined the effects of the timing of DOAC administration and tooth extraction on the frequency.

Predictors of early postoperative pneumonia after oncologic surgery with the patients receiving professional oral health care: A prospective, multicentre, cohort study.

This study was a prospective, multicentre, cohort study on 685 patients who had undergone oncologic surgery. The patients were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of postoperative pneumonia. The two groups were compared with respect to their background, index operation, food eaten, oral condition, contents of oral care and dental treatment, laboratory data, and bacterial flora.

Comparison of CD34 expression in fibrous reactive hyperplasia and healthy oral mucosa.

Objectives: Fibrous reactive hyperplasia (FRH) is a common fibrous lesion in the oral cavity. The disease characteristics of FRH, including the expression patterns of CD34, which is a well-known fibroblast marker, have not been investigated in detail. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the characteristics of FRH compared to those of the healthy mucosa, based on CD34 expression profiles.

C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 14 is a Unique Multifunctional Regulator of Tumor Progression.

Cancer is a leading cause of death and disease worldwide, with a tremendous financial impact. Thus, the development of cost-effective novel approaches for suppressing tumor growth and progression is essential. In an attempt to identify the mechanisms responsible for tumor suppression, we screened for molecules downregulated in a cancer progression model and found that the chemokine CXCL14, also called BRAK, was the most significantly downregulated.

The Candida species that are important for the development of atrophic glossitis in xerostomia patients.

Background: The purpose of this study was to clarify the species of Candida that are important for the development of atrophic glossitis in xerostomia patients.

Methods: A total of 231 patients with subjective dry mouth were enrolled in the present study. Logistic regression analysis was performed to clarify the contribution of each Candida species and other variables to the development of atrophic glossitis.

[Determination of the Effect of Aprepitant and Fosaprepitant for Nausea in Patients with Oral Cancer Receiving Combination Chemotherapy with TPF].

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of aprepitant(from days 1 to 3, po)and fosaprepitant(day 1, iv) for nausea in patients with oral cancer receiving combination chemotherapy with docetaxel, nedaplatin, or cisplatin(divided doses for 5 days), and 5-fluorouracil(TPF).The incidence rate of nausea in the aprepitant group was 60%(6/10), and that in the fosaprepitant group was 90%(9/10).The incidence rate of continuous nausea for more than 2 days was significantly lower in the aprepitant group than in the fosaprepitant group(40%[4/10]vs 90%[9/10], p=0.

[A new oral care gel to prevent aspiration during oral care].

Aim: Although oral care is important in the prevention of aspiration pneumonia, the different institutions and practitioners employ various oral care methods, some of which are associated with the risk of aspiration. We have developed a new gel with the physical properties needed for waterless oral care. In the present study, we evaluated and investigated the properties and effectiveness of this gel.

[Determination of the Appropriate Timing of Aprepitant Administration for Nausea in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer Receiving Combination Chemotherapy with Docetaxel, Nedaplatin（Divided Doses for 5 Days), and 5-fluorouracil].

The objective of this study was to determine the appropriate timing of aprepitant administration in patients with oral cancer by comparing the antiemetic effect of aprepitant administered on the first day (first-day group) and third day (third-day group) of combination chemotherapy with docetaxel, nedaplatin (divided doses for 5 days), and 5-fluorouracil. 1. In both groups, very few cases of vomiting were observed.

Evaluation of postextraction bleeding incidence to compare patients receiving and not receiving warfarin therapy: a cross-sectional, multicentre, observational study.

Objectives: We investigated incidence and risk factors for postextraction bleeding in patients receiving warfarin and those not receiving anticoagulation therapy.

Design: Cross-sectional, multicentre, observational study.

Setting: 26 hospitals where an oral surgeon is available.

Digestive symptoms as side effects of combination chemotherapy of docetaxel, nedaplatin and 5-fluorouracil for head and neck cancer.

Background: The study was performed to determine the frequency of digestive symptoms in combination therapy of docetaxel, nedaplatin and 5-fluorouracil for head and neck cancer.

Methods: Frequencies of digestive symptoms were retrospectively investigated in 91 patients. Data for 203 treatment courses were evaluated using the JCOG/JSCO National Cancer Institute-Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events(v 4.

Relationship between hyposalivation and acute respiratory infection in dental outpatients.

Background: Hyposalivation may affect respiratory disease because the mouth serves as the entrance to the respiratory apparatus, as well as to the digestive tract. Patients with acute respiratory infection generally have a favorable prognosis and a short natural course. However, in cases in which the host has lowered resistance, such as in elderly patients, the infection may develop into pneumonia.

[Phase I/II clinical trial of induction chemotherapy with nedaplatin (CDGP), docetaxel (DOC) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) for squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck].

In a phase I study, we determined the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and the recommended dose (RD) of nedaplatin (CDGP) in combination chemotherapy with Docetaxel (DOC) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) for treatment of carcinoma of the head and neck. Then, in a phase II study, we examined the efficacy and safety of the RD of chemotherapy. Fresh patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck were enrolled in the study.