Favorable Response Defined by CA19-9 Reduction After Neoadjuvant Treatment for Pancreatic Cancer.

Background: Neoadjuvant treatment (NAT) for pancreatic cancer has been shown to reduce mortality risk, with carbohydrate antigen (CA)19-9 response indicating survival outcomes. The purpose of this study is to clarify the degree of the CA19-9 response after neoadjuvant treatment (NAT) on prognosis.

Patients And Methods: In this retrospective, multicenter, observational study involving 1811 patients with pancreatic cancer scheduled for surgery, patients were stratified on the basis of pretreatment CA19-9 levels into elevated CA19-9 level and CA19-9 within the normal range groups.

The Statuses of Colonoscopy and Colorectal Cancer According to Big National Disasters Such as COVID-19 and Earthquake.

Objectives: Sudden decrease of colonoscopy (CS) numbers can be related to the status of colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aimed to evaluate the statuses of CS and CRC according to big national disasters such as the Great East Japan Earthquake in 2011 and the COVID-19 epidemic in 2020.

Methods: We retrospectively used the JMDC database of commercially anonymized health insurance claims data including 4,601,921 patients ≥ 50 years old from January 2010 to December 2022 (without health checkups of CS and esophagogastroduodenoscopy [EGD]).

A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of the Kampo formula daiobotanpito combined with antibiotic therapy for acute diverticulitis.

Daiobotanpito (DBT) is a Kampo formula traditionally used to treat abscesses in intestinal disorders. This double-blind, multicenter, randomized controlled trial was conducted at participating hospitals in Japan. Patients with CT-proven moderate acute diverticulitis received conventional therapy along with an oral DBT (treatment group) or placebo (control group) administered thrice a day for 10 days (Registration: jRCTs041180063).

The Increasing Trend of the Generational Helicobacter pylori-Naïve Prevalence Among Japanese Individuals Born Between 1925 and 2015: A Systematic Review and Meta-Regression Analysis.

Background: The World Health Organization has confirmed that Helicobacter pylori is a carcinogen associated with gastric cancer (GC). Although a recent increasing trend in the prevalence of the H. pylori-naïve status has been reported, the precise values of each generation have not yet been specified.

The first nationwide epidemiological survey of chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis in Japan.

Objectives: Chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis (CNO)/chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) is an autoinflammatory disorder characterised by aseptic inflammation of bone tissue. The number of patients and the clinical picture of CNO/CRMO in Japan is unknown; therefore, we conducted the first nationwide epidemiological survey.

Methods: In the primary survey, the number of patients diagnosed with CNO/CRMO between 2015 and 2019 in paediatrics, rheumatology, orthopaedic surgery and dermatology departments of various institutions was investigated.

Improvement in Quality of Life and Dysphagia After Palliative External Beam Radiotherapy for Malignant Esophageal Stenosis of Esophageal Cancer.

Purpose: This multi-institutional prospective cohort trial aimed to demonstrate the changes in physician-evaluated dysphagia and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) after palliative external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) in patients with incurable esophageal cancer presenting with dysphagia.

Materials And Methods: We evaluated the rates of freedom from physician-evaluated dysphagia progression and improvement along with longitudinal changes in PROs (European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer [EORTC] Quality of Life-Core 30 Questionnaire [QLQ-C30] and OES-18) after palliative EBRT. Multivariate analysis was used to identify the factors associated with freedom from physician-evaluated dysphagia progression at week 13.

Nationwide epidemiological and clinical survey of juvenile-onset morphea in Japan.

Juvenile-onset morphea can severely impact activities of daily living by causing functional disability. This study was performed to clarify the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of juvenile-onset morphea in Japan. We conducted a nationwide, two-part postal survey.

[A Case of Long-Term Survival Due to Two Pulmonary Resections for Lung Metastases following Pancreatic Cancer Surgery].

A man in his 60s presented with jaundice. He was diagnosed with BR pancreatic head cancer with SMV infiltration. He underwent subtotal stomach-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy(SSPPD)and SMV resection.

Comparison of Colon Adenoma Detection Rate Using Transparent Cap-Assisted and Conventional Colonoscopy: Result from an International Trial in Asia.

Introduction: Controversy remains regarding transparent cap-assisted technique improves adenoma detection rate (ADR) in colonoscopy. We aimed to investigate the effect of transparent cap-assisted colonoscopy (CAC) on ADR and other colonoscopy performance.

Methods: We performed subanalysis of an international, multicenter, open-label database containing colonoscopy data from 11 centers in 4 Asian countries/regions on patients who underwent colonoscopy.

Prevalence of gastric cancer following colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection for lesions more than 20 mm: A retrospective analysis.

Objectives: Colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for large tumors is spreading worldwide. Gastric cancer (GC) sometimes occurs after colorectal ESD. However, its status including frequency and risk factors have not been examined well.

Clinical profile of IgG4-related disease in Japan based on the rare disease data registry.

We started a registry for cases of immunoglobulin (Ig)G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) in December 2019 to clarify the clinical profile of IgG4-RD. In this study, clinical information from 854 cases registered by February 16, 2024 was analyzed from multiple perspectives. Diagnosis of IgG4-RD was made in 808 cases, comprising 638 definite, 38 probable, and 132 possible.

Genetic Testing of Japanese Patients with Serrated Polyposis Syndrome: A Multicentric Study.

Objectives: Serrated polyposis syndrome (SPS) is a rare condition associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer. However, the genetic basis of SPS in Japanese patients remains unclear. The present study therefore aimed to address this omission by identifying candidate causative genes of SPS in Japanese patients.

Lynch Syndrome Screening and Surveillance Trends among Gastroenterologists in Japan: A Questionnaire Survey-based Analysis.

Objective Screening and surveillance methodologies for Lynch syndrome (LS) in Japan. This study assessed the changes in LS knowledge and practice trends. Methods In 2020 and 2022, 2 questionnaire surveys were administered to 3,574 councilors of the Japanese Society of Gastroenterology to assess changes in LS-related knowledge and practices.

Trigger point injections for myofascial pain in terminal cancer: a randomized trial.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a single trigger point injection (TPI) of a local anesthetic for the treatment of myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) in patients with incurable cancer.

Methods: This multicenter, exploratory, open-label, randomized comparative trial was conducted in five specialized palliative care departments. Hospitalized patients with incurable cancer who had been experiencing pain related to MPS were randomized to receive either a TPI of 1% lidocaine plus conventional care (TPI group) or conventional care alone (control group).

Outcomes of noncurative endoscopic submucosal dissection for T1 colorectal cancer: Prospective, multicenter, cohort study in Japan.

Objectives: This study investigated the incidence of lymph node metastasis and long-term outcomes in patients with T1 colorectal cancer where endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) resulted in noncurative treatment. It is focused on those with deep submucosal invasion, a factor considered a weak predictor of lymph node metastasis in the absence of other risk factors.

Methods: This nationwide, multicenter, prospective study conducted a post-hoc analysis of 141 patients with T1 colorectal cancer ≥20 mm where ESD of the lesion resulted in noncurative outcomes, characterized by poor differentiation, deep submucosal invasion (≥1000 μm), lymphovascular invasion, high-grade tumor budding, or positive vertical margins.

Definitive chemoradiotherapy with paclitaxel for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in older patients (PARADISE-1): a phase I trial.

Background: In older patients, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is difficult to treat using standard therapies, including surgery and cisplatin-based chemoradiotherapy. Paclitaxel (PTX) has radiosensitizing activity. We conducted a phase I trial of PTX combined with radiotherapy to establish a standard therapy for locally advanced ESCC in older patients.