Type 2 diabetes compromises SARS-CoV-2-specific immunological memory following ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination.

Introduction: Despite the success of vaccination, isolated cases of COVID-19 infection are being reported in the vulnerable subjects worldwide. Given that individuals with type-2 diabetes (T2D) often exhibit immune dysregulation, this study aimed to characterize SARS-CoV-2-specific immunity following ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination in subjects with T2D.

Methods: We recruited 55 T2D and 60 healthy control (HC) subjects and monitored their immunological parameters at baseline, 3rd, 6th, and 12th month post-ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination.

Restoring Brain Function in Autism: GSK3β Inhibition by 6-Bromoindirubin-3'-oxime Reverses Valproic Acid-induced Neuropathology.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition characterized by social deficits, restricted interests, and repetitive behaviors. Although aripiprazole and risperidone are FDA-approved for ASD, they primarily target comorbid symptoms and are associated with significant side effects. This study aimed to investigate the effects of 6-bromoindirubin-3'-oxime (6BIO), a glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) inhibitor, in a VPA model of ASD.

Enhancing abrasive wear resistance of IS-2062 steel in hydroturbine applications with WC-12 Co and WC-10 Co-4 Cr HVOF coatings.

Hydro-turbine components are frequently exposed to high-velocity abrasive and erosive environments, resulting in substantial wear. To overcome above challenge, this study investigates the mechanical performance of WC-12Co and WC-10Co-4Cr coatings applied to IS-2062 steel substrates using the High-Velocity Oxy-Fuel (HVOF) spraying technique. Following that the effectiveness of WC-12Co and WC-10Co-4Cr coatings in protecting steel substrates against degradation was evaluated.

Exporting, ownership status and energy efficiency: A micro-level study in the Indian manufacturing sector.

We study the relationship between export status and ownership status and energy efficiency of firms in the Indian manufacturing sector. Our panel data estimation reveals that exporters are more energy efficient than non-exporters. The quantile regression results further note that exporters in the higher quantiles are more energy efficient than their lower quantile counterparts.

Shoulder arthroplasty in the elderly.

Background: Shoulder arthroplasty is increasingly being used for definitive treatment of various shoulder pathologies, especially in more elderly patients. Controversy surrounds the optimal choice in total shoulder arthroplasty for elderly patients. In this review we discuss the options available when considering TSA for an elderly patient.

Digital Health Technologies for Optimising Treatment and Rehabilitation Following Surgery: Device-Based Measurement of Sling Posture and Adherence.

Background: Following shoulder surgery, controlled and protected mobilisation for an appropriate duration is crucial for appropriate recovery. However, methods for objective assessment of sling wear and use in everyday living are currently lacking. In this pilot study, we aim to determine if a sling-embedded triaxial accelerometer and/or wrist-worn sensor can be used to quantify arm posture during sling wear and adherence to sling wear.

How long is the arm immobilised after a conservatively managed displaced proximal humerus fracture and does early mobilisation effect complication rates: A systematic review.

Background: Conservative management of displaced proximal humerus fractures involves a period of rest in a sling followed by physiotherapy. The aim of this review is to provide a narrative synthesis of how long immobilisation is used, types of slings, when and how exercises are introduced, and if complications may be associated with these components.

Method: A systematic search of the literature was undertaken.

MicroRNA expression signature in gastrointestinal stromal tumour & their molecular & histological features.

Background & objectives In gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST), not only genetic abnormalities are responsible for adverse clinical events, but epigenetic modifications also play a crucial role. MicroRNA (miRNA) dysregulation plays a significant role in carcinogenesis as miRNAs serve as natural silencer for their targets. Our study aimed to explore the miRNAs expression and its association with molecular and histopathological characteristics of GIST.

Optimizing Oxford Shoulder Scores with computerized adaptive testing reduces redundancy while maintaining precision.

Aims: The Oxford Shoulder Score (OSS) is a 12-item measure commonly used for the assessment of shoulder surgeries. This study explores whether computerized adaptive testing (CAT) provides a shortened, individually tailored questionnaire while maintaining test accuracy.

Methods: A total of 16,238 preoperative OSS were available in the National Joint Registry (NJR) for England, Wales, Northern Ireland, the Isle of Man, and the States of Guernsey dataset (April 2012 to April 2022).

Long term surgical results and safety profile of the novel CM T Flex scleral fixated intraocular lens.

Purpose: To report the long term visual outcomes and complications with use of the novel CM-T Flex scleral fixated intraocular lens (CMT-SFIOL).

Materials And Methods: 116 eyes that underwent CMT-SFIOL were reviewed and 57 eyes with CMT-SFIOL that completed a 2-year follow-up were included. Main outcome measures noted were best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and complications.

Unlocking the Therapeutic Potential: Sitagliptin's Multifaceted Approach in Drug-Resistant Epilepsy through a Novel Mechanism Inhibiting Protein Kinase C-γ and a Long-Term Potentiation Pathway.

Drug-resistant epilepsy is a prominent challenge in chronic neurological disorders. Valproate, commonly used to treat epilepsy, can fail due to various side effects and interactions, necessitating the exploration of alternative treatments. Our study primarily investigated sitagliptin's potential as a therapeutic agent for drug-resistant epilepsy.

Surgical management of cubital tunnel syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised trials.

Background: Cubital tunnel syndrome (CUTS) is a common upper limb compression neuropathy with significant consequences when left untreated. Surgical decompression remains gold-standard treatment for moderate to severe disease, however the optimal operative technique remains unclear. This network meta-analysis (NMA) of Level I and II randomised prospective studies aims to discern superiority between open in-situ, endoscopic and anterior transposition (subcutaneous or submuscular techniques) with respect to the primary outcome of response-to-treatment and secondary outcomes which include complications, post-operative chronic pain VAS scale, return to work and re-operation.

Feasibility of Using a GENEActiv Accelerometer with Triaxial Acceleration and Temperature Sensors to Monitor Adherence to Shoulder Sling Wear Following Surgery.

Background: Self-reported adherence to sling wear is unreliable due to recall bias. We aim to assess the feasibility and accuracy of quantifying sling wear and non-wear utilising slings pre-fitted with a GENEActiv accelerometer that houses triaxial acceleration and temperature sensors.

Methods: Ten participants were asked to wear slings for 480 min (8 h) incorporating 180 min of non-wear time in durations varying from 5-120 min.

A systematic review of proximal humerus fractures and associated vascular injuries.

Objective: Proximal humerus fractures are common with a reported neurovascular injury incidence of 0.09% to 5%. This study aimed to synthesize the current evidence on the presentation and management of proximal humerus fractures with associated vascular injury to aid clinical decision-making.