Pharmacological function of melanocortin-3 receptor in goldfish (Carassius auratus).

The melanocortin-3 receptor (MC3R) was recognized for its critical role in energy metabolism and inflammatory responses in mammals; however, its functions in fish remain poorly understood. This study characterized the mc3r gene in goldfish, investigating its sequence, tissue distribution, and pharmacological responses. The coding sequence of goldfish mc3r was 975 bp, translating to a 325-amino-acid protein typical of G protein-coupled receptors, with notable conservation across cyprinids.

Missense mutations of GPER1 in breast invasive carcinoma: Exploring gene expression, signal transduction and immune cell infiltration with insights from cellular pharmacology.

G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER1) plays a crucial role in the progression of breast cancer and has emerged as a promising therapeutic target. However, while missense mutations in GPER1 have been detected in breast invasive carcinoma (BIC) samples, the resulting molecular, cellular and pharmacological changes remain unclear. The present study categorized BIC samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas database based on mutation information available in the cBioPortal database.

Structural and pharmacological characterization of a medium-chain fatty acid receptor GPR84 in common carp (Cyprinus carpio).

The medium-chain fatty acid receptor GPR84, a member of the G protein-coupled receptor family, is mainly expressed in macrophages and microglia, and is involved in the regulation of inflammatory responses and retinal development in mammals and amphibians. However, structure, tissue distribution, and pharmacology of this receptor have rarely been reported in fish. In this study, we cloned the coding sequence (CDS) of common carp GPR84 (ccGPR84), examined its tissue distribution, and explored its cellular signaling function.

Molecular Cloning, Tissue Distribution, and Pharmacological Characterization of GPR84 in Grass Carp ().

The G-protein-coupled receptor GPR84, activated by medium-chain fatty acids, primarily expressed in macrophages and microglia, is involved in inflammatory responses and retinal development in mammals and amphibians. However, our understanding of its structure, function, tissue expression, and signaling pathways in fish is limited. In this study, we cloned and characterized the coding sequence of GPR84 (ciGPR84) in grass carp.

The interaction of MC3R and MC4R with MRAP2a in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).

Melanocortin 3 and 4 receptors are two important neural G protein-coupled receptors that regulate energy homeostasis in vertebrates. Melanocortin receptor accessory protein 2 (MRAP2) is also involved in the regulation of food intake and body weight as a variable regulator of melanocortin receptors. Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) is a valuable cold-water fish cultured worldwide.

Molecular cloning, tissue distribution, and pharmacologic function of melanocortin-3 receptor in common carp (Cyprinus carpio).

Melanocortin-3 receptor (MC3R) not only regulates energy homeostasis in animals, but also is an important regulator of inflammation. As one of the most widely farmed freshwater fish, common carp has attracted great interest for its feeding and inflammation regulation. In this study, we cloned the coding sequence (CDS) of common carp Mc3r (ccMc3r), examined its tissue expression profile, and investigated the function of this receptor in mediating downstream signaling pathways.

Molecular characterization and functional exploration of GPR84 in Chinese Giant Salamander (Andrias davidianus).

The G protein-coupled receptor 84 (GPR84) is a putative medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) receptor involved in immune regulation and other metabolic processes. Most available studies focused on the GPR84 characterization from mammals, neglecting vital information that could be obtained from other levels of life, such as amphibians, necessary for an apt evolutionary understanding of the orphan GPR84. Hence, this study molecularly characterized and functionally explored the GPR84 from the Chinese Giant Salamander (Andrias davidianus).

Functional characterization of melanocortin-3 receptor in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).

The melanocortin-3 receptor (MC3R) is an important regulator of energy homeostasis and inflammation in mammals. However, its function in teleost fish needs to be further explored. In this study, we characterized rainbow trout MC3R (rtMC3R), which encoded a putative protein of 331 amino acids.