Development, Pre-Clinical Safety, and Immune Profile of RENOVAC-A Dimer RBD-Based Anti-Coronavirus Subunit Vaccine.

The development of effective and safe vaccines and their timely delivery to the public play a crucial role in preventing and managing infectious diseases. Many vaccines have been produced and distributed globally to prevent COVID-19 infection. However, establishing effective vaccine development platforms and evaluating their safety and immunogenicity remains critical to increasing health security, especially in developing countries.

Human gingival mesenchymal stem cells retain their growth and immunomodulatory characteristics independent of donor age.

Aging has been reported to deteriorate the quantity and quality of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which affect their therapeutic use in regenerative medicine. A dearth of age-related stem cell research further restricts their clinical applications. The present study explores the possibility of using MSCs derived from human gingival tissues (GMSCs) for studying their ex vivo growth characteristics and differentiation potential with respect to donor age.

Macro- and micro-nutrient-based multiplex stress conditions modulate in vitro tumorigenesis and aggressive behavior of breast cancer spheroids.

Purpose: The aggressive nature of a tumor is presumably its inherent one, but different environmental cues can manipulate it in many ways. In this context, the influence of metabolic stresses on tumor behavior needs to be analyzed to understand their far-reaching implications on tumor aggression and dormancy. This work investigates different facets of the tumor, such as tumorigenic capacity, tumor phenotype, and migration, under multiple metabolic stress conditions.

Gold nanoparticles biosynthesized by Nocardiopsis dassonvillei NCIM 5124 enhance osteogenesis in gingival mesenchymal stem cells.

Gold nanoparticles are widely used for biomedical applications owing to their biocompatibility, ease of functionalization and relatively non-toxic nature. In recent years, biogenic nanoparticles have gained attention as an eco-friendly alternative for a variety of applications. In this report, we have synthesized and characterized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) from an Actinomycete, Nocardiopsis dassonvillei NCIM 5124.

Scaffold-Free Spheroids Derived from Stem Cells for Tissue-Engineering Applications.

Tissue engineering has gained attention in the past decade due to its efficient interaction with the host system and potential therapeutic capabilities. Although scaffold-based approaches provide much needed mechanical strength and support to the regenerating tissue, they also invite foreign body reaction initiated by macrophages, causing inflammation and toxicity, and may also sometime interfere with the regeneration of indigenous tissue due to very slow degradation. Therefore, spheroids provide a promising tool for improving cell survival and for preserving cell-to-cell interaction.

Dental Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Applications in Tissue Engineering.

In recent years, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from dental tissue have gained in popularity for tissue-engineering and regenerative medicine applications. The highly proliferative and self-renewing population of dental stem cells has the neural crest as their origin. This expands their applicability for regeneration of tissues from both ectochyme and mesenchymal origin.

Hydroxyapatite nanorods loaded with parathyroid hormone (PTH) synergistically enhance the net formative effect of PTH anabolic therapy.

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) has been a major contributor to the anabolic therapy for osteoporosis, but its delivery to bone without losing activity and avoiding adverse local effects remain a challenge. Being the natural component of bone, use of hydroxyapatite for this purpose brings a major breakthrough in synergistic anabolism. This study focuses on synthesis, characterization and evaluation of in vitro and in vivo efficacy of PTH (1-34) adsorbed hydroxyapatite nanocarrier for synergistic enhancement in the anabolic activity of PTH for bone regeneration.

Mediated Synthesis of Platinum and Palladium Nanoparticles for Induction of Apoptosis in Breast Cancer.

Green chemistry approaches for designing therapeutically significant nanomedicine have gained considerable attention in the past decade. Herein, we report for the first time on anticancer potential of phytogenic platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) and palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) using a medicinal plant tuber extract (GSTE). The synthesis of the nanoparticles was completed within 5 hours at 100°C which was confirmed by development of dark brown and black colour for PtNPs and PdNPs, respectively, along with enhancement of the peak intensity in the UV-visible spectra.

inhibits bone loss and increases bone heterogeneity in osteoporotic mice via modulating Treg-Th17 cell balance.

Osteoporosis is one of the most important but often neglected bone disease associated with aging and postmenopausal condition leading to bone loss and fragility. Probiotics have been associated with various immunomodulatory properties and have the potential to ameliorate several inflammatory conditions including osteoporosis. (LA) was selected as probiotic of choice in our present study due its common availability and established immunomodulatory properties.

Bacillus clausii inhibits bone loss by skewing Treg-Th17 cell equilibrium in postmenopausal osteoporotic mice model.

Objectives: Postmenopausal osteoporosis is one of most commonly occurring skeletal diseases leading to bone loss and fragility. Probiotics have been associated with various immunomodulatory properties and thus can be exploited to enhance bone health. In the present study, we report, to our knowledge for the first time, that oral administration of Bacillus clausii (BC) in postmenopausal osteoporotic (OVX) mice model enhances bone health.

Novel platinum-palladium bimetallic nanoparticles synthesized by Dioscorea bulbifera: anticancer and antioxidant activities.

Medicinal plants serve as rich sources of diverse bioactive phytochemicals that might even take part in bioreduction and stabilization of phytogenic nanoparticles with immense therapeutic properties. Herein, we report for the first time the rapid efficient synthesis of novel platinum-palladium bimetallic nanoparticles (Pt-PdNPs) along with individual platinum (PtNPs) and palladium (PdNPs) nanoparticles using a medicinal plant, Dioscorea bulbifera tuber extract (DBTE). High-resolution transmission electron microscopy revealed monodispersed PtNPs of size 2-5 nm, while PdNPs and Pt-PdNPs between 10 and 25 nm.

Curcumin conjugated silica nanoparticles for improving bioavailability and its anticancer applications.

Curcumin, a yellow bioactive component of Indian spice turmeric, is known to have a wide spectrum of biological applications. In spite of various astounding therapeutic properties, it lacks in bioavailability mainly due to its poor solubility in water. In this work, we have conjugated curcumin with silica nanoparticles to improve its aqueous solubility and hence to make it more bioavailable.

IL-3 promotes osteoblast differentiation and bone formation in human mesenchymal stem cells.

IL-3 is an important cytokine that regulates hematopoiesis. We have previously demonstrated that IL-3 is a potent inhibitor of osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption. In the present study, we have investigated the role of IL-3 on human osteoblast differentiation and bone formation.

IL-3 attenuates collagen-induced arthritis by modulating the development of Foxp3+ regulatory T cells.

IL-3, a cytokine secreted by Th cells, functions as a link between the immune and the hematopoietic system. We previously demonstrated the potent inhibitory role of IL-3 on osteoclastogenesis, pathological bone resorption, and inflammatory arthritis. In this study, we investigated the novel role of IL-3 in development of regulatory T (Treg) cells.

Irreversible inhibition of RANK expression as a possible mechanism for IL-3 inhibition of RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis.

IL-3, a cytokine secreted by activated T lymphocytes, stimulates the proliferation, differentiation and survival of pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of inhibitory action of IL-3 on osteoclast differentiation. We show here that IL-3 significantly inhibits receptor activator of NF-kappaB (RANK) ligand (RANKL)-induced activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK).

IL-3 inhibits human osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption through downregulation of c-Fms and diverts the cells to dendritic cell lineage.

IL-3 is an important cytokine that regulates hematopoiesis and functions as a link between the immune and the hematopoietic system. In this study, we investigated the role and mechanism of IL-3 action on human osteoclast formation and bone resorption using PBMCs. PBMCs differentiate into functional osteoclasts in the presence of M-CSF and receptor activator of NF-kappaB ligand as evaluated by 23c6 expression and bone resorption.

Acellular dermal matrix seeded with autologous gingival fibroblasts for the treatment of gingival recession: a proof-of-concept study.

Background: One of the most common esthetic concerns associated with periodontal tissues is gingival recession. There are multiple periodontal plastic surgery approaches documented in the literature for the treatment of such defects. With the tremendous advances being made in periodontal science and technology, tissue engineering could be considered among the latest exciting techniques for recession management.

Human gingiva-derived mesenchymal stem cells are superior to bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells for cell therapy in regenerative medicine.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are capable of self-renewal and differentiation into multiple cell lineages. Presently, bone marrow is considered as a prime source of MSCs; however, there are some drawbacks and limitations in use of these MSCs for cell therapy. In this study, we demonstrate that human gingival tissue-derived MSCs have several advantages over bone marrow-derived MSCs.

The angioarchitectural factors of the cerebral developmental venous anomaly; can they be the causes of concurrent sporadic cavernous malformation?

Introduction: The aim of this paper was to evaluate the angioarchitectural factors that can induce concurrent cavernous malformation (CM) in the territory of developmental venous anomaly (DVA).

Methods: From January 2006 to December 2007, 21 patients with 23 CMs in the territory of DVA were retrospectively analyzed (M; F = 12; 9, mean age = 53.3).