Distribution of spinal damage in patients with axial spondyloarthritis as assessed by MRI: a prospective and blinded study.

Background: Axial spondyloarthritis (SpA) leads to structural bone lesions in every part of the vertebral column. These lesions are only partially visualized on conventional radiographs, omitting posterior parts of the vertebral column and the thoracic spine, that may nevertheless contribute to impaired spinal mobility and function in patients with axial SpA.

Methods: In this prospective and blinded investigation, we assessed the distribution of structural spinal lesions using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the whole spine in 55 patients with axial SpA classified according to the Assessment in Spondyloarthritis International Society (ASAS) criteria.

Facing the AI challenge in radiology: Lessons learned from a regional survey among Austrian radiologists in academic and non-academic settings on perceptions and expectations towards artificial intelligence.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate perceptions and expectations towards artificial intelligence (AI) applications in diagnostic radiology among radiologists across academic, non-academic and private practice settings in the Federal State of Styria, Austria. It also sought to determine how participant's characteristics and AI-specific knowledge might influence these views.

Methods: An online quantitative survey comprising 20 multiple-choice questions in German language was distributed via email to radiologists in outpatient and hospital settings throughout Styria in 2024.

Perfusion Computed Tomography in Rectal Carcinoma: Influence of Optimization of the Patlak Range on Calculation of Equivalent Blood Volume and Flow Extraction.

Purpose: The aim of the study is to assess the influence of manual adjustment of the Patlak range in computed tomography (CT) perfusion analysis of rectal carcinoma compared with default range of the perfusion software.

Methods: This study was approved by the institutional review board and informed consent was obtained. Twenty-one patients (12 male, 9 female; mean age ± SD, 59 ± 11 years) with rectal cancer were included and underwent perfusion CT before preoperative chemoradiotherapy.

Three dimensional computed tomography texture analysis of pulmonary lesions: Does radiomics allow differentiation between carcinoma, neuroendocrine tumor and organizing pneumonia?

Purpose: To investigate whether CT texture analysis allows differentiation between adenocarcinomas, squamous cell carcinomas, carcinoids, small cell lung cancers and organizing pneumonia and between carcinomas and neuroendocrine tumors.

Method: This retrospective study included patients 133 patients (30 patients with organizing pneumonia, 30 patients with adenocarcinoma, 30 patients with squamous cell carcinoma, 23 patients with small cell lung cancer, 20 patients with carcinoid), who underwent CT-guided biopsy of the lung and had a corresponding histopathologic diagnosis. Pulmonary lesions were segmented in consensus by two radiologists with and without a threshold of -50HU in three dimensions.

CT texture analysis reliability in pulmonary lesions: the influence of 3D vs. 2D lesion segmentation and volume definition by a Hounsfield-unit threshold.

Objective: Reproducibility problems are a known limitation of radiomics. The segmentation of the target lesion plays a critical role in texture analysis variability. This study's aim was to compare the interobserver reliability of manual 2D vs.

Combining targeted and systematic prostate biopsy improves prostate cancer detection and correlation with the whole mount histopathology in biopsy naïve and previous negative biopsy patients.

Objective: Guidelines for previous negative biopsy (PNB) cohorts with a suspicion of prostate cancer (PCa) after positive multiparametric (mp) magnetic-resonance-imaging (MRI) often favour the fusion-guided targeted prostate-biopsy (TB) only approach for Prostate Imaging-Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) ≥3 lesions. However, recommendations lack direct biopsy performance comparison within biopsy naïve (BN) vs. PNB patients and its prognostication of the whole mount pathology report (WMPR), respectively.

Non-contrast-enhanced CT texture analysis of primary and metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas: value in assessment of histopathological grade and differences between primary and metastatic lesions.

Purpose: To evaluate the utility of non-contrast-enhanced CT texture analysis (CTTA) for predicting the histopathological differentiation of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAC) and to compare non-contrast-enhanced CTTA texture features between primary PDAC and hepatic metastases of PDAC.

Methods: This retrospective study included 120 patients with histopathologically confirmed PDAC. Sixty-five patients underwent CT-guided biopsy of primary PDAC, while 55 patients underwent CT-guided biopsy of hepatic PDAC metastasis.

Diagnosing Pulmonary Embolism With Computed Tomography Pulmonary Angiography: Diagnostic Accuracy of a Reduced Scan Range.

Purpose: Computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CT-PA) is frequently used in the diagnostic workup of pulmonary embolism (PE), even in highly radiosensitive patient populations. This study aims to assess CT-PA with reduced z -axis coverage (compared with a standard scan range covering the entire lung) for its sensitivity for detecting PE and its potential to reduce the radiation dose.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 602 consecutive CT-PA scans with definite or possible PE reported.

The value of MRI compared to conventional radiography in analysing morphologic changes in the spine in axial spondyloarthritis.

Background: Imaging of morphologic changes in the vertebral spine in axial spondyloarthritis (SpA) is routinely performed with conventional radiography limited by superposition in the thoracic segments and radiation exposure. The objective was to assess the reliability of MRI compared to conventional radiography in depicting morphologic vertebral lesions in patients with axial SpA. Forty patients diagnosed with axial SpA were included in this cross-sectional study.

Contrast media dose adjustment to allometric parameters of body mass in multiphasic CT of the liver: A comparison of different metrics.

Purpose: To assess correlations of lean body weight (LBW) calculated with various formulas, total body weight (TBW), body height (BH), body mass index (BMI), body surface area (BSA) and fat-free mass (FFM) with vascular and parenchymal enhancement in multiphasic CT of the liver.

Method: Thirty consecutive patients underwent multiphasic CT of the liver using constant iodine dose and flow rate. Contrast enhancement of aorta, portal vein and liver was calculated by measuring mean vascular and parenchymal attenuation in pre-contrast and post-contrast phases.

Basal glucosuria is ubiquitous in critically ill patients.

The 'renal threshold for glucose' has never been evaluated in critically ill patients. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the renal glucose threshold in this patient group using high-sensitivity urine glucose assays. In this retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data, we analysed 100 consecutive critically ill patients from a medical intensive care unit (ICU).

Glycemic variability and glucose complexity in critically ill patients: a retrospective analysis of continuous glucose monitoring data.

Introduction: Glycemic variability as a marker of endogenous and exogenous factors, and glucose complexity as a marker of endogenous glucose regulation are independent predictors of mortality in critically ill patients. We evaluated the impact of real time continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) on glycemic variability in critically ill patients on intensive insulin therapy (IIT), and investigated glucose complexity--calculated using detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA)--in ICU survivors and non-survivors.

Methods: Retrospective analysis were conducted of two prospective, randomized, controlled trials in which 174 critically ill patients either received IIT according to a real-time CGM system (n = 63) or according to an algorithm (n = 111) guided by selective arterial blood glucose measurements with simultaneously blinded CGM for 72 hours.