Exploiting Spiropyran Solvatochromism for Heavy Metal Ion Detection in Aqueous Solutions.

Three spiropyran derivatives (-) were studied as colorimetric sensors for Cd, Pb, and Hg ions in nine solvents of varying polarity and hydrogen-bonding character based on the E(30) scale. We used solvatochromic analysis and UV-visible titrations to characterize each spiropyran's baseline absorption in each solvent and its changes upon metal interaction. Solvatochromic measurements enabled us to separate intrinsic solvent-induced color shifts from metal-specific responses.

Association of low birth weight with development defects of enamel: Systematic review with meta-analysis.

Objective: Low birth weight (LBW) has been associated with developmental defects of enamel (DDE), but this has not been tested against an etiological physiological model of DDE (Eti-Phys model). This study aimed to investigate the associations: (i) between LBW and DDE as well as molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH) in deciduous (DEC) and permanent teeth (PERM), and (ii) between observed and Eti-Phys-model-based predicted (model-based) risk of DDE.

Design: Cross-sectional, cohort, and case-control studies were identified in PubMed, ISI Web of Science, LILACS, SCOPUS, and Embase until April 2024, supplemented by grey literature searches.

Shaping Ability of the ProTaper Gold and R-Motion Systems in Long-Oval Canals: A Microcomputed Tomography Study.

The aim of this study was to evaluate, by microcomputed tomography (micro-CT), the shaping ability and reduction of dentin thickness in mesial and distal surfaces of the ProTaper Gold (PTG; Dentsply Sirona, Ballaigues, Switzerland) and R-Motion (RM; FKG Dentaire, La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland) systems in long-oval canals of lower incisors. Twenty long-oval lower incisors were selected, compared anatomically, and scanned by micro-CT (SkyScan 1172, Bruker Micro-CT, Kontich, Belgium). The teeth were divided into two groups ( = 10) according to instrumentation technique: PTG and RM.

Spatially resolved composition of bovine dental enamel in permanent incisors.

Objective: To quantify component volumes (mineral, organic, total water, firmly and loosely bound water volumes, and permeability) at histological points in bovine enamel and investigate their association with bovine enamel's optical behavior and fracture toughness (FT).

Design: In vitro, cross-sectional, and experimental study. Longitudinal ground sections of ten permanent bovine incisors were analyzed using microradiography, polarizing microscopy, microhardness tester, and confocal laser fluorescence microscopy (CLFM).

Influence of build angle, printing layer thickness and aging on the flexural strength, precision, roughness and porosity analysis of a printed resin for provisional restorations.

Evaluate the impact of printing parameters on flexural strength (σ), flexural modulus (E), precision, and surface topography characteristics of a resin used to produce provisional restorations. 450 bars for provisional restorations were printed using the SLA printing (25 × 2x2mm ISO-4049), and randomly divided into 30 groups (n = 15) according to the following factors: "printing layer thickness" (25 μm;50 μm;100 μm), "Build angle" (0°,30°,45°,60°,90°) and "thermocycling-TC" (with or without). Following printing, the samples underwent cleaning with isopropyl alcohol.

Enamel caries lesions, with and without initial cavitation, in relation to anatomical areas of the proximal surface in deciduous molars.

Objective: proximal enamel caries lesions (PEC) are believed to initiate and progress to cavitation below the proximal contact area (PCA), but no evidence exists on the location of initial carious cavitation on the proximal surface with functional PCA. This study aimed to test the association of anatomical areas of the proximal surface with the severity of PEC and the frequency of cavitation in PEC in primary molars DESIGN: laboratory, observational, transversal study. Exfoliated primary molars (n = 33) with functional PCA (biofilm-free PCA surrounded by biofilm) had their proximal surfaces (one/tooth) divided anatomically into up to nine areas: 3 areas based on the occlusal/cervical PCA boundaries (areas I, II, and III; occluso-cervically) and 3 areas based on the bucco/lingual PCA boundaries (A, B, and C), with area IIB representing the PCA and area IIIB as the sub-PCA (below the PCA).

Coumarin/β-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complexes Promote Acceleration and Improvement of Wound Healing.

Coumarins have great pharmacotherapeutic potential, presenting several biological and pharmaceutical applications, like antibiotic, fungicidal, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, anti-HIV, and healing activities, among others. These molecules are practically insoluble in water, and for biological applications, it became necessary to complex them with cyclodextrins (CDs), which influence their bioavailability in the target organism. In this work, we studied two coumarins, and it was possible to conclude that there were structural differences between 4,7-dimethyl-2-chromen-2-one (DMC) and 7-methoxy-4-methyl-2-chromen-2-one (MMC)/β-CD that were solubilized in ethanol, frozen, and lyophilized (FL) and the mechanical mixtures (MM).

A single dose of angiotensin-(1-7) resolves eosinophilic inflammation and protects the lungs from a secondary inflammatory challenge.

Objective: Angiotensin-(1-7) [Ang-(1-7)] is a pro-resolving mediator. It is not known whether the pro-resolving effects of Ang-(1-7) are sustained and protect the lung from a subsequent inflammatory challenge. This study sought to investigate the impact of treatment in face of a second allergic or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge.

Combining Polymer and Cyclodextrin Strategy for Drug Release of Sulfadiazine from Electrospun Fibers.

This study reports the fabrication of polymeric matrices through electrospinning using polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), biocompatible polymers commonly used in medical systems. These polymers were combined with an antibacterial drug, sulfadiazine sodium salt (SDS) or its supramolecular system formed with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβ/CD) at 1:1 molar ratio, aiming to assemble a transdermal drug delivery system. The formation of fibers was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the fibers' surface properties were analyzed using contact angle and water vapor permeability techniques.

Influence of carbonated acid beverage on fracture resistance and marginal gap formation in different restorative approaches to non-carious cervical lesions.

Objective: This study is to evaluate fracture resistance, failure mode, and gap formation at the restorative interface of unrestored or restored non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) submitted to a short-term erosive environment.

Materials And Methods: Artificial NCCLs were produced in vitro in bovine incisors, and were randomly divided into four restorative resins groups (n = 22): nanohybrid-NR; bulk-fill-BR; flow with a nanohybrid layer-FNR; bulk-fill with a nanohybrid layer-BNR; and a group unrestored-UR (n = 16). Half of the specimens were submitted to an erosive challenge (per 5 min, 3 × a day for 7 days, before and after restoration), and the other half, was immersed in artificial saliva.

Organic volume and permeability variations in the surface layer of artificial and natural enamel carious lesions.

Objectives: Test the hypothesis the type of enamel caries (natural, artificial induced by gel, and artificial induced by acid solutions) affect the organic volume and the permeability of the surface layer in enamel caries lesions.

Design: Artificial enamel caries, induced by either acidic solution (organic-poor; Group 1) or acidic gel (organic-rich; Group 2), and natural non-cavitated inactive approximal enamel caries lesions (NEC; Group 3) were obtained, from which longitudinal ground sections were prepared. Measurements of the mineral (V) (by microradiography), and water (α) and organic (β) volumes (by optical birefringence) were obtained at three points in the surface layer (n = 30/group).

Improved mineralization of dental enamel by electrokinetic delivery of F and Ca ions.

This in vitro study evaluated the effects of the infiltration of F and Ca ions into human enamel by electrokinetic flow (EKF) on the enamel microhardness and F content. Sound human enamel ground sections of unerupted third molars were infiltrated with de-ionized water by EKF and with F ion by EKF respectively. All samples were submitted to two successive transverse acid-etch biopsies (etching times of 30 s and 20 min) to quantify F ion infiltrated deep into enamel.

New Theory Illustrates the Formation of Enamel CUP-Shaped Lesions on Occlusal Surfaces.

We propose a new theory for enamel cupping lesions formation. At early stages, naturally formed cupping lesions showed increased porosity at two structural prismatic traits: the central cone extending into the enamel-dentine junction and the type-I Hunther-Schreger bands (HSB), suggesting them to be the main drivers for cupping lesion formation and development. In addition, these lesions were circumscribed by type-II HSBs, which present lower surface porosity and higher resistance to wear.

Structure and Chemical Composition of ca. 10-Million-Year-Old (Late Miocene of Western Amazon) and Present-Day Teeth of Related Species.

Molecular information has been gathered from fossilized dental enamel, the best-preserved tissue of vertebrates. However, the association of morphological features with the possible mineral and organic information of this tissue is still poorly understood in the context of the emerging area of paleoproteomics. This study aims to compare the morphological features and chemical composition of dental enamel of extinct and extant terrestrial vertebrates of Crocodylia: Purussaurus sp.

Electrospun Materials for Biomedical Applications.

Considered a simple and versatile technique, electrospinning has emerged as a technology for developing 3D materials for a wide range of applications [...

Polymer-hybrid nanosystems for antiviral applications: Current advances.

The emergence of many new viruses in recent times has resulted in a significant scientific challenge for discovering drugs and vaccines that effectively treat and prevent viral diseases. Nanotechnology has opened doors to prevent the spread of several diseases, including those caused by viruses. Polymer-hybrid nanodevices are a class of nanotechnology platforms for biomedical applications that present synergistic properties among their components, with improved performance compared to conventional forms of therapy.

Comparative Analysis of Continuous versus Reciprocating Instruments in Retreatment of Flat-oval Root Canals.

Introduction: Flat-oval root canals of incisors can be problematic in retreatments. This study assessed the efficacy of continuous and reciprocating rotation instruments in retreatment of flat-oval root canals in lower incisors via micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). File systems studied were ProTaper universal retreatment rotary system associated with ProTaper Next (PTUR+PTN), D-RaCe associated with iRaCe (DR+iR), Reciproc (REC), and WaveOne (WO).

Persistent organic pollutants: The trade-off between potential risks and sustainable remediation methods.

Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) have become a very serious issue for the environment because of their toxicity, resistance to conventional degradation mechanisms, and capacity to bioconcentrate, bioaccumulate and biomagnify. In this review article, the safety, regulatory, and remediation aspects of POPs including aromatic, chlorinated, pesticides, brominated, and fluorinated compounds, are discussed. Industrial and agricultural activities are identified as the main sources of these harmful chemicals, which are released to air, soil and water, impacting on social and economic development of society at a global scale.

Shaping efficiency of XP-endo shaper and Mtwo instruments in long oval root canals: A micro-CT study.

This study evaluated the shaping ability of XP-endo Shaper and Mtwo systems in long-oval-shaped canals of extracted human mandibular molars using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). Images recorded before and after preparation were evaluated for morphometric measures regarding increase in canal volume, dentin removed, surface area, untouched walls and structure model index (SMI). Data were statistically analysed using the Mann-Whitney test with 5% of significance.

Oral administration of angiotensin-(1-7) decreases muscle damage and prevents the fibrosis in rats after eccentric exercise.

New Findings: What is the central question of this study? Eccentric contraction exercises cause damage to muscle fibres and induce inflammatory responses. The exacerbation of this process can induce deposition of fibrous connective tissue, leading to decreased muscle function. The aim of this study was to examine the role of angiotensin-(1-7) in this context.

The effect of high concentration of zoledronic acid on tooth induced movement and its repercussion on root, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone tissues in rats.

Zoledronic acid (ZA) is often prescribed for osteoporosis or resorptive metabolic bone disease. This study aims to evaluate the effect of ZA on orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) and root and bone resorption and its repercussion on root, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone tissues. The experimental group consisted of 72 Wistar rats divided in four subgroups: Naive, Saline and Zoledronic Acid groups at the concentration of 0.

Objective assessment of simulated non-carious cervical lesion by tridimensional digital scanning.

Objective: To explore the use of 3D intraoral scanner/image analysis for the detection and monitoring of simulated non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) in vitro.

Materials And Methods: A total of 288 NCCLs of different severities and simulated using a laboratorial model associating toothbrush stiffness (soft, medium, and hard) and toothpaste abrasivity (low, medium, high, and negative control) were analyzed. Dental impressions were taken from specimens before and after 35K and 65K brushing strokes, and then scanned with a CEREC Omnicam scanner.

Susceptibility of Dental Enamel of Different Ages to Caries-Like Lesion Development.

This study investigated the impact of estimated age, anatomical location, and the presence of wear facets on the susceptibility of enamel to develop caries-like lesions. Extracted human premolars (n = 261) had their age estimated between 10 and 93 years old, using established forensic methods. Specimens of enamel (4 × 4 mm) were prepared from the middle of the buccal surfaces, preserving the outer surface layer.

Variation in mineral, organic, and water volumes at the neonatal line and in pre- and postnatal enamel.

Objetives: The neonatal line (NNL) in enamel is hypomineralized, but quantitative data on the enamel component volumes of the NNL are lacking. This study aimed at quantifying the variation in the mineral, organic, and water volumes at the NNL and in pre- and postnatal enamel.

Materials And Methods: In buccal enamel longitudinal ground sections of exfoliated primary incisors (upper and lower; n = 17), the enamel component volumes were quantified at five histological sites (located at 40 μm intervals along a transversal line): the NNL, two sites in prenatal enamel, and two sites in postnatal enamel.