Wide-field self-referenced optical coherence tomography imaging of the corneal microlayers.

We present a technique for wide-field OCT imaging of the cornea using self-referenced interference of the anterior corneal surface with the underlying corneal structure. The method employs a custom objective lens that ensures that the probing beam remains nearly perpendicular to the anterior corneal surface, effectively utilizing it as a reference to generate interference. This approach allows for high-resolution, three-dimensional imaging of corneal layers over a 9mm optical zone.

Short-term efficacy of photobiomodulation in early and intermediate age-related macular degeneration: the PBM4AMD study.

Objectives: This independent prospective study evaluated the short-term effects and safety of photobiomodulation (PBM) in early and intermediate age-related macular degeneration.

Methods: patients were treated with PBM in one eye. Functional parameters and drusen volume were measured at one (W4), three- (W12) and six-months (W24) after PBM.

TEN-YEAR FOLLOW-UP OF FELLOW EYES IN PATIENTS WITH UNILATERAL NAIVE EXUDATIVE AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION.

Purpose: To determine the 10-year morphologic outcomes and identify potential risk factors of exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in the fellow eyes (FEs) in patients with naive exudative AMD.

Methods: Data from 100 patients were retrospectively reviewed. Baseline macular neovascularization (MNV) type in the exudative AMD eye and presence of drusen, intraretinal hyperreflective foci, nonfoveal incomplete retinal pigment epithelium and outer retinal atrophy, central retinal thickness, and subfoveal choroidal thickness in the FEs were analyzed as biomarkers for progression in the second eye.

Retromode Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy for Choroidal Nevi: A Preliminary Study.

The purpose of the present study was to document pathological findings on retromode imaging in choroidal nevi and evaluate its diagnostic validity, using the confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope Nidek Mirante (cSLO). A total of 41 choroidal nevi from 41 patients were included. All patients underwent multicolor fundus (mCF), infrared reflectance (IR), green fundus autofluorescence (FAF), dark-field (DF) and retromode (RM) imaging and optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans.

Delaying anti-VEGF therapy during the COVID-19 pandemic: long-term impact on visual outcomes in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration.

Objectives: To evaluate the outcomes of delayed intravitreal injections (IVIs) caused by the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD).

Methods: nAMD patients with scheduled IVIs between March 1 and April 30, 2020 were stratified through a risk-based selection into a non-adherent group (NA-group) if they skipped at least one IVI and an adherent group (A-group) if they followed their treatment schedule. During the pandemic visit (v), if a significant worsening of the disease was detected, a rescue therapy of three-monthly IVIs was performed.

Ten-Year Incidence of Fibrosis and Risk Factors for Its Development in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Purpose: To report the incidence and risk factors for fibrosis at 10 years in a large cohort of persons with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD).

Design: Retrospective, multicenter, cohort study.

Methods: We included 225 naive nAMD eyes that underwent intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatment over 10 years of follow-up at two Italian referral centers.

Corneal Epithelial Regeneration: Old and New Perspectives.

Corneal blindness is the fifth leading cause of blindness worldwide, and therapeutic options are still often limited to corneal transplantation. The corneal epithelium has a strong barrier function, and regeneration is highly dependent on limbal stem cell proliferation and basement membrane remodeling. As a result of the lack of corneal donor tissues, regenerative medicine for corneal diseases affecting the epithelium is an area with quite advanced basic and clinical research.

Follicular helper T cell signature of replicative exhaustion, apoptosis, and senescence in common variable immunodeficiency.

Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is the most frequent primary antibody deficiency whereby follicular helper T (Tfh) cells fail to establish productive responses with B cells in germinal centers. Here, we analyzed the frequency, phenotype, transcriptome, and function of circulating Tfh (cTfh) cells in CVID patients displaying autoimmunity as an additional phenotype. A group of patients showed a high frequency of cTfh1 cells and a prominent expression of PD-1 and ICOS as well as a cTfh mRNA signature consistent with highly activated, but exhausted, senescent, and apoptotic cells.

RESPONSE TO TREATMENT OF CHOROIDAL NEOVASCULARIZATION IN HIGHLY MYOPIC EYES WITH DOME-SHAPED MACULA: Two Years of Follow-Up.

Purpose: To compare the 2-year outcome to antivascular endothelial growth factor therapy for myopic choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in the eyes with or without dome-shaped macula (DSM).

Methods: Data from treatment-naive myopic CNV with a 2-year follow-up were retrospectively collected and divided into two groups according to the presence of DSM. The best-corrected visual acuity was acquired at baseline, 3, 12, and 24 months.

Efficacy of Dupilumab on Different Phenotypes of Atopic Dermatitis: One-Year Experience of 221 Patients.

Background: The clinical features of adult-onset atopic dermatitis (AD) are heterogeneous and the diagnosis can be a challenge. A new biologic drug (dupilumab) has been approved for moderate to severe AD in adult patients. The efficacy and safety have been demonstrated in clinical trials, but these studies do not reflect conditions in daily practice and do not consider the different clinical manifestations of AD.

IMPACT OF CORONAVIRUS DISEASE PANDEMIC ON INTRAVITREAL INJECTIONS TREATMENT FOR MACULAR DISEASES: Report From a Referral Hospital in Milan.

Purpose: To describe our managing strategy for COVID-19 emergency, to evaluate the adherence to intravitreal treatment (AtT) rate during the outbreak in a referral hospital in Milan, and to correlate it with patients' clinical features.

Methods: The AtT rate of patients with scheduled intravitreal injections during the COVID-19 outbreak from February 23, 2020 to March 31, 2020 was compared with the previous trimester and with March 2019. The impact of age, sex, visual function, and diagnosis on the AtT rate during unlocked/locked weeks (from March 8th) was evaluated.