miRNA-503 inhibition exerts anticancer effects and reduces tumor growth in mesothelioma.

Background: Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is a rare and aggressive form of cancer that affects the mesothelial surfaces, associated with exposure to asbestos fibres. To date, no cure is available for MM and therapeutically approved treatments are based on the use of platinum compounds often used in combination with other drugs. We have previously analysed the efficacy of a cisplatin/piroxicam (CDDP/P) combined treatment showing that this treatment was able to reduce in vivo tumor growth.

Mapping the cancer surface proteome in search of target antigens for immunotherapy.

Immune-based therapeutic interventions recognizing proteins localized on the cell surface of cancer cells are emerging as a promising cancer treatment. Antibody-based therapies and engineered T cells are now approved by the Food and Drug Administration to treat some malignancies. These therapies utilize a few cell surface proteins highly expressed on cancer cells to release the negative regulation of immune activation that limits antitumor responses (e.

Corrigendum: Protein arginine methyltransferase 1 is a therapeutic vulnerability in multiple myeloma.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.

Protein arginine methyltransferase 1 is a therapeutic vulnerability in multiple myeloma.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a devastating plasma cell malignancy characterized by the expansion of aberrant monoclonal plasma cells in the bone marrow, leading to severe clinical manifestations and poor prognosis, particularly in relapsed/refractory cases. Identifying novel therapeutic targets is crucial to improve treatment outcomes in these patients. In this study, we investigated the role of the protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) in MM pathogenesis and explored its potential as a therapeutic target.

A target discovery pipeline identified ILT3 as a target for immunotherapy of multiple myeloma.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable malignancy of plasma cells. To identify targets for MM immunotherapy, we develop an integrated pipeline based on mass spectrometry analysis of seven MM cell lines and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) from 900+ patients. Starting from 4,000+ candidates, we identify the most highly expressed cell surface proteins.

The Antioxidant Effect of Dietary Bioactives Arises from the Interplay between the Physiology of the Host and the Gut Microbiota: Involvement of Short-Chain Fatty Acids.

The maintenance of redox homeostasis is associated with a healthy status while the disruption of this mechanism leads to the development of various pathological conditions. Bioactive molecules such as carbohydrates accessible to the microbiota (MACs), polyphenols, and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are food components best characterized for their beneficial effect on human health. In particular, increasing evidence suggests that their antioxidant ability is involved in the prevention of several human diseases.

Aglianico Grape Seed Semi-Polar Extract Exerts Anticancer Effects by Modulating MDM2 Expression and Metabolic Pathways.

Grapevine ( L.) seeds are rich in polyphenols including proanthocyanidins, molecules with a variety of biological effects including anticancer action. We have previously reported that the grape seed semi-polar extract of Aglianico cultivar (AGS) was able to induce apoptosis and decrease cancer properties in different mesothelioma cell lines.

Organic extract of induces cell cycle block in human mesothelioma cells.

The serious side effects caused by chemotherapeutics and the development of cancer chemoresistance represent the most significant limitations in the treatment of cancer. Some alternative approaches have been developed in recent years, which are based on natural compounds, and have allowed important advances in cancer therapeutics. During the last 50 years, sponges have been considered a promising source of natural products from the marine environment, representing ~30% of all marine natural products.

Bioactive Polyphenols and Neuromodulation: Molecular Mechanisms in Neurodegeneration.

The interest in dietary polyphenols in recent years has greatly increased due to their antioxidant bioactivity with preventive properties against chronic diseases. Polyphenols, by modulating different cellular functions, play an important role in neuroprotection and are able to neutralize the effects of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Interestingly, all these mechanisms are involved in neurodegeneration.

Prevents Oxidative Stress-Induced Apoptosis Blocking p53 Activation in Neuroblastoma Cells.

Oxidative stress has been associated to neuronal cell loss in neurodegenerative diseases. Neurons are post-mitotic cells that are very sensitive to oxidative stress-especially considering their limited capacity to be replaced. Therefore, reduction of oxidative stress, and inhibiting apoptosis, will potentially prevent neurodegeneration.

Curcumin, Gut Microbiota, and Neuroprotection.

Curcumin, a nontoxic, naturally occurring polyphenol, has been recently proposed for the management of neurodegenerative and neurological diseases. However, a discrepancy exists between the well-documented pharmacological activities that curcumin seems to possess in vivo and its poor aqueous solubility, bioavailability, and pharmacokinetic profiles that should limit any therapeutic effect. Thus, it is possible that curcumin could exert direct regulative effects primarily in the gastrointestinal tract, where high concentrations of curcumin are present after oral administration.

Curcumin C3 complex®/Bioperine® has antineoplastic activity in mesothelioma: an in vitro and in vivo analysis.

Background: A major limitation in the treatment for malignant mesothelioma is related to serious side effects caused by chemotherapeutics and to the development of cancer-resistance. Advances in cancer therapies have been reached thanks to the introduction of alternative approaches, such as the use of phytochemicals. Curcumin-C3complex®/Bioperine® is a commercially standardized extract containing a ratio-defined mixture of three curcuminoids and piperine that greatly increase its bioavailability.

Polyphenols-gut microbiota interplay and brain neuromodulation.

Increasing evidence suggests that food ingested polyphenols can have beneficial effects in neuronal protection acting against oxidative stress and inflammatory injury. Moreover, polyphenols have been reported to promote cognitive functions. Biotransformation of polyphenols is needed to obtain metabolites active in brain and it occurs through their processing by gut microbiota.

New Therapeutic Drugs from Bioactive Natural Molecules: The Role of Gut Microbiota Metabolism in Neurodegenerative Diseases.

Background: The gut-brain axis is considered a neuroendocrine system, which connects the brain and gastrointestinal tract and plays an important role in stress response. The homeostasis of gut-brain axis is important for health conditions and its alterations are associated to neurological disorders and neurodegenerative diseases.

Method: We selected recent papers analysing the association among alterations in the homeostasis of the gut-brain axis and neurological disorders.

Age does not hamper the response to pulmonary rehabilitation of COPD patients.

Background: pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) improves health status and exercise tolerance, but not respiratory function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Our objective was to identify predictors of improvement in the 6-min walked distance (6'WD) in elderly COPD patients after PR.

Methods: this was a prospective observational study performed in an ambulatory rehabilitation setting.

Functional status and factors influencing the rehabilitation outcome of people affected by above-knee amputation and hemiparesis.

Objectives: To evaluate the functional status of people with transfemoral amputation and hemiparesis and to identify the factors that influence rehabilitation outcome after inpatient treatment.

Design: Retrospective study.

Setting: Rehabilitation hospital.