Extraarticular distal humeral nonunion: systematic review of literature.

Background: Distal humeral fractures accounted for ~1% of all fractures; however, they were prone to complications, including nonunion if left untreated or inadequately managed. Nonunion, which predominantly occurred at the supracondylar level, resulted in mechanical instability, functional impairment, and persistent discomfort. The most commonly employed surgical options included open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF), total elbow arthroplasty (TEA), and external fixation.

Robot-assisted partial nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma: A narrative review of different clinical scenarios.

Objective: Nowadays robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) represents the standard of care for clinical T1 (cT1) renal masses, providing similar oncological outcomes when compared to open or laparoscopic PN with advantages in terms of functional outcomes and lower perioperative comorbidity, when compared to radical nephrectomy.

Methods: We performed an extensive literature review of studies regarding RAPN, its evolution, technical aspects and applications, and new technological tools using different combinations of Medical Subject Headings terms "RAPN", "partial nephrectomy", "robot-assisted", "nephron-sparing surgery", "renal cell carcinoma", "complex renal masses", "endophytic renal masses", and "bilateral renal tumors".

Results: A consistent body of evidence was selected, including original articles, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and clinical trials having RAPN as the central focus in adult patients, with all its technical nuances.

Arterial Embolism After Facial Fat Grafting: A Systematic Literature Review.

Background: While autologous fat grafting of the face is considered a generally safe procedure, severe complications such as arterial embolism (AE) have been reported.

Objective: To summarize data on injection-related visual compromise, stroke, and death caused by arterial embolism after facial fat transplantation.

Materials And Methods: Plastic surgery societies were contacted for reports on AE after autologous facial fat injection.

Urinary Continence Recovery after Robotic Radical Prostatectomy without Anterior or Posterior Reconstruction: Experience from a Tertiary Referral Center.

Background: The aim of our study is to evaluate the prevalence and predictive factors of short- (30 d) and mid-term continence in a contemporary cohort of patients treated with robotic-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP) without any posterior or anterior reconstruction at our referral academic center.

Methods: Data from patients undergoing RALP between January 2017 and March 2021 were prospectively collected. RALP was performed by three highly experienced surgeons following the principles of the Montsouris technique, with a bladder-neck-sparing intent and maximal preservation of the membranous urethra (if oncologically safe) without any anterior/posterior reconstruction.

Inflammation in Urological Malignancies: The Silent Killer.

Several studies have investigated the role of inflammation in promoting tumorigenesis and cancer progression. Neoplastic as well as surrounding stromal and inflammatory cells engage in well-orchestrated reciprocal interactions to establish an inflammatory tumor microenvironment. The tumor-associated inflammatory tissue is highly plastic, capable of continuously modifying its phenotypic and functional characteristics.

Adipose and lipoma stem cells: A donor-matched comparison.

Lipomas are slow growing benign fat tumors that develop in soft tissues of the mesoderm. Thus, the specific (dys-)function of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been suggested in the development of lipomas, but details of the tumor pathogenesis remain unclear. Existing studies comparing stem cells from native adipose (adipose stem cells [ASCs]) and lipomatous tissues (LSCs) have reported contradicting findings.

Gender and Advanced Urothelial Cancer: Outcome, Efficacy and Toxicity following Chemotherapy.

: The incidence of urothelial cancer in males is higher than in females; however, females have a higher risk of recurrence and progression. The aim of our study was to report the effect of gender on the oncological outcome in advanced urothelial cancer. : In our retrospective study, all patients had undergone primary surgical treatment for urothelial cancer and were affected by stage IV disease at the time of chemotherapy.

Low Metal Loading (Au, Ag, Pt, Pd) Photo-Catalysts Supported on TiO for Renewable Processes.

Photo-catalysts based on titanium dioxide, and modified with highly dispersed metallic nanoparticles of Au, Ag, Pd and Pt, either mono- or bi-metallic, have been analyzed by multiple characterization techniques, including XRD, XPS, SEM, EDX, UV-Vis and N adsorption/desorption. Mono-metallic photo-catalysts were prepared by wet impregnation, while bi-metallic photocatalysts were obtained via deposition-precipitation (DP). The relationship between the physico-chemical properties and the catalyst's behavior for various photo-synthetic processes, such as carbon dioxide photo-reduction to liquid products and glucose photo-reforming to hydrogen have been investigated.

Effect of Metal Cocatalysts and Operating Conditions on the Product Distribution and the Productivity of the CO Photoreduction.

The CO photoreduction is a promising way to convert one of the most abundant greenhouse gases to valuable chemicals. The photoreduction in the liquid phase is limited by the low solubility of CO in water, but this point is overcome here by using an innovative photoreactor, which allows one to work up to pressures of 20 bar, improving the overall productivity. The photoreduction was performed in the presence of NaSO and using in primis commercial titanium dioxide (P25) and a set of titania catalysts functionalized by surface deposition of either monometallic or bimetallic cocatalysts.

A review of advances in multifunctional XTiO perovskite-type oxides as piezo-photocatalysts for environmental remediation and energy production.

Over more than three decades, the field of engineering of photocatalytic materials with unique properties and enhanced performance has received a huge attention. In this regard, different classes of materials were fabricated and used for different photocatalytic applications. Among these materials, recently multifunctional XTiO perovskites have drawn outstanding interest towards environmental remediation and energy conversion thanks to their unique structural, optical, physiochemical, electrical and thermal characteristics.

Flame Pyrolysis Synthesis of Mixed Oxides for Glycerol Steam Reforming.

Flame spray pyrolysis was used to produce nanosized Ni-based catalysts starting from different mixed oxides. LaNiO and CeNiO were used as base materials and the formulation was varied by mixing them or incorporating variable amounts of ZrO or SrO during the synthesis. The catalysts were tested for the steam reforming of glycerol.

Synthesis of [Pt(CO)(dppm)] and [Pt(CO)(dppm)] Heteroleptic Chini-type Platinum Clusters by the Oxidative Oligomerization of [Pt(CO)(dppm)].

The reactions of [Pt(CO)] with CH(PPh) (dppm), CH═C(PPh) (P^P), and Fe(CHPPh) (dppf) proceed via nonredox substitution and result in the heteroleptic Chini-type clusters [Pt(CO)(dppm)], [Pt(CO)(P^P)], and [Pt(CO)(dppf)], respectively. Conversely, the reactions of [Pt(CO)] with PhP(CH)PPh (dppb) and PhPC≡CPPh (dppa) can be described as redox fragmentation that afford the neutral complexes Pt(dppb), Pt(CO)(dppa), and Pt(CO)(PPh)(C≡CPPh)(dppa). The oxidation of [Pt(CO)(dppm)] results in its oligomerization to yield the larger heteroleptic Chini-type clusters [Pt(CO)(dppm)], [Pt(CO)(dppm)], and [Pt(CO)(dppm)] (for the latter there is only IR spectroscopic evidence).

A Kalman filter approach for denoising and deblurring 3-D microscopy images.

This paper proposes a new method for removing noise and blurring from 3D microscopy images. The main contribution is the definition of a space-variant generating model of a 3-D signal, which is capable to stochastically describe a wide class of 3-D images. Unlike other approaches, the space-variant structure allows the model to consider the information on edge locations, if available.

Expansion of intestinal CD4+CD25(high) Treg cells in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: a putative role for interleukin-10 in preventing intestinal Th17 response.

Objective: Subclinical gut inflammation has been demonstrated in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). This study was undertaken to determine the frequency of regulatory CD4+CD25(high) T cells (Treg cells) and to evaluate Treg cell-related cytokines (interleukin-2 [IL-2], transforming growth factor β [TGFβ], and IL-10) and transcription factors (FoxP3 and STAT-5) in the ileum of patients with AS.

Methods: Quantitative gene expression analysis, by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, of Treg-related cytokines (IL-2, TGFβ, and IL-10) and transcription factors (STAT-5 and FoxP3) was performed on ileal biopsy specimens from 18 patients with AS, 15 patients with active Crohn's disease (CD), and 15 healthy subjects.

Electrical injuries due to theft of copper.

This study shows that the theft of copper, mainly from electrical wires, is becoming a more frequent crime as the value of this metal rises. We have collected all the data from the Burn Centre of the Hospital of Palermo, Italy, from 1992 to 2007. Over the last two decades, we assisted to a dramatic increase of patients admitted to our hospital, reporting burn injuries while attempting to steal it in dangerous conditions.