Case Report: Usefulness, effectiveness, and safety of an advanced hybrid closed-loop system in a child with early identification of type 1 diabetes.

The usefulness, effectiveness, and safety of advanced hybrid closed-loop systems (AHCLs) in early-stage 3 type 1 diabetes (T1D) are unknown. We report 9 months of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) outcomes in a patient with early-stage 3 T1D treated with the Tandem t:slim Control-IQ system. A 13-year-old girl, affected by celiac disease and Hashimoto's thyroiditis, was diagnosed with T1D without symptoms (fasting c-peptide: 1.

Type 1 diabetes incidence during COVID-19 pandemic has not been influenced by COVID-19 vaccination in northern Italy region, Lombardy.

Objective: To describe the trends of type 1 diabetes(T1D) incidence in 0-17-year-olds over the years 2020-2023, and the COVID-19 vaccination uptake in Lombardy region.

Methods: Data about children and adolescents aged 0-17 years who received a diagnosis of T1D from 2020 to 2023 were extracted from the public computerized registry of the healthcare system of the Lombardy Region (Italy). After calculating the annual T1D incidence, the incidence in 2020, prior to the availability of vaccination, was compared to subsequent years.

Investigating the connection among thyroid function, sensitivity to thyroid hormones, and metabolic syndrome in euthyroid children and adolescents affected by type 1 diabetes.

Objectives: A connection between thyroid hormones (THs) and diverse metabolic pathways has been reported. We evaluated thyroid function and tissue sensitivity to THs in children and adolescents with T1D in comparison to euthyroid controls. Additionally, we investigate whether a relationship exists between sensitivity indices and metabolic parameters.

"CoVidentary": An online exercise training program to reduce sedentary behaviours in children with type 1 diabetes during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Aim: We explored the physical activity (PA) level and the variation in glycaemic control in children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) before and during the lockdown. Then, we proposed an online training program supported by sport-science specialists.

Methods: Parents of children with T1D (<18 years) filled out an online survey.

Effectiveness of a closed-loop control system and a virtual educational camp for children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes: A prospective, multicentre, real-life study.

Aim: To evaluate the impact of a virtual educational camp (vEC) on glucose control in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes using a closed-loop control (CLC) system.

Materials And Methods: This was a prospective multicentre study of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes using the Tandem Basal-IQ system. Insulin pumps were upgraded to Control-IQ, and children and their parents participated in a 3-day multidisciplinary vEC.

The Diabetic Lung: Insights into Pulmonary Changes in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes.

Historically, the lung was not listed and recognized as a major target organ of diabetic injury. The first evidence of diabetic lung involvement was published fifty years ago, with a study conducted in a population of young adults affected by type 1 diabetes (T1D). In recent years, there has been mounting evidence showing that the lung is a target organ of diabetic injury since the beginning of the disease-at the pediatric age.

Associations Among Taste Perception, Food Neophobia and Preferences in Type 1 Diabetes Children and Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is one of the most common systemic diseases in childhood which predisposes the patient to serious short-term and long-term complications, affecting all body systems. Taste and olfactory impairments were first described a long time ago in adult patients affected by diabetes (both type 1 and type 2 diabetes). However, studies evaluating taste perception, behavioral attitudes (e.

Non-invasive in vitro and in vivo monitoring of degradation of fluorescently labeled hyaluronan hydrogels for tissue engineering applications.

Unlabelled: Tracking of degradation of hydrogels-based biomaterials in vivo is very important for rational design of tissue engineering scaffolds that act as delivery carriers for bioactive factors. During the process of tissue development, an ideal scaffold should remodel at a rate matching with scaffold degradation. To reduce amount of animals sacrificed, non-invasive in vivo imaging of biomaterials is required which relies on using of biocompatible and in situ gel forming compounds carrying suitable imaging agents.

Alpha-Lipoic Acid and Antioxidant Diet Help to Improve Endothelial Dysfunction in Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes: A Pilot Trial.

After evaluating the prevalence of early endothelial dysfunction, as measured by means of reactive hyperemia in adolescents with type 1 diabetes, we started a 6-month, double-blind, randomized trial to test the efficacy of an antioxidant diet (± alpha-lipoic acid supplementation) to improve endothelial dysfunction. Seventy-one children and adolescents, ages 17 ± 3.9 yrs, with type 1 diabetes since 9.

Hemolytic crisis in a G6PD-deficient infant after ingestion of pumpkin.

A 8 month-old infant presented with acute onset of severe jaundice, anemia requiring transfusion and Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase deficiency. The infant did not take drugs, he did not consume fava beans, but fava beans DNA was found on pumpkin he consumed the day before jaundice onset. This is the first case of hemolysis triggered by ingestion of food cross-contaminated with fava beans.

Carbohydrate counting with an automated bolus calculator helps to improve glycaemic control in children with type 1 diabetes using multiple daily injection therapy: an 18-month observational study.

Aims: This study aimed to investigate the effect of carbohydrate counting (carbC), with or without an automated bolus calculator (ABC), in children with type 1 diabetes treated with multiple daily insulin injections.

Methods: We evaluated 85 children, aged 9-16 years, with type 1 diabetes, divided into four groups: controls (n=23), experienced carbC (n=19), experienced carbC+ABC (n=18) and non-experienced carbC+ABC (n=25). Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), insulin use, and glycaemic variability - evaluated as high blood glucose index (HBGI) and low blood glucose index (LBGI) - were assessed at baseline and after 6 and 18 months.

Serotype distribution and antimicrobial susceptibilities of nasopharyngeal isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae from healthy children in the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine era.

Few epidemiological data are available since the introduction of 13-valent pneumococcal vaccine (PCV13) in 2010. We conducted a cross-sectional study to estimate the prevalence of Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP) nasopharyngeal carriage in healthy Italian infants and young children and to evaluate the impact of PCV13 on pneumococcal colonization. In the trimester September-December 2011 nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from healthy children aged 3-59 months presenting for routine well careat 16 primary care pediatricians in Milan.

Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum.

Necrobiosis lipoidica is a rare disorder that usually appears in the lower extremities and it is often related to diabetes mellitus. There are few reported cases of necrobiosis lipoidica in children. We present an interesting case in that the patient developed lesions on the abdomen, which is an unusual location.

A novel CLN8 mutation in late-infantile-onset neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (LINCL) reveals aspects of CLN8 neurobiological function.

The late-infantile-onset forms of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (LINCL) are the most genetically heterogeneous group among the autosomal recessive neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs), with causative mutations found in CLN1, CLN2, CLN5, CLN6, CLN7 (MFSD8), and CLN8 genes. Homozygous mutations in CLN8 are associated with two distinct phenotypes: progressive epilepsy and mental retardation (EPMR), first identified in Finland; and a variant of late-infantile NCL (v-LINCL) described in a subset of Turkish and Italian patients. The function of the protein encoded by CLN8 is currently unknown.

Clinical and genetic familial study of a large cohort of Italian children with idiopathic epilepsy.

Epilepsies are characterized by genetic heterogeneity and by the possible coexistence of different phenotypes in one family. Moreover, in different epilepsies, mutations in the same gene have been reported. We aimed to collect data in a large Italian cohort of 81 families with children affected by partial or generalized epilepsies and to evaluate the prevalence of several ion channel mutations.

Cryptogenic epileptic syndromes related to SCN1A: twelve novel mutations identified.

Background: Sodium channel alpha 1 subunit gene, SCN1A, is the gene encoding the neuronal voltage-gated sodium channel alpha 1 subunit (Na(v)1.1) and is mutated in different forms of epilepsy. Mutations in this gene were observed in more than 70% of patients with severe myoclonic epilepsy of infancy (SMEI) and were also found in different types of infantile epileptic encephalopathy.

A clinical, genetic, and biochemical characterization of SPG7 mutations in a large cohort of patients with hereditary spastic paraplegia.

Mutations in the SPG7 gene encoding a mitochondrial protein termed paraplegin, are responsible for a recessive form of hereditary spastic paraparesis. Only few studies have so far been performed in large groups of hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) patients to determine the frequency of SPG7 mutations. Here, we report the result of a mutation screening conducted in a large cohort of 135 Italian HSP patients with the identification of six novel point mutations and one large intragenic deletion.

Eight novel mutations in SPG4 in a large sample of patients with hereditary spastic paraplegia.

Background: Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) is a group of genetically heterogeneous disorders characterized by progressive spasticity of the lower limbs. Mutations in the SPG4 gene, which encodes spastin protein, are responsible for up to 45% of autosomal dominant cases.

Objective: To search for disease-causing mutations in a large series of Italian patients with HSP.