Immunogenicity of NSDV GP38 and the role of furin in GP38 proteolytic processing.

Unlabelled: Nairobi sheep disease virus (NSDV) is a tick-borne orthonairovirus, which is genetically related to Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV), and causes severe hemorrhagic gastroenteritis in infected sheep. CCHFV GP38, a cleavage product of the CCHFV glycoprotein precursor (GPC), has recently attracted attention: not only has GP38 been reported to elicit detectable anti-GP38 antibodies in CCHFV-infected patients, but anti-GP38 antibodies have also been shown to protect mice from lethal CCHFV challenge. While proteolytic cleavage of CCHFV GP38 has been described to involve the proprotein convertases furin and subtilisin/kexin-isozyme-1 (SKI-1), little is known about the processing of NSDV GPC, or the occurrence and immunogenicity of NSDV GP38 in infected sheep.

Persistent Infections in Tick Cell Lines: The Role of Viral-Derived DNA Forms in Hazara Virus Replication and Cellular Survival.

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) causes severe or fatal infections in humans and is geographically widespread. The virus has coevolved with its tick vectors, establishing persistent infections critical to its transmission. This study explored the mechanisms underpinning these persistent infections, using tick cell lines and the Hazara virus (HAZV) as a biosafety level 2 (BSL-2) model for CCHFV.

Vector competence of Culex quinquefasciatus from Santiago Island, Cape Verde, to West Nile Virus: exploring the potential effect of the vector native Wolbachia.

Background: Culex quinquefasciatus plays a crucial role as a vector of West Nile virus (WNV). This mosquito species is widely distributed in Cape Verde, being found in all inhabited islands of the archipelago. However, no data are currently available on the susceptibility of the local mosquito population to WNV.

Vector Competence of from São Tomé and Príncipe for West Nile Virus Transmission.

The global distribution of mosquitoes, particularly in tropical regions, poses a significant public health risk due to their apparent ability to transmit arboviruses such as West Nile virus (WNV). This study aimed to evaluate the vector competence of from São Tomé and Príncipe (STP) for the transmission of the WNV PT6.39 strain, considering its potential role as a bridge vector in a region where would be the main vector.