The Antitumor Role of Incomptine A in a Breast Cancer Murine Model: Impairment of Hexokinase II Expression and Apoptosis Induction.

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common type of cancer in women worldwide. Hexokinase II (HKII) overexpression is associated with the proliferation and survival of tumor cells, as it inhibits apoptosis. Incomptine A (IA) is cytotoxic to breast cancer cells, likely due to a decrease in the expression of HKII.

Alteration of mA Methylation in Breast Cancer Cells by Aqueous Extract.

is used in traditional medicine to treat cancer, as it contains flavonoids and phenols known to regulate key cellular processes associated with cancer. Breast cancer, the most common cancer among women globally, presents ongoing challenges in treatment. The discovery of mA methylation and its regulation by methylosome proteins offers novel therapeutic avenues for cancer management.

Anti-lymphoma Activity of Acyclic Terpenoids and Its Structure-Activity Relationship: In Vivo, In Vitro, and In Silico Studies.

Terpenoids are a large group of molecules present in several plant species and in many essential oils reported with cytotoxic and anticancer properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anticancer activity of eleven acyclic terpenes; seven monoterpenoids: geranyl acetate (C1), geranic acid (C2), citral (C3, mixture of neral and geranial), geraniol (C4), methyl geranate (C5), nerol (C6) and citronellic acid (C7); two sesquiterpenes: farnesal (C8) and farnesol (C9); and one triterpene: squalene (C10), using in vivo, in vitro, and in silico models. Anti-lymphoma activity was evaluated using male Balb/c mice inoculated with U-937 cells.

Anti- and Antioxidant Activity of a Terpene and Methyl-Ester-Rich Subfraction from .

has demonstrated antimicrobial effects, including anti- activity, which has been attributed to the presence of compounds such as terpenes and fatty acid methyl esters. In this study, the effects of hexane subfraction one (Hsf1) on the tachyzoite ultrastructure were evaluated using TEM and SEM, and lytic cycle processes such as adhesion, invasion, and proliferation were evaluated using phase-contrast microscopy. Additionally, the antioxidant capacity of the subfraction and its main compounds (phytol and hexadecenoic acid methyl ester) were determined as well as their effects on parasite viability.

Quantitative Proteomics and Molecular Mechanisms of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Mice Treated with Incomptine A, Part II.

Incomptine A (IA) has cytotoxic activity in non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) cancer cell lines. Its effects on U-937 cells include induction of apoptosis, production of reactive oxygen species, and inhibition of glycolytic enzymes. We examined the altered protein levels present in the lymph nodes of an in vivo mouse model.

Understanding the Molecular Mechanisms of Incomptine A in Treating Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Associated with U-937 Cells: Bioinformatics Approaches, Part I.

: Incomptine A () has been reported to have cytotoxic activity in non-Hodgkin lymphoma cancer cell lines and have effects on U-937 cells, including the induction of apoptosis, the production of reactive oxygen species, and the inhibition of glycolytic enzymes. Also, has cytotoxic activity in the triple-negative subtypes, HER2+, and luminal A of breast cancer cells, with its properties being associated with an effect on the antiapoptotic function of Hexokinase II (HKII). : In this research, we reviewed the altered levels of proteins present in the lymph nodes of male Balb/c mice inoculated with U-937 cells and treated with or methotrexate, as well as mice only inoculated with cancer cells.

Caryophyllene Oxide, a Bicyclic Terpenoid Isolated from with Antitumor Activity: In Vivo, In Vitro, and In Silico Studies.

The Annona genus contains some species used in Mexican traditional medicine for the treatment cancer, including . The present study aimed to investigate the anticancer activity of caryophyllene oxide (CO) isolated from using in vivo, in vitro, and in silico approaches. The identification of CO was performed using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy and NMR methods.

Antiprotozoal Activity Against and of Cyclopeptides Isolated from Saff.

Diseases caused by intestinal parasites such as protozoa represent a worldwide problem mainly for developing countries. From morbidity in different groups of people to cases of mortality in children and/or immunocompromised patients. In addition to the above, there is growing resistance to the drugs used in the treatment of these diseases, as well as undesirable side effects in patients.

A U.S. Pharmacopeia (USP) overview of Pan American botanicals used in dietary supplements and herbal medicines.

The United States Pharmacopeial Convention (USP) is a nonprofit, scientific, standard-setting organization, and world leader in establishing quality, purity, and testing standards for medicines, foods, and dietary supplements. USP quality standards are used in more than 140 countries and are legally recognized by more than 40 countries. Currently, there is renewed interest in herbal medicines globally, and health policies are being implemented worldwide for the use of complementary and traditional medicine.

Antibacterial, Trichomonacidal, and Cytotoxic Activities of Extracts.

is a fern documented in ethnobotanical records for its use in Mexican traditional medicine to treat gastric disorders and mouth ulcers. Consequently, conducting biological and pharmacological assays is crucial to validate the therapeutic efficacy of this plant within the context of traditional medicine. In the present study, we investigated the biological activity of extracts and fractions obtained from organs against bacteria (, , , , , , and using in vitro models.

In Vivo, In Vitro and In Silico Anticancer Activity of Ilama Leaves: An Edible and Medicinal Plant in Mexico.

Ilama leaves are an important source of secondary metabolites with promising anticancer properties. Cancer is a disease that affects a great number of people worldwide. This work aimed to investigate the in vivo, in vitro and in silico anticancer properties of three acyclic terpenoids (geranylgeraniol, phytol and farnesyl acetate) isolated from petroleum ether extract of ilama leaves.

Advances in the Properties of Incomptine A: Cytotoxic Activity and Downregulation of Hexokinase II in Breast Cancer Cell Lines.

Breast cancer treatments are limited by the cancer subtype and its selectivity towards tumor cells, hence the importance of finding compounds that increase the survival of healthy cells and target any subtype. Incomptine A (IA) is a sesquiterpene lactone with demonstrated cytotoxic activity. In this study, through assays, it was observed that IA has similar cytotoxic activity between the subtypes triple negative, HER2+, and luminal A of the breast cancer cell lines.

Miller and Its Flavonoids, an Important Source of Products for the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus: In Vivo and In Silico Evaluations.

The antihyperglycemic activity of ethanolic extract from Miller (EEAch) and its products were evaluated using in vivo and in silico assays. An α-glucosidase inhibition was evaluated with oral sucrose tolerance tests (OSTT) and molecular docking studies using acarbose as the control. SGLT1 inhibition was evaluated with an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and molecular docking studies using canagliflozin as the control.

Evaluation of the Anti- Efficacy, Cytotoxicity, and GC/MS Profile of Active Subfractions.

(Pc) is a fern that, according to ethnobotanical records, is used in Mexican traditional medicine to treat gastrointestinal ailments. Recent reports indicate that the hexane fraction (Hf) obtained from Pc methanolic frond extract affects tachyzoite viability in vitro; therefore, in the present study, the activity of different Pc hexane subfractions (Hsf) obtained by chromatographic methods was evaluated in the same biological model. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis was carried out for hexane subfraction number one (Hsf1), as it showed the highest anti- activity with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC) of 23.

Antihyperglycemic Effects of Miller and the Flavonoid Rutin in Combination with Oral Antidiabetic Drugs on Streptozocin-Induced Diabetic Mice.

Ethanolic extract obtained from Miller (EEAc) and the flavonoid rutin (Rut) were evaluated in this study to determine their antihyperglycemic content, % HbA1c reduction, and antihyperlipidemic activities. Both treatments were evaluated separately and in combination with the oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs) acarbose (Aca), metformin (Met), glibenclamide (Gli), and canagliflozin (Cana) in acute and subchronic assays. The evaluation of the acute assay showed that EEAc and Rut administered separately significantly reduce hyperglycemia in a manner similar to OADs and help to reduce % HbA1c and hyperlipidemia in the subchronic assay.

Antidiabetic and Toxicological Effects of the Tea Infusion of Summer Collection from Miller Leaves.

Miller () is a plant used in Mexican traditional medicine for the treatment of diabetes. In this work, the tea infusion extracts obtained from 1.5 g of leaf powder from collected in May (AcMa), June (AcJun), July (AcJul), and August (AcAu) were evaluated on streptozocin-induced diabetic (STID) mice and for subchronic toxicity in STID and non-diabetic (ND) mice.

Understanding the Antilymphoma Activity of Donn and Its Acyclic Terpenoids: In Vivo, In Vitro, and In Silico Studies.

Donn () is used in traditional Mexican medicine for the treatment of cancer, diabetes, inflammation, and pain. In this work, we evaluated the antitumor activity of three acyclic terpenoids obtained from to assess their potential as antilymphoma agents. We identified the terpenoids farnesyl acetate (FA), phytol (PT) and geranylgeraniol (Gg) using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) and spectroscopic (H, and C NMR) methods applied to petroleum ether extract of leaves from (PEAm).

Linearolactone Induces Necrotic-like Death in Trophozoites: Prediction of a Likely Target.

Linearolactone (LL) is a -clerodane type diterpene that has been shown to exert giardicidal effects; however, its mechanism of action is unknown. This work analyzes the cytotoxic effect of LL on trophozoites and identifies proteins that could be targeted by this active natural product. Increasing concentrations of LL and albendazole (ABZ) were used as test and reference drugs, respectively.

Antihyperglycemic Effects of Cav. and Its Terpenoids: α-Glucosidase and SGLT1 Inhibitors.

The antihyperglycemic activity of ethanolic extract from (EESpS) and its products was evaluated using in vivo, ex vivo and in silico assays; additionally, an acute toxicity assay was evaluated. EESpS was classified as a nontoxic class 5 drug. EESpS, ethyl acetate fraction (EtOAcFr), secondary-6-fraction (SeFr6), ursolic acid (UA), and oleanolic acid (OA) reduced the hyperglycemia in DM2 mice.

Expanding the Study of the Cytotoxicity of Incomptines A and B against Leukemia Cells.

Heliangolide-type sesquiterpene lactones (HTSLs) are phytocompounds with several pharmacological activities including cytotoxic and antitumor activity. Both bioactivities are related to an α-methylene-γ-lactone moiety and an ester group on carbon C-8 in the sesquiterpene lactone (SL) structure. Two HTSLs, incomptines A () and B () isolated from , were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity on three leukemia cell lines: HL-60, K-562, and REH cells.

Understanding the Anti-Diarrhoeal Properties of Incomptines A and B: Antibacterial Activity against and Its Enterotoxin Inhibition.

Incomptines A () and B () are two sesquiterpene lactones with antiprotozoal, antibacterial, cytotoxic, antitumor, spermicidal, and phytotoxic properties. The antibacterial activity of and against bacteria causing diarrhoea have been reported; however, no information is available regarding their antibacterial activity on . In this work, both compounds were evaluated for their anti-diarrhoeal potential using the bacterium , sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) analysis on cholera toxin, and a cholera toxin-induced diarrhoea model in male Balb/c mice.

Antitumor Potential of Linn. An Edible and Medicinal Plant in Mexico: In Vitro, In Vivo, and Toxicological Studies.

() is a plant used in traditional Mexican medicine to treat cancer. In this study, ethanol extracts of collected in Acapulco and Tecpan from Guerrero state were evaluated orally on Balb/c mice inoculated with 4T1 cells, for cytotoxic activity (CA) on 4T1 cells, in brine shrimp lethality assay (BSLA), and for acute oral toxicity in mice. In addition, ethanol extracts were subjected to high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with diode array detection.

Antilymphoma Effect of Incomptine A: In Vivo, In Silico, and Toxicological Studies.

Incomptine A () is a sesquiterpene lactone isolated from that induces apoptosis, reactive oxygen species production, and a differential protein expression on the U-937 (diffuse histiocytic lymphoma) cell line. In this work, the antitumor potential of was investigated on Balb/c mice inoculated with U-937 cells and through the brine shrimp lethality (BSL) test. Furthermore, was subjected to molecular docking study using as targets proteins associated with processes of cancer as apoptosis, oxidative stress, and glycolytic metabolism.

Incomptine A Induces Apoptosis, ROS Production and a Differential Protein Expression on Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Cells.

Sesquiterpene lactones are of pharmaceutical interest due their cytotoxic and antitumor properties, which are commonly found within plants of several genera from the Asteraceae family such as the genus. From four heliangolide, namely incomptines A-D have been isolated. In this study, cytotoxic properties of incomptine A () were evaluated on four lymphoma cancer cell lines: U-937, Farage, SU-DHL-2, and REC-1.