Single cell RNA sequencing analysis of mice hindlimb muscles identifies transcriptional heterogeneity in aging and physical frailty.

Frailty, a geriatric syndrome, is characterized by the age-related deterioration of physical capabilities and multiple organ systems. However, its age-associated and age-independent mechanisms remain vague, impeding prevention and clinical intervention. Here, the physical frailty status of young and old mice estimated using the frailty phenotype and frailty index values was used to divide mice into non-frail young/old (NF-Y/NF-O) and frail old (F-O) groups.

Associations of parity and cognitive decline, depression, and chronic comorbidity in West China: Results from WCHAT study.

Objective: To investigate the associations between parity (the number of offspring a female has borne) and cognitive function, depression, and chronic comorbidity in Western China.

Methods: A total of 846 women aged 50-55 years were included in the current analysis. Cognitive status was measured using a 10-item short portable mental status questionnaire (SPMSQ).

Predicting prognosis in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma by the histopathological features.

Background: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a highly heterogeneous liver tumor. The associations between histopathological feature and prognosis of ICC are limited. The present study aimed to investigate the prognostic significance of glandular structure and tumor budding in ICC.

Prevotella copri alleviates sarcopenia via attenuating muscle mass loss and function decline.

Background: The gut microbiome and fecal metabolites have been found to influence sarcopenia, but whether there are potential bacteria that can alleviate sarcopenia has been under-investigated, and the molecular mechanism remains unclear.

Methods: To investigate the relationships between the gut microbiome, fecal metabolites and sarcopenia, subjects were selected from observational multi-ethnic study conducted in Western China. Sarcopenia was diagnosed according to the criteria of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2014.

Associations between transitions of intrinsic capacity and frailty status, and 3-year disability.

Background: The trajectory of frailty and intrinsic capacity (IC) often overlap in older adults. Longitudinal analyses of transitions of frailty and IC, and their associations with incident functional decline are limited. The present study aimed to identify transitions of frailty status and IC, and explore associations between transitions of frailty and IC, and future disability among community-dwelling older adults.

Sex differences in the association of physical activity levels and vitamin D with obesity, sarcopenia, and sarcopenic obesity: a cross-sectional study.

Background: The relationship between vitamin D and sarcopenia was inconsistent between men and women. Physical activity (PA) may interact with vitamin D on sarcopenia. However, the sex-specific relationships of vitamin D, PA and sarcopenia have yet elucidated.

Potential association between frailty and pTau in community-dwelling older adults.

Background: Frailty is a geriatric syndrome characterized by a decline in physiological reserves, and multiple factors contribute to the occurrence and development of frailty. Growing evidence supports a strong link and overlap between frailty and cognitive impairment, but the mechanisms involved have not yet been fully elucidated.

Aim: To identify associations between 12 plasma cognition-related biomarkers and frailty in community-dwelling older adults.

Nutrition mediates the relationship between number of teeth and sarcopenia: a pathway analysis.

Objectives: The relationship between the number of teeth and sarcopenia remains poorly investigated. Although nutrition plays an important role in maintaining bone and muscle health, the complex relationship between number of teeth and nutrition in the pathogenesis of sarcopenia remains to be elucidated.

Methods: A large multi-ethnic sample of 4149 participants aged over 50 years old from West China Health and Aging Trend (WCHAT) study was analyzed.

Prevalence and correlates of disability among urban-rural older adults in Southwest China: a large, population-based study.

Background: As one of the challenges of aging, older adults with disabilities are often overlooked in remote areas of many developing countries, including southwest China. Similar populations would undoubtedly benefit from a representative, high-quality survey of large samples, which would also enrich global disability data. This study aims to assess the prevalence of disability and associated factors among urban and rural older adults in a typical representative region.

The mediation role of sleep quality in the relationship between cognitive decline and depression.

Objectives: Associations between cognitive decline and depression have been inconclusive. We examined 1) whether sleep quality mediates these relationships and 2) which factor of sleep quality mediates these relationships.

Methods: This study utilized baseline data from the 2018 West China Health and Aging Trend study (WCHAT), a large cohort data-set that including participants aged over 50 years old.

Higher uric acid serum levels are associated with sarcopenia in west China: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Sarcopenia is the decline in muscle strength and mass attributed to aging. The pathogenesis of sarcopenia may be triggered by oxidative stress and uric acid (UA) has strong antioxidant properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between UA and sarcopenia in community-dwelling adults of West China using the baseline data of West China Health and Aging Trend (WCHAT) study.

Anatomical nonanatomical liver resection for solitary hepatocellular carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The long-term survival of patients with solitary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) following anatomical resection (AR) non-anatomical resection (NAR) is still controversial. It is necessary to investigate which approach is better for patients with solitary HCC.

Aim: To compare perioperative and long-term survival outcomes of AR and NAR for solitary HCC.

Comorbid anxiety and depression, depression, and anxiety in comparison in multi-ethnic community of west China: prevalence, metabolic profile, and related factors.

Objectives: To identify the prevalence, lifestyle factors, chronic disease status, and assessing the metabolic profile, comparing key differences in a cohort of subjects aged at least 50 years old among depression combined anxiety, depression and anxiety in a multi-ethnic population in west China.

Methods: A large multi-ethnic sample of 6838 participants aged 50 years old (mean age 62.4 ± 8.

Vitamin D status and obesity markers in older adults: results from West China Health and Aging Trends study.

Backgrounds: Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency in older adults seems to be common, but the prevalence estimates are lacking in West China. Previous studies suggested that low vitamin D status was associated with obesity. However, most of them evaluated obesity based on body mass index (BMI) and there are no studies at present exploring the association between vitamin D status and different obesity markers.

Fibrinogen/albumin ratio index is an independent predictor of recurrence-free survival in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma following surgical resection.

Background: Systemic inflammation and nutritional status are associated with tumor development and progression. This study investigated the prognostic value of fibrinogen/albumin ratio index (FARI) in predicting recurrence-free survival (RFS) in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) undergoing hepatectomy.

Methods: A retrospective cohort was conducted including patients who received curative hepatectomy for ICC at our hospital between May 2010 and December 2016.

Mid-Upper Arm Circumference as an Alternative Screening Instrument to Appendicular Skeletal Muscle Mass Index for Diagnosing Sarcopenia.

Purpose: Mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) is a simple, noninvasive anthropometric indicator. This study evaluated the applicability of MUAC as an alternative screening instrument to appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) for detecting sarcopenia, and determined the optimal MUAC cutoff values.

Patients And Methods: A total of 4509 subjects ≥50 years of age from the West China Health and Aging Trend study were included in the present study.

Nutritional status mediates the relationship between sarcopenia and cognitive impairment: findings from the WCHAT study.

Background: Sarcopenia is associated with cognitive impairment in older adults. However, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood.

Aim: To explore the mediating role of nutritional status in the relationship between sarcopenia and cognitive impairment.

Nutrition status mediates the association between cognitive decline and sarcopenia.

In this study, we investigated whether nutrition status mediates the relationship between cognitive decline and sarcopenia. Sarcopenia was assessed in 4023 community-dwelling older adults from West China using the AWGS 2014 diagnostic criteria. Cognitive function and nutrition status were assessed using the 10-item Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire (SPMSQ) and Mini Nutrition Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF) scale, respectively.

The Comparison of Sarcopenia Diagnostic Criteria using AWGS 2019 with the Other Five Criteria in West China.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of sarcopenia defined by different criteria in community-dwelling adults of west China using the baseline data of West-China Health and Aging Trend (WCHAT) study.

Methods: Adults aged 50 years or older in communities of Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, and Xinjiang provinces were enrolled in this study. We applied 6 -diagnostic criteria (AWGS 2019, AWGS 2014, EWGSOP1, -EWGSOP2, IWGS, and FNIH) to define sarcopenia.

Pharmacotherapy of Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in Elderly-Focused on Antibiotics.

Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) refer to the inflammation of the trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and lung tissue. Old people have an increased risk of developing LRTIs compared to young adults. The prevalence of LRTIs in the elderly population is not only related to underlying diseases and aging itself, but also to a variety of clinical issues, such as history of hospitalization, previous antibacterial therapy, mechanical ventilation, antibiotic resistance.

A rational design for trypsin-resistant improvement of Armillariella tabescens β-mannanase MAN47 based on molecular structure evaluation.

Protease resistance of enzymes is required for the feed industry because of the presence of secretary proteases in the digestive tract. In this study, we report a rational method for protease-resistance improvement of enzymes based on molecular structure evaluation. The trypsin-resistance of β-mannanase MAN47 from Armillariella tabescens was investigated.

[Directed evolution by error-prone PCR of Armillariella tabescens MAN47 beta-mannanase gene toward enhanced thermal resistance].

Firstly, We used error-prone PCR to induce mutations on Armillariella tabescens MAN47 beta-mannanase gene, Secondly, we cloned the mutated fragments into secreted expression vector pYCalpha, Then the recombinant plasmids were transformed into Saccharomyces cerevisiae BJ5465 after amplified and extracted in DH5alpha cells. Through three cycles of error-prone PCR we built a mutant database, Then we screened one optimum (named M262) from about 104 mutants. The evoluted MAN47 beta-mannanase displayed both higher thermal stability and activity than wide type.