Exploring the impact of blue light on cold acclimation mechanisms in wheat: A comparative analysis of leaf and root responses.

Light spectrum may also affect the stress acclimation processes in plants. The main aim of the present study was to reveal how the additional blue light may affect the stress-related processes in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv.

Modulatory effects of M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor on inflammatory profiles of human memory T helper cells.

Memory T helper (Th) cells, generated in response to immunogenic challenges, are crucial in orchestrating adaptive immune responses. Acetylcholine (ACh), a key neurotransmitter of the parasympathetic nervous system, modulates immune function via muscarinic ACh receptors (mAChRs). This study investigates the role of mAChRs, particularly the M3 muscarinic ACh receptor (M3R), in regulating the cytokine and chemokine profile and NF-κB p65 activity in primary human memory Th cells.

A Digital Microfluidic Platform for the Microscale Production of Functional Immune Cell Therapies.

Genetically engineering human immune cells has been shown to be an effective approach for developing novel cellular therapies to treat a wide range of diseases. To expand the scope of these cellular therapies while solving persistent challenges, extensive research and development is still required. Here we use a digital microfluidic enabled electroporation system (referred to as triDrop) specifically designed to mitigate harm during electroporation procedures and compare against two state-of-the-art commercially available systems for the engineering of primary human T cells.

Enhancing wheat resilience to salt stress through an integrative nanotechnology approach with chitosan proline and chitosan glycine.

Salt stress significantly limits wheat production worldwide, jeopardizing food security and sustainable agriculture. Developing strategies to enhance wheat's resilience to salinity is critical for maintaining yield in affected regions. This study investigates the potential of chitosan-proline (Cs-Pro) and chitosan-glycine (Cs-Gly) nanoparticles in mitigating salt stress in salt-tolerant Heydari and salt-sensitive Sepahan wheat cultivars, with a special question on genotype-dependent differences.

Cost-reduction strategy to culture patient derived bladder tumor organoids.

Organoids as self-organized structure derived from stem cells can recapitulate the function of an organ in miniature form which have developed great potential for clinical translation, drug screening and personalized medicine. Nevertheless, the majority of patient-derived organoids (PDOs) are currently being cultured in the basement membrane matrices (BMMs), which are constrained by xenogeneic origin, batch-to-batch variability, cost, and complexity. Besides, organoid culture relies on biochemical signals provided by various growth factors in the composition of medium.

Immunomodulation of human T cells by microbubble-mediated focused ultrasound.

While met with initial and ground-breaking success targeting blood borne cancers, cellular immunotherapy remains significantly hindered in the context of solid tumors by the tumor microenvironment. Focused ultrasound, in conjunction with microbubbles, has found tremendous potential as a targeted and local drug/gene delivery technique for cancer therapy. The specific immunomodulating effects of this technique on immune cells, including T-cells, remain unexplored.

The β-adrenergic biased agonist nebivolol inhibits the development of Th17 and the response of memory Th17 cells in an NF-κB-dependent manner.

Introduction: Adrenergic receptors regulate metabolic, cardiovascular, and immunological functions in response to the sympathetic nervous system. The effect of β-adrenergic receptor (AR) as a high expression receptor on different subpopulations of T cells is complex and varies depending on the type of ligand and context. While traditional β-AR agonists generally suppress T cells, they potentially enhance IL-17A production by Th17 cells.

Sodium Alginate/Poly (Acrylicacid) Hydrogel Composite, Potential Carrier for Fibroblast Growth Factor1 (FGF1) Delivery.

Fibroblast growth factor1 is a powerful signaling molecule that plays a critical role in injury repair of diverse tissue by stimulating cell growth and angiogenesis. FGF1 has significant role in the cell fate and regulating inflammation with short half-life and poor in vivo stability. The encapsulation of the growth factor in the hydrogel led to peptide protect from the degradation and/or immune recognition and enable controlled drug delivery over a longer period of time.

Novel Metal-Organic Framework Nanoparticle for Letrozole Delivery: A New Advancement in Breast Cancer Treatment.

Water-stable metal-organic frameworks based on UIO-66@NH were synthesized to transport Letrozole into breast cancer cells. The UIO-66@NH nanoparticles had a spherical shape and triangular base pyramid morphology, with a size range of 100-200 nm. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the efficient adsorption of Letrozole on UIO-66@NH.

Tumor Organoid as a Drug Screening Platform for Cancer Research.

A number of studies have been conducted on the application of 3D models for drug discovery, drug sensitivity assessment, and drug toxicity. Most of these studies focused on disease modelling and attempted to control cellular differentiation, heterogeneity, and key physiological features to mimic organ reconstitution so that researchers could achieve an accurate response in drug evaluation. Recently, organoids have been used by various scientists due to their highly organotypic structure, which facilitates the translation from basic research to the clinic, especially in cancer research.

The β2-adrenergic receptor agonist terbutaline upregulates T helper-17 cells in a protein kinase A-dependent manner.

Background: T helper 17 (Th17) cells produce IL-17A cytokine and can exacerbate autoimmune diseases and asthma. The β2 adrenergic receptor is a g protein-coupled receptor that induces cAMP second messenger pathways. We tested the hypothesis that terbutaline, a β2-adrenergic receptor-specific agonist, promotes IL-17 secretion by memory Th17 cells in a cAMP and PKA-dependent manner.

Quantitative Analysis of Food Safety Policy-Based on Text Mining Methods.

Recently, food safety and cold chain food have been closely related to the epidemic. The party and the state have intensified efforts to solve food safety problems and prevent possible epidemic risks. China has issued a series of policies and plans to strengthen food safety supervision to improve the food safety policy system.

The protective effect of L-carnitine on testosterone synthesis pathway, and spermatogenesis in monosodium glutamate-induced rats.

Background: Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a food ingredient that is increasingly used commercially. MSG leads to oxidative stress, consequently suppressing steroid hormone production that causes defects in male reproductive system. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of L-carnitine as an antioxidant on testicular damage in MSG-induced male rats.

Improvement of Drought Tolerance by Exogenous Spermidine in Germinating Wheat ( L.) Plants Is Accompanied with Changes in Metabolite Composition.

Drought is one of the most important environmental factors reducing the yield and production of crops, including wheat. Polyamines are closely associated with plant stress tolerance. The present study investigated the mechanisms through seed germination with spermidine protecting wheat varieties from drought stress.

Light Spectral Composition Modifies Polyamine Metabolism in Young Wheat Plants.

Although light-emitting diode (LED) technology has extended the research on targeted photomorphogenic, physiological, and biochemical responses in plants, there is not enough direct information about how light affects polyamine metabolism. In this study, the effect of three spectral compositions (referred to by their most typical characteristic: blue, red, and the combination of blue and red [pink] lights) on polyamine metabolism was compared to those obtained under white light conditions at the same light intensity. Although light quality induced pronounced differences in plant morphology, pigment contents, and the expression of polyamine metabolism-related genes, endogenous polyamine levels did not differ substantially.

Evaluation of morphological traits of wheat varieties at germination stage under salinity stress.

Salinity stress is one of the major plant growth-limiting factors in agriculture. It causes ionic imbalance, thus decrease the growth and yield attributes of crops especially wheat. Seedling stage is considered as one of the most sensitive stages under salinity stress.

Geographical distribution and molecular epidemiology of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Fars Province, southern Iran.

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is one of the important zoonotic diseases in Iran, particularly in Fars Province, southern Iran. The purpose of this descriptive cross-sectional study was to investigate the molecular identification and geographical distribution of anthroponotic and zoonotic CL in southern Iran, during 2018-2019. Overall, 161 patients with CL referred to the Leishmaniasis Diagnostic Laboratory, Valfajr Health Center, Shiraz, Iran, were included in this study.

Genome-wide analysis of the polyamine oxidase gene family in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) reveals involvement in temperature stress response.

Amine oxidases (AOs) including copper containing amine oxidases (CuAOs) and FAD-dependent polyamine oxidases (PAOs) are associated with polyamine catabolism in the peroxisome, apoplast and cytoplasm and play an essential role in growth and developmental processes and response to biotic and abiotic stresses. Here, we identified PAO genes in common wheat (Triticum aestivum), T. urartu and Aegilops tauschii and reported the genome organization, evolutionary features and expression profiles of the wheat PAO genes (TaPAO).

Stevia rebaudiana extract attenuate metabolic disorders in diabetic rats via modulation of glucose transport and antioxidant signaling pathways and aquaporin-2 expression in two extrahepatic tissues.

Today, plant-based therapies have been attracted attention to overcome diabetes complications. This study was an attempt to evaluate whether antidiabetic and nephroprotective effects of Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni (SRB) can be exerted via upregulation of GLUT-4, SNAP23, and Stx4 in skeletal muscles or modulation of AQP2 mRNA expression and antioxidant signaling pathway activity (Nrf2/Keap1) in kidneys. To achieve this aim, diabetes was induced via STZ-nicotinamide (STZ-NA).

Molecular identification and subtypes distribution of Blastocystis sp. isolated from children and adolescent with cancer in Iran: evaluation of possible risk factors and clinical features.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the molecular characterization and subtype distribution of Blastocystis sp. isolated from cancer children and adolescents in Shiraz, Fars province, southwestern Iran.

Methods: Overall, 200 fecal samples obtained from cancer children and adolescents under 18 years old (107 males and 93 females) and checked by microscopy, culture, and molecular methods (PCR).

Cutaneous leishmaniasis associated with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE).

Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) is a protozoan disease caused by Leishmania spp. and is endemic in the Americas, the Mediterranean basin, Middle East, and Central Asia. There are reports regarding the co-infection of CL with other diseases, especially immune system disorders.

The protective effect of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni on serum hormone levels, key steroidogenesis enzymes, and testicular damage in testes of diabetic rats.

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a kind of metabolic endocrine diseases, which has various effects on the gonadal system. The current study aimed to examine the effect of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni extract on the mRNA expression involved in testosterone synthesis, and stereological parameters in rat testes, for improving diabetes complications. In this study, 48 rats were randomly classified into control, diabetic (streptozocin 60 mg/kg + nicotinamide 120 mg/kg), diabetic + Stevia (400 mg/kg), and diabetic + metformin (500 mg/kg) groups.

Assessment of Cannabinoids Agonist and Antagonist in Invasion Potential of K562 Cancer Cells.

Background: The prominent hallmark of malignancies is the metastatic spread of cancer cells. Recent studies have reported that the nature of invasive cells could be changed after this phenomenon, causing chemotherapy resistance. It has been demonstrated that the up-regulated expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 2/MMP-9, as a metastasis biomarker, can fortify the metastatic potential of leukemia.