Novel Approach for Evaluating the Effectiveness of Biological Drugs in Patients with Plaque Psoriasis: Real-World Experience of a Single-Centre Study in Poland.

Introduction: Biologic therapies have revolutionized psoriasis treatment, offering targeted interventions that significantly improve outcomes for patients with moderate to severe forms of the disease. In Poland, biologic treatment for psoriasis is funded through the National Health Service's B.47 program, available since 2013.

A current view of the pathogenesis and treatment of primary cutaneous diffuse large B cell lymphoma - leg type.

Primary cutaneous diffuse large B cell lymphoma, leg type (PCDLBCL-LT) is an aggressive B cell extranodal variant of lymphoma present in the skin, typically without evidence of extra cutaneous spread at the time of diagnosis. PCDLBCL-LT accounts for 20% of all primary cutaneous B cell lymphomas (CBCL) and 5% of all primary cutaneous lymphomas (PCL). It is more common in the elderly (median age 75 years).

The Relationship Between Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio, Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio, and Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index Markers and Response to Biological Therapy in Patients with Psoriasis.

Plaque psoriasis is a chronic, immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease characterized by the formation of thick, scaly plaques. The disease is driven by dysregulation of the immune response, primarily involving T-helper cells, which create a persistent inflammatory environment. In recent years, several biomarkers reflecting systemic inflammation have been identified, including indices derived from a complete blood count, such as the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII).

Demographics, Disease Characteristics, and Treatment Patterns of Patients with Plaque Psoriasis Treated with Biological Drugs: The Experience of a Single-Centre Study in Poland.

: This study is a retrospective analysis of patients with plaque psoriasis treated with biological drugs at a single center in Poland. We sought to evaluate patient demographics, disease characteristics, comorbidity burden, and treatment patterns in this cohort. : Data were collected from the medical records of patients with plaque psoriasis who received biological treatments.

Psoriasis and Lupus Erythematosus-Similarities and Differences between Two Autoimmune Diseases.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and psoriasis (Ps) are two clinically distinct diseases with different pathogenesis. However, recent studies indicate some similarities in both clinical presentation and pathogenetic mechanisms. The coexistence of both entities is very uncommon and has not been fully elucidated.

Extramedullary and extranodal manifestations in chronic lymphocytic leukemia - an update.

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL) is a common leukemia characterized by clonal expansion of mature CD5+/CD23 + B cells in the blood, bone marrow (BM) and lymphoid tissues. CLL can undergo extramedullary and extranodal infiltration, with one study noting an incidence of only 0.3 per 100,000 people, and in 17.

Primary Cutaneous CD30-Positive Lymphoproliferative Disorders-Current Therapeutic Approaches with a Focus on Brentuximab Vedotin.

One of the most common subgroups of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas is that of primary cutaneous CD30-positive lymphoproliferative disorders. The group includes lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP) and primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma (pcALCL), as well as some borderline cases. Recently, significant progress has been made in understanding the genetics and treatment of these disorders.

Leukemia Cutis-The Current View on Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment.

Leukemia cutis (LC) is defined as the leukemic infiltration of the epidermis, the dermis, and the subcutaneous tissue. Leukemia cutis may follow or occur simultaneously with the diagnosis of systemic leukemia. However, cutaneous lesions are occasionally diagnosed as the primary manifestation of leukemia.

Psoriatic Arthritis: Development, Detection and Prevention: A Scoping Review.

Psoriatic arthritis is a heterogenous chronic inflammatory disease that develops over time in some patients with psoriasis. The course of the disease is variable, with a broad clinical spectrum. The management of PsA has changed tremendously over the last decade, thanks to earlier diagnosis, a multidisciplinary approach and progress in pharmacological therapies.

Bruton's Kinase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Immunological Diseases: Current Status and Perspectives.

The use of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors has changed the management of patients with B-cell lymphoid malignancies. BTK is an important molecule that interconnects B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling. BTK inhibitors (BTKis) are classified into three categories, namely covalent irreversible inhibitors, covalent reversible inhibitors, and non-covalent reversible inhibitors.

The role of endocan and selected pro-inflammatory cytokines in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Introduction: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem inflammatory autoimmune disease with a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations. Cytokines such as interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α) are involved in its pathogenesis. Endocan is a novel marker of endothelial dysfunction and is likely to be engaged in proinflammatory processes in SLE.

Skin changes in hairy cell leukemia.

Skin lesions have been reported in about 10-12% of hairy cell leukemia (HCL) patients. Most are etiologically related to autoimmune or infectious processes, although secondary cutaneous neoplasms and drug-induced lesions are also reported. However, leukemia cutis with the direct infiltration of the skin by leukemic cells is extremely rare in HCL patients.

Methotrexate use and NAD/NADH metabolism in psoriatic keratinocytes.

Methotrexate inhibits tetrahydrofolic acid production and influences mitochondrial oxygen uptake and activity of several enzymes in the respiratory chain reactions, which utilize nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-linked (NAD-linked) substrates. Hyperproliferation of keratinocytes in psoriasis requires oxidative phosphorylation, in which the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) is an electron donor. One hypothesis links increased cellular metabolism to the increased NADH/NAD ratio; as expected, the topical application of NAD (oxidized form of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide) resulted in a clinical improvement of psoriatic lesions in one study.

Serum concentrations of IL-17A, IL-17B, IL-17E and IL-17F in patients with systemic sclerosis.

Introduction: Immune system activation, microvascular abnormalities and extracellular matrix deposition in tissues play roles in systemic sclerosis (SSc). Th17 cells producing interleukin (IL)-17 are involved in the pathogenesis of many autoimmune-mediated inflammatory diseases; however, the role of IL-17 in SSc remains unclear.

Material And Methods: The concentrations of IL-17A, IL-17B, IL-17E, and IL-17F in the serum of patients with SSc and in the healthy control group were assessed with regard to type of the disease - whether limited (lSSc) or diffuse (dSSc) - and symptoms.

Primary cutaneous CD4+ small-/medium-sized T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder: A case report.

Primary cutaneous CD4+ small-/medium-sized T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder is usually characterized by nodules and plaques affecting the upper part of the body. The present case presented with a large, single tumor located on a lower extremity. The patient did not respond to surgical therapy but responded to cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and radiotherapy.

X-linked TLR7 gene polymorphisms are associated with diverse immunological conditions but not with discoid lupus erythematosus in Polish patients.

Introduction: Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) is an important molecule involved in the development of autoimmunity and the response to different pathogens. Several polymorphisms within the gene were previously found to be associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, none of those studies investigated the promoter flanking variants rs1634318 and rs1616583.

The impact of agonists and antagonists of TLR3 and TLR9 on concentrations of IL-6, IL10 and sIL-2R in culture supernatants of peripheral blood mononuclear cells derived from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Toll-like receptors (TLR), especially TLR3, 7 and 9, play an important role in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In our study blood was collected from 16 patients with SLE and from 8 healthy volunteers. Concentrations of IL-6, IL-10 and sIL-2R were measured by ELISA in mononuclear cell culture supernatant after 24 hours of stimulation by agonists and antagonists of TLR3 and 9 (for TLR3-poli I/C, resveratrol and for TLR9-ODN2006, IRS 945).

The Role of CXC Chemokines in Pulmonary Fibrosis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients.

The inflammatory process in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) affects many organs including the lungs. CXC chemokines are suggested to play an important role in the pathogenesis of SLE and pulmonary fibrosis. To estimate the concentrations of CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of patients with and without pulmonary involvements of SLE to evaluate CXC chemokines role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis in SLE.

[Pro-angiogenic cytokines in systemic sclerosis].

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a multifactorial connective tissue disease characterized by excessive and progressive fibrosis along with microvasculopathy due to poor vascular formation and repair. Despite a general increase in many potent angiogenic factors, the vasculopathy compensatory angiogenesis and vasculogenesis are impaired. In this review, we discuss the role of proangiogenic factors--VEGF, PlGF, endoglin, PDGF, endothelin-1, angiopoietins, SDF-1, uPAR--and the paradoxical paucity of an inadequate angiogenic response in SSc.

Current Phase II antibody-drug conjugates for the treatment of lymphoid malignancies.

Introduction: Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are mAb attached to biologically active drugs through specialized chemical linkers with labile bonds. They deliver the cytotoxic agent and release it at the tumor with limited systemic exposure.

Areas Covered: In this review, the authors summarize and discuss antibody conjugates in Phase II clinical trials in lymphoid malignancies.

Expression of toll-like receptors 3, 7, and 9 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease of unknown aetiology. The results of experimental studies point to the involvement of innate immunity receptors-toll-like receptors (TLR)-in the pathogenesis of the disease. The aim of the study was to assess the expression of TLR3, 7, and 9 in the population of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and in B lymphocytes (CD19(+)), T lymphocytes (CD4(+) and CD8(+)) using flow cytometry.