CORYNE modulates Medicago truncatula inflorescence meristem branching and plays a conserved role in the regulation of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis.

The CLAVATA signaling pathway regulates plant development and plant-environment interactions. CLAVATA signaling consists of mobile, cell-type or environment-specific CLAVATA3/ESR-related (CLE) peptides, which are perceived by a receptor complex consisting of leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinases such as CLAVATA1 and receptor-like proteins such as CLAVATA2, which often functions with the pseudokinase CORYNE (CRN). CLAVATA signaling has been extensively studied in various plant species for its developmental role in meristem maintenance.

The SeqSplice multiplexed minigene splicing assay for characterization and quantitation of variant-induced and splice isoforms.

and germline variant classification is vital for clinical management of families with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer. However, clinical classification of rare variants outside of the splice donor/acceptor ±1,2-dinucleotides remains challenging, particularly for variants that induce new or cryptic splice site usage. Here, we present SeqSplice a high-throughput RNA splicing methodology utilizing barcoded minigene constructs together with a bespoke bioinformatics pipeline for identifying and quantifying the impacts for splice-altering variants.

Current and future landscape of Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors in allergy.

As an essential component of the FcεRI pathway, Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) has become a target for treating allergic diseases. Several proof-of-concept studies using early-generation compounds such as ibrutinib and acalabrutinib demonstrated the ability of short courses of BTK inhibitors (BTKis) to reduce skin test responses to allergens, suppress basophil activation responses, and even completely prevent reactivity to allergenic food ingestion in humans. While early-generation BTKis do not have acceptable adverse effect profiles for chronic administration for nononcologic indications, newer compounds in development have higher selectivity for BTK and fewer adverse effects.

Combined General/Epidural Anesthesia vs. General Anesthesia on Postoperative Cytokines: A Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background And Objectives: Local and systemic inflammation is common after surgery and is associated with morbidity and mortality. Inflammatory cytokines have been implicated in cancer metastasis following cancer surgery. The present study aimed to analyze inflammatory cytokines levels after surgery under combined epidural/general anesthesia (EA + GA) vs.

Mentoring Fellows into Career Educators through a Multispecialty Clinician-Educator Course.

Background: Subspecialty fellows are a unique group of trainees for whom there currently exist few opportunities to pursue formal training as clinician-educators, as singular fellowship programs often face significant obstacles to implementing such coursework.

Objective: To develop, implement, and assess a clinician-educator course for fellows from multiple subspecialty fellowships at a single large academic medical center.

Methods: Our course, entitled Fellow as Clinician-Educator, was initiated across numerous fellowship programs from August 2021 to April 2023 at University of California San Diego Health.

and synergistically regulate nodulation and affect arbuscular mycorrhiza in .

Two symbiotic processes, nodulation and arbuscular mycorrhiza, are primarily controlled by the plant's need for nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), respectively. Autoregulation of nodulation (AON) and autoregulation of mycorrhizal symbiosis (AOM) both negatively regulate their respective processes and share multiple components-plants that make too many nodules usually have higher arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) fungal root colonization. The protein TML (TOO MUCH LOVE) was shown to function in roots to maintain susceptibly to rhizobial infection under low N conditions and control nodule number through AON in .

Ultrafast power doppler ultrasound enables longitudinal tracking of vascular changes that correlate with immune response after radiotherapy.

While immunotherapy shows great promise in patients with triple negative breast cancer, many will not respond to treatment. Radiotherapy has the potential to prime the tumor-immune microenvironment for immunotherapy. However, predicting response is difficult due to tumor heterogeneity across patients, which necessitates personalized medicine strategies that incorporate tumor tracking into the therapeutic approach.

Beyond the Individual: A Multidisciplinary Model for Critical Thinking in the Intensive Care Unit.

Health profession educators readily identify with the goal of fostering healthcare providers who are critical thinkers focused on quality patient care. In the following paper, we aim to delve into critical thinking at the team level and help educators begin the process of creating a shared mental model focusing on cognition to identify gaps and opportunities for growth in their trainees. We will distinguish between microcognition (an individual's own critical thinking process in a controlled environment), macrocognition (critical thinking process in a real-world environment), and team cognition (the interaction and relationship among team members to augment macrocognition).

Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibition for the treatment of allergic disorders.

IgE signaling through its high-affinity receptor FcεRI is central to the pathogenesis of numerous allergic disorders. Oral inhibitors of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTKis), which are currently Food and Drug Administration-approved for treating B cell malignancies, broadly inhibit the FcεRI pathway in human mast cells and basophils, and therefore may be effective allergen-independent therapies for a variety of allergic diseases. The application of these drugs to the allergy space was previously limited by the low kinase selectivity and subsequent toxicities of early-generation compounds.

AND SYNERGISTICALLY REGULATE NODULATION AND AFFECT ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZA IN .

Two symbiotic processes, nodulation and arbuscular mycorrhiza, are primarily controlled by the plant's need for nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), respectively. Autoregulation of Nodulation (AON) and Autoregulation of Mycorrhization (AOM) both negatively regulate their respective processes and share multiple components - plants that make too many nodules usually have higher AM fungal root colonization. The protein TML (TOO MUCH LOVE) was shown to function in roots to maintain susceptibly to rhizobial infection under low N conditions and control nodule number through AON in .

Irradiated Mammary Spheroids Elucidate Mechanisms of Macrophage-Mediated Breast Cancer Recurrence.

Introduction: While most patients with triple negative breast cancer receive radiation therapy to improve outcomes, a significant subset of patients continue to experience recurrence. Macrophage infiltration into radiation-damaged sites has been shown to promote breast cancer recurrence in pre-clinical models. However, the mechanisms that drive recurrence are unknown.

Associations between season, climate, and pediatric alopecia areata flares in Providence, Rhode Island.

Patients with alopecia areata (AA) may experience episodic hair loss that follows seasonal patterns. To assess associations between seasonal variation, climate factors, and AA flare frequency in pediatric AA patients, we performed a retrospective chart review of 123 pediatric AA patients at Brown Dermatology (Providence, Rhode Island) who experienced hair loss between January 2017 and December 2019. We assessed association of seasonal variation with monthly occurrence of AA flares.

Ultrafast Power Doppler Ultrasound Enables Longitudinal Tracking of Vascular Changes that Correlate with Immune Response After Radiotherapy.

Background: While immunotherapy shows great promise in patients with triple negative breast cancer, many will not respond to treatment. Radiotherapy has the potential to prime the tumor-immune microenvironment for immunotherapy. However, predicting response is difficult due to tumor heterogeneity across patients, which necessitates personalized medicine strategies that incorporate tumor tracking into the therapeutic approach.

Bowel Obstruction from an Incidentally Ingested Foreign Body.

Small bowel obstructions are common surgical presentations that are most often caused by adhesions following abdominopelvic surgeries. However, in patients with no history of abdominal surgical interventions, assessment of the cause of a small bowel obstruction is more complex, and such patients frequently require operative intervention. We present a case of a 65-year-old man who presented with a small bowel obstruction caused by an inadvertent ingestion of a bread tag that was not identified on preoperative imaging.

Host and primary tumor factors for the development of multiple cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas among a retrospective cohort in Rhode Island.

Introduction: Risk factors for a primary cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) are well-established; however, the host and primary tumor risk factors for subsequent CSCC have not been fully explored.

Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review of patients diagnosed with CSCC in an academic dermatology clinic in Rhode Island from 2016-2019. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the associations between host factors and multiple CSCC and between primary tumor characteristics and the risk of subsequent CSCC.

Cutaneous Sporothrix globosa infection mimicking cryptococcosis in a patient with history of kidney transplant.

Sporotrichosis is a subacute-to-chronic infection caused by Sporothrix species, a dimorphic fungus. Virulence varies by Sporothrix species and presentation can be region dependent. The patient had a history of immunosuppression as a result of a kidney transplant, and presented with a high disease burden on histopathological examination, but responded well to itraconazole.

Efficacy of immunotherapy with combination of cryotherapy and topical imiquimod for treatment of Kaposi sarcoma.

Multiple treatment modalities for Kaposi sarcoma (KS) have been reported, including chemotherapy, radiation therapy, surgical excision, electrochemotherapy, and cryotherapy. Common topical treatments include timolol, imiquimod, and alitretinoin. We searched our institutional database for patients with ICD-9 or 10 codes for KS seen by a dermatologist with experience in KS management from July 1, 2004 to January 1, 2022.

Learning Outcomes in a Live Virtual versus In-Person Curriculum for Medical and Pharmacy Students.

Background: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has been a source of disruption, changing the face of medical education. In response to infection control measures at the University of California, San Diego, the hybrid in-person and recorded preclerkship curriculum was converted to a completely virtual format. The impact of this exclusive virtual teaching platform on the quality of trainee education is unknown.

Induction of natural IgE by glucocorticoids.

IgE mediates allergic responses by coating mast cell or basophil surfaces and inducing degranulation upon binding a specific allergen. IgE can also be spontaneously produced in the absence of foreign allergens; yet the origin, regulation, and functions of such "natural" IgE still remain largely unknown. Here, we find that glucocorticoids enhance the production of IgE in B cells both in vivo and ex vivo without antigenic challenge.