Assessing the performance of paediatric early warning scores to predict critical deterioration events in hospitalised children (the DETECT study): a retrospective matched case-control study.

Background: Paediatric Early Warning Scores (PEWS) enhance patient safety, by focused monitoring of vital signs to identify children at risk of deteriorating. However, there is an acknowledged need for standardisation. The aim of this study was to compare the performance of seven PEWS (Alder Hey, Bedside, Bristol, Irish, Newcastle, Scottish and the proposed National PEWS for England (v3)) utilised in clinical practice in the United Kingdom and Ireland.

Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-antibody disease (MOGAD) with leukodystrophy-like presentation.

Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-antibody disease (MOGAD) is an immune-mediated demyelinating disorder, distinct from MS, which typically affects the optic nerve, spinal cord, brain and/or brainstem. Diffuse white matter involvement that resembles a leukodystrophy has been reported only in children. We present a woman aged 29 years with new right optic neuritis on a background of previously unexplained, longstanding, bilateral, reduced visual acuity.

Insights Into the Current and Future State of AI Adoption Within Health Systems in Southeast Asia: Cross-Sectional Qualitative Study.

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) holds potential to enhance health systems worldwide. However, its implementation in health systems in Southeast Asia (SEA)-a region of diverse geopolitical and socioeconomic development-has been understudied.

Objective: This study aims to gain insights into the current state and future prospects of AI technology from participants most directly involved in its adoption across health systems in SEA whose perspectives have received limited attention in research to date.

Ultra-fast MRI for dementia diagnosis and treatment eligibility: A prospective study.

Introduction: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is crucial for dementia diagnosis and a pre-requisite for amyloid-lowering therapies in Alzheimer's disease. Despite guidelines, many patients never undergo MRI due to limited scanner availability. Shorter scan times would reduce costs and patient burden.

Procalcitonin use in febrile children attending European emergency departments: a prospective multicenter study.

Background: Studies on procalcitonin (PCT) for identifying sepsis were published as early as 1993 and since then, PCT has been the topic of over 8,500 studies. Several studies show PCT to be superior to CRP in differentiating invasive infections such as sepsis from viral infections, especially early in the disease course. However, its actual use in clinical practice is poorly documented.

Developing a behaviour change intervention using information about greenhouse gas emissions to reduce liquid antibiotic prescribing.

Introduction: The determinants of antimicrobial prescribing often involve social influence, which can be harnessed through behaviour change techniques (BCTs). While previous studies have used BCTs to address antimicrobial resistance, there is a lack of evidence regarding their application to address climate change-related issues in antibiotic prescribing. This study aimed to develop a behaviour change intervention (BCI) using information about greenhouse gas emissions to reduce liquid antibiotic prescribing.

Signs and symptoms of serious illness in infants aged up to 6 months: rapid review of clinical guidelines.

Background: There is a need to empower parents and carers of young infants to recognise signs of serious illness and to act on these appropriately. Compiling the signs and symptoms of serious illness in infants found in clinical guidelines will support the evidence-based update of the 30+-year-old content of the Baby Check App to empower parents and carers.

Objective: To systematically review clinical guidelines for signs and symptoms related to serious illness in infants aged 6 months and below.

Maternal Reports of Preterm and Sick Term Infants' Settling, Sleeping and Feeding in the 9 Months after Discharge from Neonatal Nursery: An Observational Study.

The effects of preterm birth, neonatal morbidities and environmental influences on infant sleep development is an important yet under-researched topic, with little known about normative sleep for infants born sick or preterm. The aim of this prospective, observational longitudinal study was to evaluate maternal perceptions and degree of bother with infant sleep behaviours and feeding outcomes across the first 9 months after discharge for sick/preterm infants cared for in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and for healthy term-born infants. This paper reports outcomes for the sick/preterm cohort ( = 94) that were recruited from two NICUs in Perth, Western Australia.

Quantifying the costs of hospital admission for families of children with a febrile illness in the North East of England.

Objective: To assess the financial non-medical out-of-pocket costs of hospital admissions for children with a febrile illness.

Design: Single-centre survey-based study conducted between March and November 2022.

Setting: Tertiary level children's hospital in the North East of England.

Effects of immune checkpoint inhibitor associated endocrinopathies on cancer survival.

Objectives: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are associated with immune-related adverse events (irAEs), of which endocrinopathies are common. We characterized endocrine and non-endocrine irAEs in cancer patients receiving ICIs, identified risk factors for their development and established whether endocrine and non-endocrine irAEs were differentially associated with improved cancer prognosis.

Design And Methods: Single-center, retrospective cohort study of patients with advanced or metastatic solid tumors receiving at least one ICI treatment cycle (242 men, 151 women, median age 65 years).

Biobanking and consenting to research: a qualitative thematic analysis of young people's perspectives in the North East of England.

Background: Biobanking biospecimens and consent are common practice in paediatric research. We need to explore children and young people's (CYP) knowledge and perspectives around the use of and consent to biobanking. This will ensure meaningful informed consent can be obtained and improve current consent procedures.

Emergency medical services utilisation among febrile children attending emergency departments across Europe: an observational multicentre study.

Children constitute 6-10% of all patients attending the emergency department (ED) by emergency medical services (EMS). However, discordant EMS use in children occurs in 37-61% with fever as an important risk factor. We aimed to describe EMS utilisation among febrile children attending European EDs.

Are children with prolonged fever at a higher risk for serious illness? A prospective observational study.

Objectives: To describe the characteristics and clinical outcomes of children with fever ≥5 days presenting to emergency departments (EDs).

Design: Prospective observational study.

Setting: 12 European EDs.

KidzMed e-learning to upskill student pharmacists to teach pill swallowing to children.

Background: Appropriate medication use is essential in ensuring optimal pharmacotherapeutic outcomes. It is mistakenly assumed that adults can swallow solid oral dosage forms (SODFs, e.g.

European study confirms the combination of fever and petechial rash as an important warning sign for childhood sepsis and meningitis.

Aim: This study investigated febrile children with petechial rashes who presented to European emergency departments (EDs) and investigated the role that mechanical causes played in diagnoses.

Methods: Consecutive patients with fever presenting to EDs in 11 European emergency departments in 2017-2018 were enrolled. The cause and focus of infection were identified and a detailed analysis was performed on children with petechial rashes.

Availability and use of rapid diagnostic tests for the management of acute childhood infections in Europe: A cross-sectional survey of paediatricians.

Background: Point-of-care-tests (POCTs) have been advocated to optimise care in patients with infections but their actual use varies. This study aimed to estimate the variability in the adoption of current POCTs by paediatricians across Europe, and to explore the determinants of variability.

Methods And Findings: A cross-sectional survey was conducted of hospital and primary care paediatricians, recruited through professional networks.