Disclosure Decisions of Workers Living with a Chronic Health Condition Causing Disability at Work: Are Decisions to Disclose to Co-workers and Supervisors Different?

Purpose: Individuals living with chronic physical or mental health/cognitive conditions must make decisions that are sometimes difficult about whether to disclose health information at work. This research investigated workers' decisions to not to disclose any information at work, disclosure to a supervisor only, co-workers only, or to both a supervisor and co-workers. It also examined personal, health, and work factors associated with disclosure to different groups compared to not disclosing information.

The impact of regulatory workplace safety inspections on workers' compensation claim rates.

Background: Studies on the impact of workplace safety inspections on work injuries have found mixed effectiveness. Most studies are from the United States, examining Occupational Health and Safety Administration (OSHA) regulatory inspections in manufacturing firms with more than 10 employees. This study examines whether regulatory inspections in Alberta, Canada, result in reductions in workers' compensation claims rates for inspected firms relative to comparable non-inspected firms.

The future of work in shaping the employment inclusion of young adults with disabilities: a qualitative study.

Purpose –: The world of work is changing and creating challenges and opportunities for the employment inclusion of young people with disabilities. In this article, the perceptions held by young adults with disabilities regarding participation in the future of work are examined.

Design/methodology/approach –: One-on-one interviews were conducted with Canadian young adults (ages 18-36 years) living with a disability.

Predictors of Retirement Voluntariness Using Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging Data.

Involuntary exit from the labor force can lead to poor health and well-being outcomes. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to better understand the factors that contribute to perceived retirement voluntariness. We conducted descriptive and multivariable logistic regression analyses using a sample of recent retirees ( = 2080) from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA).

Occupational health and safety regulatory interventions to improve the work environment: An evidence and gap map of effectiveness studies.

Background: Unsafe and unhealthy working conditions lead to injuries and financial losses across the globe, resulting in a need for research into effective work environment interventions.

Objectives: The objective of this evidence and gap map (EGM) is to provide an overview of existing systematic reviews and primary studies examining the effects of occupational health and safety regulatory interventions.

Search Methods: Relevant studies are identified through searches in published and unpublished literature performed up to January 2023.

Longitudinal Assessment of Labor Market Earnings Among Patients Diagnosed With Cancer in Canada.

Importance: To our knowledge, there have been no studies that estimated the short-, mid-, and long-term effects on cancer survivors' labor market earnings using administrative data.

Objective: To estimate the change in labor market earnings due to cancer diagnosis stratified by cancer type and age category.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This population-based cohort study used a retrospective analysis of Statistics Canada's administrative linkage file, which includes microdata from the 1991 Census, the Canadian Cancer Registry, mortality records, and personal income tax files.

Financial incentives to promote employment of persons with disabilities: a scoping review of when and how they work best.

Purpose: To assess the state of evidence on the use of financial incentives to employ, retain, and promote persons with disabilities.

Materials And Methods: We completed a scoping review of the peer-reviewed literature published from 1990 to 31 March 2022. Inclusion criteria were - populations with a disability; employment, retention, or promotion; and use of financial incentives targeted at employers.

A Sensibility Assessment of the Job Demands and Accommodation Planning Tool (JDAPT): A Tool to Help Workers with an Episodic Disability Plan Workplace Support.

Purpose Sensibility refers to a tool's comprehensiveness, understandability, relevance, feasibility, and length. It is used in the early development phase to begin assessing a new tool or intervention. This study examined the sensibility of the job demands and accommodation planning tool (JDAPT).

Inclusion of young people with disabilities in the future of work: forecasting workplace, labour market and community-based strategies through an online and accessible Delphi survey protocol.

Introduction: The future of work is expected to transform the nature of work, create unique employment barriers for young people living with disabilities and disrupt pathways to better health. We present a Delphi survey protocol through which we aim to obtain future-oriented strategies that can improve the accessibility and inclusion of young people with disabilities in the future of work.

Methods And Analysis: The Delphi survey will be conducted primarily online, over two rounds and in a format that is accessible to people living with disabilities.

Occupational Exposure to Wood Dust and the Burden of Nasopharynx and Sinonasal Cancer in Canada.

Background: Millions of workers around the world are exposed to wood dust, as a by-product of woodworking. Nasopharynx cancers (NPCs) and sinonasal cancers (SNCs) are two cancers that can be caused by occupational exposure to wood dust, but there is little evidence regarding their burden in Canada.

Objective: the aim of this study was to estimate the incidence and economic burden of newly diagnosed cases of NPC and SNC in 2011 in Canada, attributable to occupational exposures to wood dust.

Break-even Analysis of Respirable Crystalline Silica (RCS) Exposure Interventions in the Construction Sector.

Objective: We investigated long-term economic impacts of respirable crystalline silica (RCS) removal interventions in the construction at the societal level.

Methods: We estimated costs and benefits of two RCS exposure interventions, use of "respirators" and "wet method," over a 30-year time period. We identified economic impacts of the interventions under four different scenarios.

Cohort profile: the Ontario Life After Workplace Injury Study (OLAWIS).

Purpose: The substantial economic burden of work-related injury and illness, borne by workers, employers and social security programmes, is primarily attributed to the durations of work disability among workers whose recovery requires a period of absence from work, with the majority of costs arising from the minority of workers with the longest duration absences. The objective of the Ontario Life After Workplace Injury Study is to describe the long-term health and labour market outcomes of workers disabled by work injury or illness after they are no longer receiving benefits or services from the work disability insurance authority.

Participants: Workers disabled by a work-related injury or illness were recruited from a sample frame of disability benefit claimants with oversampling of claimants with longer benefit durations.

Fragmentation in the future of work: A horizon scan examining the impact of the changing nature of work on workers experiencing vulnerability.

Introduction: The future of work is characterized by changes that could disrupt all aspects of the nature and availability of work. Our study aims to understand how the future of work could result in conditions, which contribute to vulnerability for different groups of workers.

Methods: A horizon scan was conducted to systematically identify and synthesize diverse sources of evidence, including academic and gray literature and resources shared over social media.

The interactive process of negotiating workplace accommodations for employees with mental health conditions.

Background: Implementing workplace accommodations is an effective means of retaining employees with mental health conditions. However, the process is poorly understood and poorly documented.

Objective: The purpose of this research is to explore the interactive process of negotiating workplace accommodations from the perspective of employees with mental health conditions and workplace stakeholders.

Economic evaluation of interventions to reduce solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure among construction workers.

Solar ultraviolet radiation is one of the most common occupational carcinogens in Canada and is responsible for approximately 5,556 non-melanoma skin cancers per year. A large part of these cases are preventable by reducing solar ultraviolet radiation exposure. In this study, investigators estimated the potential economic impacts of different solar ultraviolet radiation reduction interventions among construction workers, as they are one of the largest at-risk occupational groups.

Economic burden of work injuries and diseases: a framework and application in five European Union countries.

Background: Estimates of the economic burden of work injuries and diseases can help policymakers prioritize occupational health and safety policies and interventions in order to best allocate scarce resources. Several attempts have been made to estimate these economic burdens at the national level, but most have not included a comprehensive list of cost components, and none have attempted to implement a standard approach across several countries. The aim of our study is to develop a framework for estimating the economic burden of work injuries and diseases and implement it for selected European Union countries.

Disclosure, Privacy and Workplace Accommodation of Episodic Disabilities: Organizational Perspectives on Disability Communication-Support Processes to Sustain Employment.

Purpose Employers increasingly are asked to accommodate workers living with physical and mental health conditions that cause episodic disability, where periods of wellness are punctuated by intermittent and often unpredictable activity limitations (e.g., depression, anxiety, arthritis, colitis).

A probabilistic approach for economic evaluation of occupational health and safety interventions: a case study of silica exposure reduction interventions in the construction sector.

Background: Construction workers are at a high risk of exposure to various types of hazardous substances such as crystalline silica. Though multiple studies indicate the evidence regarding the effectiveness of different silica exposure reduction interventions in the construction sector, the decisions for selecting a specific silica exposure reduction intervention are best informed by an economic evaluation. Economic evaluation of interventions is subjected to uncertainties in practice, mostly due to the lack of precise data on important variables.

Active labour market policies for people with disabilities in receipt of public income benefits: A scoping review.

Background: Active labour market policies (ALMP) are used in advanced welfare states to support transitions to work for people who are unemployed or underemployed, including people with disabilities (PWD) in receipt of means-tested disability income support.

Objective: This study explores the nature, strength, and limitations of ALMP across advanced welfare states (ALMP) for people with disabilities (PWD) in receipt of income benefits from social assistance programs.

Methods: Following the eight steps of a scoping study, we identified 21 documents through a scan of eight databases and consultation with key informants.

Impact of a Caregiver-Friendly Workplace Policies Intervention: A Prospective Economic Evaluation.

Objective: We estimate the potential cost-benefit of a caregiver-friendly workplace policies (CFWPs) educational intervention to facilitate uptake of supports for carer-employees (CEs) at a post-secondary institution.

Methods: We identified CEs through a voluntary survey and estimated the economic burden of caregiving activities from the CEs' and employer's perspective. The latter is used as the baseline of comparison for evaluating the cost-benefit of the intervention.

What do employers spend to protect the health of workers?

Objective This study aimed to estimate firm-level expenditures on occupational health and safety (OHS) for a representative sample of Canadian employers. Methods A cross-sectional survey of 334 employers with ≥20 employees in 18 economic sectors in the Ontario economy. Participants provided information on five dimensions of OHS expenditures: (i) organizational management and supervision; (ii) staff training in health and safety; (iii) personal protective equipment; (iv) professional services and, (v) estimates of the share of new capital investment that could be attributed to improved OHS performance.

Cost-benefit analysis of investment in occupational health and safety in Colombian companies.

Objective: To determine whether investment in preventive measures by a Colombian insurer reduces rates of work-related injuries and results in positive returns from these investments.

Methods: The study is based on monthly panel data of 2011-2015 of 303 medium and large companies affiliated with a private insurer in Colombia. We undertook regression modeling analysis to assess the effectiveness of incremental investments in occupational health and safety (OHS) prevention measures.

The Associations Between Falls, Fall Injuries, and Labor Market Outcomes Among U.S. Workers 65 Years and Older.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine whether falls are associated with the subsequent ability to work among workers aged 65 years and older.

Methods: This longitudinal cohort study followed older workers enrolled in the Health and Retirement Study. Outcomes included time to health-related work limitation and to labor force exit.