Conditional Survival in Patients with Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer and Pathologic Complete Response: Results from an Observational Retrospective Multicenter Long-Term Follow-Up Study.

: Patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) with pathological complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant chemo-radiotherapy (NCRT) are a privileged group because of the favorable progression of their disease. However, their follow-up patterns after surgery are similar to those of other groups with worse prognosis, with the consequent psychological and economic impact. : This is a retrospective observational multicenter study with data obtained from the Spanish Rectal Cancer Project.

Prognostic Value of Computed Tomography-Derived Muscle Density for Postoperative Complications in Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) and Non-ERAS Patients.

: Prehabilitation programs improve postoperative outcomes in vulnerable patients undergoing major surgery. However, current screening tools such as the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) may lack the sensitivity needed to identify those who would benefit most. Muscle quality assessed by Computed Tomography (CT), specifically muscle radiodensity in Hounsfield Units (HUs), has emerged as a promising alternative for risk stratification.

Mechanical bowel preparation to prevent infective complications after colon and rectal surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Introduction: Surgical site infections (SSI) represent a global health challenge, particularly in colorectal surgery, when rates can reach up to 20%. The role of mechanical bowel preparation (MBP) is still debated. A systematic review is proposed to evaluate MBP effectiveness in reducing SSI and complications after colorectal surgery.

Fascial incision shapes and paracolostomy hernia: cruciate vs. reinforced longitudinal (the "Hepworth hitch"): longcross randomized controlled trial (GECO2 STUDY).

Purpose: Primary objective was to compare the rates of parastomal hernia (PH) at 2 years after the creation of a terminal colostomy using two types of fascial incision: cross-shaped and reinforced longitudinal. Secondary objectives included the evaluation of postoperative complications, readmissions, reoperations for PH, and patients' quality of life.

Methods: This was a multicenter superiority clinical trial conducted at 5 hospitals involving patients with rectal cancer and definitive colostomy.

Routine Endoscopic Evaluation of Colorectal Anastomoses for Early Detection of Anastomotic Leakage (REAL Study): Protocol for a Multicenter Prospective Study.

Introduction: Early detection and timely treatment of anastomotic leakage (AL) following rectal surgery are crucial for improving outcomes. However, no standardized early detection pathway exists. This study evaluates a multicenter clinical care pathway integrating bedside endoscopy to reduce time to diagnose AL.

Standardizing the Definition of Each Colon Cancer Segment: Delphi Consensus on Clinical Decision-Making for Oncologic Outcomes.

Background: Data registries lack a definitive classification system that distinguishes different locations of colon cancer from one another.

Objective: To establish an international consensus on the definition of primary colon cancer segment locations.

Design: Between December 2022 and June 2023, the Delphi survey study was conducted to seek opinions from relevant international experts and eventually develop a consensus definition of each colon cancer segment.

Protective ileostomy creation after anterior resection of the rectum (PICARR): a decision-making exploring international survey.

In our previous survey of experts, surgeon's decision-making process (DMP) about protective ileostomy (PI) creation after anterior resection was investigated. Based on our previous data, a multiple choice questionnaire has been developed. The aim is to perform a quantitative analysis of the results obtained from an international survey and to describe the clinical practice worldwide.

And after surgery, what's new for the rectal cancer survivor?

Low anterior resection syndrome is a common but underestimated complication after rectal cancer surgery that significantly impacts the quality of life of the surviving patient. It is characterised by symptoms such as faecal incontinence and voiding dysfunction and affects up to 90% of patients undergoing low anterior rectal resection. The aetiology of the syndrome is multifactorial with no clear determining factor.

Quality check: concordance between two monitoring systems for postoperative organ/space-surgical site infections in rectal cancer surgery. Linkage of data from the Catalan Cancer Plan and the VINCat infection surveillance programme.

Background: The Catalan Cancer Plan (CCP) undertakes periodic audits of cancer treatment outcomes, including organ/space surgical site infections (O/S-SSI) rates, while the Catalan Healthcare-associated Infections Surveillance Programme (VINCat) carries out standardized prospective surveillance of surgical site infections (SSI) in colorectal surgery. This cohort study aimed to assess the concordance between these two monitoring systems for O/S-SSI following primary rectal cancer surgery.

Methods: The study compared O/S-SSI incidence data from CCP clinical audits versus the VINCat Programme in patients undergoing surgery for primary rectal cancer, in 2011-12 and 2015-16, in publicly funded centres in Spain.

Sacral Neuromodulation in Patients With Low Anterior Resection Syndrome: The SANLARS Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Sacral neuromodulation might be effective to palliate low anterior resection syndrome after rectal cancer surgery, but robust evidence is not available.

Objective: To assess the impact of sacral neuromodulation on low anterior resection syndrome symptoms as measured by validated scores and bowel diaries.

Design: Randomized, double-blind, 2-phased, controlled, multicenter crossover trial (NCT02517853).

Outcomes of initially nonoperative management of diverticulitis with abscess formation in immunosuppressed patients. DIPLICAB study COLLABORATIVE group.

Aim: Management of diverticulitis with abscess formation in immunosuppressed patients (IMS) remains unclear. The main objective of the study was to assess short- and long-term outcomes between IMS and immunocompetent patients (IC). The secondary aim was to identify risk factors for emergency surgery.

Impact on defecatory, urinary and sexual function after high-tie sigmoidectomy: a post-hoc analysis of a multicenter randomized controlled trial comparing extended versus standard complete mesocolon excision.

Objective: To assess the effect of high inferior mesenteric artery tie on defecatory, urinary, and sexual function after surgery for sigmoid colon cancer. Performing a sigmoidectomy poses a notable risk of causing injury to the preaortic sympathetic nerves during the high ligation of the inferior mesenteric artery, as well as to the superior hypogastric plexus during dissection at the level of the sacral promontory. Postoperative defecatory and genitourinary dysfunction after sigmoid colon resection are often underestimated and underreported.