Asia-Pacific consensus for the management of osteoporosis in men.

Unlabelled: Osteoporosis in men is an underdiagnosed and undertreated condition that leads to significant morbidity and mortality, particularly in the aging population. This consensus report provides tailored guidelines for diagnosing, preventing, and treating male osteoporosis in the Asia-Pacific region by integrating global best practices with regional adaptations.

Purpose: To establish evidence-based, region-specific guidelines for the management of male osteoporosis in the Asia-Pacific region, addressing demographic and lifestyle factors.

Blood pressure targets, medication considerations and special concerns in elderly hypertension: Focus on atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases, atrial fibrillation, heart failure, and aortic stenosis.

The management of hypertension in the elderly, particularly concerning atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and comorbidities, is crucial given its prevalence and impact on morbidity and mortality. It is important to individualize pharmacotherapy in elderly patients, including basing the dose on age-related changes in organ function and drug pharmacokinetics. In elderly patients with hypertension and ASCVD, despite slight differences among guideline recommendations, the emphasis is on achieving a systolic blood pressure (BP) < 130 mmHg.

Effectiveness of comprehensive geriatric assessment in frail older inpatients.

Background: Evidence regarding the effects of comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) on frail older inpatients is inconclusive. Moreover, various prior studies lacked proper patient selection using frailty assessment tools. Our review aimed to assess whether objectively identifying frail patients in clinical settings using a frailty tool and intervening with CGA provides clinical benefits in frail older inpatients.

The Asia-Oceania consensus: Definitions and diagnostic criteria for sarcopenic obesity.

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop consensus definitions and diagnostic criteria for sarcopenic obesity tailored to Asia-Oceania populations, a condition characterized by reduced skeletal muscle mass and function with excess adipose tissue.

Methods: Experts from various fields formed a working group under the Asia-Oceania Association for the Study of Obesity (AOASO) and the International Association of Gerontology and Geriatrics Asia/Oceania Region (IAGG-AOR). The group convened four meetings, employing the Delphi technique to achieve consensus on diagnostic criteria and management strategies for sarcopenic obesity.

Chronic Kidney Disease and Osteoarthritis: Current Understanding and Future Research Directions.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant public health concern. Osteoarthritis (OA), a common form of arthritis, has been shown to have a dramatically increased prevalence, particularly among individuals aged 40-50 and older, in the presence of CKD. Furthermore, CKD may exacerbate the progression and impact of OA.

Role of advanced glycation end-products in age-associated kidney dysfunction in naturally aging mice.

Aims: Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are implicated in the age-related decline of renal function, exacerbated by conditions, such as hyperglycemia and oxidative stress. The accumulation of AGEs in the kidneys contributes to the progressive decline in renal function observed with aging. However, the precise role and mechanisms of AGEs in the age-related decline of renal function remain unclear.

Exendin-4, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, alleviates muscular dysfunction and wasting in a streptozotocin-induced diabetic mouse model compared to metformin.

Diabetic muscular atrophy is becoming a fast-growing problem worldwide, including sarcopenia, which is associated with substantial mortality and morbidity risk. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) have been marketed and suggested to exert protective effects on not only glycemic control but also diabetic complications in diabetic patients. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic use of GLP-1RAs exendin-4, compared to antidiabetic drug metformin, for the intervention of muscular dysfunction during diabetic conditions using a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mouse model.

COVID-19 vaccination: 2023 Taiwan Association of Gerontology and Geriatrics (TAGG) consensus statements.

The COVID-19 pandemic remains challenging due to the rapid evolution of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. This article discusses recent findings on high-risk groups for COVID-19 mortality and morbidity, along with consensus statements from the 2023 Taiwan Association of Gerontology and Geriatrics (TAGG) meeting. It examines evidence on viral mutation mechanisms, emerging variants, and their implications for vaccination strategies.

Survey of awareness and attitudes to the management of fragility fractures among the membership of the Asia Pacific Orthopaedic Association.

Unlabelled: A survey of awareness and attitudes to the management of fragility fractures among the membership of the Asia Pacific Orthopaedic Association conducted in 2022 found considerable variation in care across the region. A Call to Action is proposed to improve acute care, rehabilitation and secondary fracture prevention across Asia Pacific.

Purpose: Fragility fractures impose a substantial burden on older people and their families, healthcare systems and national economies.

Osteoporosis care after hip fracture: Observation from national health insurance database and fracture liaison services.

Background: The objective of this research was to report the trend of osteoporosis care after hip fractures from usual care (UC) and to compare the quality of care with those who received fracture liaison services (FLSs).

Methods: Data on osteoporosis care for patients with hip fracture were acquired from the National Health Insurance claims (UC group), and surveys from FLS programs (FLS group). A total of 183,300 patients receiving UC and 3010 patients receiving FLS were studied.

Eleven years secular trend of the initiation of anti-osteoporosis medications and subsequent fractures in Taiwan: From 2008 to 2018.

Background: Osteoporosis is a common metabolic bone disease that benefits from many newly developed anti-osteoporosis medications (AOMs). Reimbursement policies need to allocate medical budgets properly based on evidence-based data. This study aimed to investigate the 11-year secular trend, focusing on older age and males in this adjustment wave of the National Health Insurance reimbursement.

Constraining in reimbursement criteria and the adherence to anti-osteoporosis medications (AOMs) in Taiwan: Urbanization makes the difference.

Background: The Bureau of National Health Insurance in Taiwan implemented a new reimbursement scheme incorporating bone mineral density (BMD) criteria on Jan. 1, 2011. This study aimed to investigate a real-life 11-year secular trend of adherence in new AOMs users and evaluated the change of adherence to AOMs therapy in different urbanization areas after reimbursement criteria were restrained.

Therapeutic ultrasound treatment for the prevention of chronic kidney disease-associated muscle wasting in mice.

Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) is a kind of therapeutic ultrasound. It can help improve bone fracture repair and soft tissue healing. Our previous study found that LIPUS treatment could halt the chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression in mice; unexpectedly, we observed the improvement of CKD-reduced muscle weights by LIPUS treatment.

Multimorbidity and prior falls correlate with risk of 30-day hospital readmission in aged 80+: A prospective cohort study.

Background/purpose: Thirty-day hospital readmission rate significantly raised with advanced age. The performance of existing predictive models for readmission risk remained uncertain in the oldest population. We aimed to examine the effect of geriatric conditions and multimorbidity on readmission risk among older adults aged 80 and over.

Effect of isotemporal substitution of sedentary behavior with different intensities of physical activity on the muscle function of older adults in the context of a medical center.

Background: Engaging in physical activity and reducing sedentary time in daily life may enable older individuals to maintain muscle mass. This study aimed to investigate the effects of replacing sedentary behavior with light physical activity (LPA) or moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) on the muscle function of older adults at a medical center in Taiwan.

Methods: We recruited 141 older adults (51.

Diurnal pattern of breaks in sedentary time and the physical function of older adults.

Background: The association of breaks in sedentary time with outcomes of physical function can vary according to the time of day. We examined the association of the diurnal pattern of breaks in sedentary time with physical function outcomes in older adults.

Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted among 115 older adults (≥60 years).

Clinical practice guidelines for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in Taiwan: 2022 update.

Osteoporosis greatly increases the risk of fractures. Osteoporotic fractures negatively impact quality of life, increase the burden of care, and increase mortality. Taiwan is an area with a high prevalence of osteoporosis.