Frailty impacts outcomes for all older adult age groups in emergency laparotomy.

Background: The quantitative effect of frailty on post-operative complications in older adults undergoing surgical emergencies is not well understood.

Methods: The 2013-2019ACS-NSQIP database was used to identify emergency laparotomy patients≥65 years. Frailty was measured using the modified-frailty-index-5 factors (mFI-5).

Assessing the Impact of Resident Participation in Emergency General Surgery in the Older Adult Population.

Objective: Although data concerning resident involvement in emergency general surgery (EGS) procedures is abundant, its impact on outcomes in the vulnerable older adult population has not been explored. This study aimed to assess the impact of resident involvement on postoperative outcomes in older adult patients undergoing EGS.

Design: Propensity-score matched cohort study.

The Impact of Hospital Affiliation on Hospital Transfer Practices.

Background: Affiliations between community and academic hospitals are increasing. However, their impact on transfer practices remains under-characterized.

Objectives: To understand the impacts of hospital affiliation on transfer practices and hospital resource utilization.

Surgical Infection Society Multi-Center Observational Study: Empiric Anti-Fungal Coverage after Non-Colonic Gastrointestinal Perforation.

Empiric anti-fungals are frequently administered in patients with non-colonic gastrointestinal (GI) perforations, but there is limited evidence of their benefit. We hypothesized that empiric anti-fungals would offer no clinical benefit compared with a standard course of antimicrobial therapy. This multi-center prospective cohort study included patients ≥18 years old undergoing operative management for non-colonic GI perforations across 15 centers between August 2021 and January 2024.

Rib Fixation in Severe Isolated Chest Trauma with Pulmonary Contusion: Rib fixation in pulmonary contusion.

Background: Pulmonary contusion (PC) is considered a relative contraindication to surgical stabilization of rib fractures (SSRF). This study compared outcomes in patients undergoing SSRF vs. non-operative management (NOM).

Pancreaticoduodenectomy in trauma patients with grade IV-V duodenal or pancreatic injuries: a post hoc analysis of an EAST multicenter trial.

Introduction: The utility of pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) for high-grade traumatic injuries remains unclear and data surrounding its use are limited. We hypothesized that PD does not result in improved outcomes when compared with non-PD surgical management of grade IV-V pancreaticoduodenal injuries.

Methods: This is a retrospective, multicenter analysis from 35 level 1 trauma centers from January 2010 to December 2020.

Impact of intraoperative adverse events in general and gastrointestinal surgery: A nationwide study.

Background: Intraoperative adverse events (iAEs) during general surgery can lead to significant morbidity and healthcare burden, yet their impact remains underexplored. We aimed to estimate the nationwide incidence of iAEs in general surgery and explore their associations with mortality, complications, length of stay, and costs.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the Nationwide Readmissions Database 2019 and included adult patients (aged 18 years and older) who underwent general surgical procedures.

Percutaneous and endoscopic transpapillary cholecystoduodenal stenting in acute cholecystitis-A viable long-term option in high-risk patients?

Background: The prolonged use of percutaneous cholecystostomy tubes (PCTs) in patients with acute cholecystitis, deemed inoperable, is fraught with complications. Transpapillary cholecystoduodenal stenting (TCDS) is an alternative technique that restores the physiologic outflow of bile, avoiding the need for an external drain. However, the long-term safety and efficacy of this approach remain unclear.

Validation of Artificial Intelligence-Based POTTER Calculator in Emergency General Surgery Patients Undergoing Laparotomy: Prospective, Bi-Institutional Study.

Background: The Predictive Optimal Trees in Emergency Surgery Risk (POTTER) calculator, a widely used interpretable artificial intelligence risk calculator, has been validated in population-based studies and shown to predict outcomes in patients who underwent emergency general surgery better than surgeons. We sought to prospectively validate POTTER.

Study Design: Patients undergoing an emergency exploratory laparotomy for nontrauma indications at 2 academic medical centers between June 2020 and March 2022 were included.

Lost in transition: Impact of interhospital transfer on outcomes after emergency general surgery in the older adult population.

Background: Emergency general surgery performed among patients over 65 years of age represents a particularly high-risk population. Although interhospital transfer has been linked to higher mortality in emergency general surgery patients, its impact on outcomes in the geriatric population remains uncertain. We aimed to establish the effect of interhospital transfer on postoperative outcomes in geriatric emergency general surgery patients.

Two big bones, one big decision: When to fix bilateral femur fractures.

Purpose: For polytrauma patients with bilateral femoral shaft fractures (BFSF), there is currently no consensus on the optimal timing of surgery. This study assesses the impact of early (≤ 24 h) versus delayed (>24 h) definitive fixation on clinical outcomes, especially focusing on concomitant versus staged repair. We hypothesized that early definitive fixation leads to lower mortality and morbidity rates.

Analyzing the Impact of Concomitant COVID-19 Infection on Outcomes in Trauma Patients.

Background: The impact of COVID-19 infection at the time of traumatic injury remains understudied. Previous studies demonstrate that the rate of COVID-19 vaccination among trauma patients remains lower than in the general population. This study aims to understand the impact of concomitant COVID-19 infection on outcomes in trauma patients.

The association of disability conditions with access to minimally invasive general surgery.

Background: Despite the high prevalence of disability conditions in the US, their association with access to minimally invasive surgery (MIS) remains under-characterized.

Objective: To understand the association of disability conditions with rates of MIS and describe nationwide temporal trends in MIS in patients with disability conditions.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the Nationwide Readmission Database (2016-2019).

Recreational cannabis legalization and pediatric exposures in Massachusetts, United States.

Introduction: In Massachusetts, US, medical cannabis legalisation was associated with increased paediatric cannabis exposure cases, including emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalizations. The impact of recreational cannabis legalisation (RCL) on paediatric exposures in Massachusetts has yet to be studied.

Methods: To compare the incidences before and after RCL in Massachusetts, US, we queried the data on paediatric cannabis exposure cases in 2016-2021 from the Centre for Healthcare and Analysis and Injury Surveillance Programme at the Massachusetts Department of Public Health.

Moving toward point-of-care surgery in Ukraine: testing an ultra-portable operating room in an active war zone.

Purpose: In conflict zones, providers may have to decide between delaying time-sensitive surgeries or performing operative interventions in the field, potentially subjecting patients to significant infection risks. We conducted a single-arm crossover study to assess the feasibility of using an ultraportable operating room (U-OR) for surgical procedures on a porcine cadaver abdominal traumatic injury model in an active war zone.

Methods: We enrolled participants from an ASSET-type course designed to train Ukrainian surgeons before deployment to active conflict zones.

Timing matters: Early versus late rib fixation in patients with multiple rib fractures and pulmonary contusion.

Background: Recent literature has shown that surgical stabilization of rib fractures benefits patients with rib fractures accompanied by pulmonary contusion; however, the impact of timing on surgical stabilization of rib fractures in this patient population remains unexplored. We aimed to compare early versus late surgical stabilization of rib fractures in patients with traumatic rib fractures and concurrent pulmonary contusion.

Methods: We selected all adult patients with isolated blunt chest trauma, multiple rib fractures, and pulmonary contusion undergoing early (<72 hours) versus late surgical stabilization of rib fractures (≥72 hours) using the American College of Surgeons Trauma Quality Improvement Program 2016 to 2020.

From admission to vaccination: COVID-19 vaccination patterns and their relationship with hospitalization in trauma patients.

Background: COVID-19 vaccination rates in the hospitalized trauma population are not fully characterized and may lag behind the general population. This study aimed to outline COVID-19 vaccination trends in hospitalized trauma patients and examine how hospitalization influences COVID-19 vaccination rates.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective institutional study using our trauma registry paired with the COVID-19 vaccination ENCLAVE registry.

Safety of the injectable expanding biopolymer foam for non-compressible truncal bleeding in swine.

Background: A novel hydrophobically modified chitosan (hm-chitosan) polymer has been previously shown to improve survival in a non-compressible intra-abdominal bleeding model in swine. We performed a 28-day survival study to evaluate the safety of the hm-chitosan polymer in swine.

Methods: Female Yorkshire swine (40-50 kg) were used.

Missing Narrative: Examining the Impact of Disability on Post-Operative Infectious Complications.

More than 20% of the population in the United States suffers from a disability, yet the impact of disability on post-operative outcomes remains understudied. This analysis aims to characterize post-operative infectious complications in patients with disability. This was a retrospective review of the National Readmission Database (2019) among patients undergoing common general surgery procedures.

Burden of Social and Behavioral Determinants of Health on Infectious Complications in Emergency General Surgery.

Infectious complications lead to worse post-operative outcomes and are used to compare hospital performance in pay-for-performance programs. However, the impact of social and behavioral determinants of health on infectious complication rates after emergency general surgery (EGS) remains unclear. All patients undergoing EGS in the 2019 Nationwide Readmissions Database were included.

Negative pressure wound therapy for emergency laparotomy incisions: A national database propensity matched study.

Background: Surgical site infections (SSI) are a common complication of laparotomy incisions. The role of Negative Pressure Wound Therapy (NPWT) in preventing SSIs has not yet been explored in a nationwide analysis. We aimed to evaluate the association of the prophylactic use of NPWT with SSIs in patients undergoing an emergency laparotomy procedure.