Increased loading of the lateral knee compartment in the unamputated knee during gait in people with unilateral transfemoral/through-knee amputations.

Aims: People with unilateral transfemoral/through-knee amputations (UTF) are at risk of mechanically mediated contralateral knee osteoarthritis (OA). This study aims to identify the mechanical indicators of the development and progression of unamputated knee OA in the UTF population.

Methods: Level-ground gait data were collected from 14 male traumatic UTF participants and 14 uninjured matched controls using optical motion capture systems and force plates.

Self-reported health outcomes and medical complications at 6- and 8-year follow-up after direct skeletal fixation in individuals with bilateral transfemoral amputations.

Direct skeletal fixation (DSF) involves attaching the intramedullary portion of a prosthesis directly to the skeletal residuum, providing an alternative for amputees unable to mobilise with socket-based prostheses. This study investigates the effects of DSF on physical and mental health at 6- and 8-year follow-up for military bilateral transfemoral amputees in the UK. Eight male bilateral transfemoral military amputees who underwent implantation with the Osseointegration Group of Australia-Osseointegration Prosthetic Limb prosthesis consented to participate in the study.

The biomechanical effect of different spring extension assist mechanisms in mechanical 4-bar polycentric prosthetic knees for unilateral above/through-knee amputees.

Background: Passive prosthetic knees incorporate extension assist mechanisms to enhance the swing phase of the gait cycle for persons with above/through-knee amputations. In conventional polycentric knees using a 4-bar linkage, the extension assist mechanism connects one of the bars to the body of the prosthesis. However, this design introduces a singularity in the spring action delivery, causing the spring to push the knee into flexion beyond a certain angle.

Dynamically adaptive soft metamaterial for wearable human-machine interfaces.

Our bodies continuously change their shape. Wearable devices made of hard materials, such as prosthetic limbs worn by millions of amputees every day, cannot adapt to fluctuations in the shape and volume of the body caused by daily activities, weight gain or muscle atrophy. We report a meta-material (Roliner) that is a dynamically adaptive human-machine interface for wearable devices.

A one-year follow-up case series on gait analysis and patient-reported outcomes for persons with unilateral and bilateral transfemoral amputations undergoing direct skeletal fixation.

Background: Direct skeletal fixation, a surgical technique enabling the attachment of an external prosthesis directly to the bone through a percutaneous implant, offers an enticing solution for patients with lower limb amputations facing socket-related issues. However, understanding of its impact on musculoskeletal function remains limited.

Methods: This study compares pre- and 1-year post-osseointegration surgery outcomes, focusing on patient-reported measures and musculoskeletal system function during level-ground walking.

Muscle recruitment during gait in individuals with unilateral transfemoral amputation due to trauma compared to able-bodied controls.

Individuals with transfemoral lower limb amputations walk with adapted gait. These kinetic and kinematic compensatory strategies will manifest as differences in muscle recruitment patterns. It is important to characterize these differences to understand the reduced endurance, reduced functionality, and progression of co-morbidities in this population.

Hip joint and muscle loading for persons with bilateral transfemoral/through-knee amputations: biomechanical differences between full-length articulated and foreshortened non-articulated prostheses.

Background: Currently, there is little available in-depth analysis of the biomechanical effect of different prostheses on the musculoskeletal system function and residual limb internal loading for persons with bilateral transfemoral/through-knee amputations (BTF). Commercially available prostheses for BTF include full-length articulated prostheses (microprocessor-controlled prosthetic knees with dynamic response prosthetic feet) and foreshortened non-articulated stubby prostheses. This study aims to assess and compare the BTF musculoskeletal function and loading during gait with these two types of prostheses.

Biceps Tenodesis cannot be used as primary treatment option in baseball pitchers with intact rotator cuff muscles.

Unlabelled: Background Surgeons remain hesitant to perform biceps tenodesis in athletes with type II superior labrum anterior-to-posterior tears due to the lack of reported clinical outcomes for individual overhead throwing sports and associated concerns that this may predispose the joint to instability. This study aimed to assess the effect of biceps tenodesis on shoulder stability for major overhead throwing sports to aid sport-specific surgical decision-making for athletes with type II superior labrum anterior-to-posterior tears.

Methods: This is a combined modelling and experimental study.

An Anatomical Atlas-Based Scaling Study for Quantifying Muscle and Hip Joint Contact Forces in Above and Through-Knee Amputees Using Validated Musculoskeletal Modelling.

Objective: Customisation of musculoskeletal modelling using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) significantly improves the model accuracy, but the process is time consuming and computationally intensive. This study hypothesizes that linear scaling to a lower limb amputee model with anthropometric similarity can accurately predict muscle and joint contact forces.

Methods: An MRI-based anatomical atlas, comprising 18 trans-femoral and through-knee traumatic lower limb amputee models, is developed.