Roles and occurrences of microbiota in the osmoregulatory organs, gills and gut, in marine medaka upon hypotonic stress.

Gills and gut are the two primary osmoregulatory organs in fish. Recently, studies have expanded beyond the osmoregulatory mechanisms of these organs to explore the microbiota communities inhabiting them. It is now known that microbial communities in both organs shift in response to osmotic stress.

Elucidating the ecophysiology of soybean pod-sucking stinkbug Riptortus pedestris (Hemiptera: Alydidae) based on de novo genome assembly and transcriptome analysis.

Food security is important for the ever-growing global population. Soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr.

Accurate identification of structural variations from cancer samples.

Structural variations (SVs) are commonly found in cancer genomes. They can cause gene amplification, deletion and fusion, among other functional consequences. With an average read length of hundreds of kilobases, nano-channel-based optical DNA mapping is powerful in detecting large SVs.

Machine learning prediction of hepatic steatosis using body composition parameters: A UK Biobank Study.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as the most prevalent chronic liver disease worldwide, yet detection has remained largely based on surrogate serum biomarkers, elastography or biopsy. In this study, we used a total of 2959 participants from the UK biobank cohort and established the association of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-derived body composition parameters and leveraged machine learning models to predict NAFLD. Hepatic steatosis reference was based on MRI-PDFF which has been extensively validated previously.

Insights from metabolomics and transcriptomics studies on Perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS) exposed zebrafish embryos.

Perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS) is a short-chain perfluoroalkyl substance widely used to replace the banned perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) in various industrial and household products. It can be found in the environment and human bodies; however, its potential toxicities are not well studied. Zebrafish have been extensively used as a model for studying toxicants, and currently, two studies have reported on the toxicity of PFHxS in zebrafish from different approaches.

Osmotic Gradient Is a Factor That Influences the Gill Microbiota Communities in .

The fish gill is the first tissue that is exposed to the external media and undergoes continuous osmotic challenges. Recently, our group published an article entitled "Integrated Omics Approaches Revealed the Osmotic Stress-Responsive Genes and Microbiota in Gill of Marine Medaka" in the journal mSystems (e0004722, 2022), and suggested the possible host-bacterium interaction in the fish gill during osmotic stress. The previous study was performed by the progressive fresh water transfer (i.

Hypoxia-induced epigenetic transgenerational miRNAs dysregulation involved in reproductive impairment of ovary.

Hypoxia is a potent endocrine disruptor that is posing serious problems to the fish reproductive systems. Our previous studies reported that hypoxia could cause a transgenerational impairment of ovarian development and interfere hatching success in F2 offspring of marine medaka fish (Oryzias melastigma) through epigenetic regulation. As part of the epigenetic regulation, we investigated the involvement of microRNAs (miRNAs) in hypoxia-induced transgenerational reproductive impairments.

Integrated Omics Approaches Revealed the Osmotic Stress-Responsive Genes and Microbiota in Gill of Marine Medaka.

Aquatic fishes face osmotic stress continuously, and the gill is the first tissue that senses and responds to the external osmotic challenges. However, the understandings of how the gill microbiota could respond to osmotic stress and their potential host-bacterium relationships are limited. The objectives of the current study are to identify the hypotonic responsive genes in the gill cells and profile the gill microbiota communities after fresh water transfer experiment via transcriptome sequencing and 16S rRNA gene sequencing.

Terpenes and Terpenoids in Plants: Interactions with Environment and Insects.

The interactions of plants with environment and insects are bi-directional and dynamic. Consequently, a myriad of mechanisms has evolved to engage organisms in different types of interactions. These interactions can be mediated by allelochemicals known as volatile organic compounds (VOCs) which include volatile terpenes (VTs).

A CAZyme-Rich Genome of a Taxonomically Novel Rhodophyte-Associated Carrageenolytic Marine Bacterium.

Carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) have significant biotechnological potential as agents for degradation or modification of polysaccharides/glycans. As marine macroalgae are known to be rich in various types of polysaccharides, seaweed-associated bacteria are likely to be a good source of these CAZymes. A genomics approach can be used to explore CAZyme abundance and diversity, but it can also provide deep insights into the biology of CAZyme producers and, in particular, into molecular mechanisms that mediate their interaction with their hosts.