Sarcopenia-associated factors and their bone mineral density levels in middle-aged and elderly male type 2 diabetes patients.

Background: Chronic hyperglycemia can damage the microcirculation, which impairs the function of various organs and tissues and predisposes individuals to chronic complications. Sarcopenia (SP) is the age-related decline in muscle mass and function that contributes to the sequelae of type 2 diabetes. In particular, diabetic patients are at higher risk of SP because of insulin resistance, chronic inflammation, and decreased physical activity.

Developing Gender-Specific Gene Expression Biodosimetry Using a Panel of Radiation-Responsive Genes for Determining Radiation Dose in Human Peripheral Blood.

In a large-scale radiological incident, rapid and high-throughput biodosimetry would be needed. Gene expression-based biodosimetry is a promising approach to determine the dose received after radiation exposure. We previously identified 35 candidate genes as biodosimetry markers based on a systematic review.

Effects of age and gender on the baseline and 2 Gy Co γ-ray-induced nucleoplasmic bridges frequencies in the peripheral blood lymphocytes of Chinese population.

Baseline nucleoplasmic bridges (NPB) vary widely in the general population from different regions in the same country or from different countries. The baseline NPB level in the normal Chinese population and the factors affecting the baseline and radiation-induced NPB levels have not been explored yet. The cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome assay was conducted on the peripheral blood samples of 121 healthy individuals for the baseline NPB and 52 healthy individuals for the 2 Gy γ-ray-induced NPB level.

GDF-15 gene expression alterations in human lymphoblastoid cells and peripheral blood lymphocytes following exposure to ionizing radiation.

The identification of rapid, sensitive and high‑throughput biomarkers is imperative in order to identify individuals harmed by radiation accidents, and accurately evaluate the absorbed doses of radiation. DNA microarrays have previously been used to evaluate the alterations in growth/differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) gene expression in AHH‑1 human lymphoblastoid cells, following exposure to γ‑rays. The present study aimed to characterize the relationship between the dose of ionizing radiation and the produced effects in GDF‑15 gene expression in AHH‑1 cells and human peripheral blood lymphocytes (HPBLs).

Dose response of multiple parameters for calyculin A-induced premature chromosome condensation in human peripheral blood lymphocytes exposed to high doses of cobalt-60 gamma-rays.

Many studies have investigated exposure biomarkers for high dose radiation. However, no systematic study on which biomarkers can be used in dose estimation through premature chromosome condensation (PCC) analysis has been conducted. The present study aims to screen the high-dose radiation exposure indicator in calyculin A-induced PCC.

Dose-effect relationships of nucleoplasmic bridges and complex nuclear anomalies in human peripheral lymphocytes exposed to 60Co γ-rays at a relatively low dose.

The dose effect between nucleoplasmic bridges (NPB) and relatively low doses of ionising radiation remains unknown. Accordingly, this study investigated the NPB frequencies in human peripheral blood lymphocytes exposed to low-dose (60)Co γ-rays. Complex anomalies, including fused nuclei (FUS), horse-shoe nuclei (HS) and circular nuclei (CIR), which possibly originated from multiple NPBs, were also scored.

Dose-effect of ionizing radiation-induced PIG3 gene expression alteration in human lymphoblastoid AHH-1 cells and human peripheral blood lymphocytes.

Purpose: To identify new ionizing radiation (IR)-sensitive genes and observe the dose-effect of gene expression alteration (GEA) induced by IR.

Materials And Methods: Microarray was used to screen the differentially expressed genes in human lymphoblastoid cells (AHH-1) using three doses of (60)Co γ-rays (0.5-8 Gy at 1 Gy/min).

Characteristics of nucleoplasmic bridges induced by 60Co γ-rays in human peripheral blood lymphocytes.

Few studies have shown that the yields of ionising-radiation-induced nucleoplasmic bridges (NPBs) in human cells are dose dependent. However, a dose-response curve between the NPB frequency and the absorbed dose of ionising radiation has not yet been established. This study aimed to investigate NPB frequencies in human peripheral blood lymphocytes induced by cobalt-60 (Co) γ-rays and to establish a dose-response curve.

Assessment of retrospective dose estimation, with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), of six victims previously exposed to accidental ionizing radiation.

The present study aims to evaluate the use of the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) translocation assay for retrospective dose estimation of acute accidental exposure to radiation in the past. Reciprocal translocation analysis by FISH with three whole-chromosome probes was performed on normal peripheral blood samples. Samples were irradiated with 0-5Gy (60)Co γ-rays in vitro, and dose-effect curves were established.

Cytogenetic analysis in 16-year follow-up study of a mother and fetus exposed in a radiation accident in Xinzhou, China.

In November 1992, a radiation accident occurred in Xinzhou, due to the collection by a farmer of an unused (60)Co source; 37 individuals were exposed to ionizing radiation. Three individuals died and the farmer's 19-weeks-pregnant wife suffered acute radiation symptoms. Conventional chromosome analysis, cytokinesis-block micronuclei (CBMN) assay and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) painting with three pairs of whole chromosome probes were used to analyze chromosomal aberrations for the pregnant female and her baby during the 16 years following the accident.

Identification of two novel mitochondrial DNA deletions induced by ionizing radiation.

Objective: We identify ionizing radiation-induced mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) deletions in human lymphocytes and their distribution in normal populations.

Methods: Long-range polymerase chain reactions (PCR) using two pairs of primers specific for the human mitochondrial genome were used to analyze the lymphoblastoid cell line following exposure to 10 Gy (60)Co γ-rays. Limited-condition PCR, cloning and sequencing techniques were applied to verify the mtDNA deletions detected with long-range PCR.

Role of dissection of secondary branches of splenic pedicle in portal hypertension cases undergoing splenectomy.

Background: It is well known that conventional splenectomy, which requires careful handling and ligation of tissue of the splenic hilum, can easily cause complications such as splenic fever and pancreatic fistula. Here, we use the technique of dissection of the secondary branches of the splenic pedicle to handle the hilum in the portal hypertension patients who are subjected to splenectomy.

Methods: We retrospectively compared and analyzed the complications, postoperative hospital stay, operative time, and occurrence of hemorrhage in 121 patients with portal hypertension undergoing splenectomy and devascularization of the gastric cardia from January 1999 to December 2007.

Detection of chromosome aberrations in Chinese children with autism using G-banding and BAC FISH.

Objective: To detect the characteristic chromosomal changes in Chinese children with infantile autism.

Methods: Chromosome aberrations in 68 cases of infantile autism were analyzed by high-resolution G-banding and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones.

Results: Chromosomal changes were detected in 4 cases by high-resolution G-banding: one case with t(4;6)(q23-24;p21), one case with longer p arm of chromosome 21 (21p+), and two cases with pericentric inversion of chromosome 9 (inv(9)) which was confirmed by C-banding.