Drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in West Java, Indonesia.

Tuberculosis (TB) is currently one of the leading causes of infectious disease deaths globally, and Indonesia ranks 2nd in annual TB cases, below only India. Accurate TB diagnosis and detection of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) in real-world settings are crucial for prompt treatment and surveillance. We therefore compared multiple methods for TB detection and drug resistance profiling, including a cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test (CBNAAT), line probe assay (LPA), and phenotypic drug susceptibility testing (pDST) with targeted long-read next generation sequencing (tNGS) and whole genome sequencing (WGS) on 133 patients in West Java, Indonesia.

Construction of a variable fragment (Fv)-immunoglobulin A (IgA) anti-receptor binding domain (RBD) SARS-CoV-2 library based on IgA from Indonesian COVID-19 survivors.

Despite entering the post-pandemic phase, SARS-CoV-2 remains a treatment challenge due to evolving mutations and immune evasion, leading to the emergence of antibody-resistant variants. This study aims to computationally construct a human Fv against various emerged variants of SARS-CoV-2 based on IgA sequences from Indonesian COVID-19 survivors. Survivor's saliva and plasma were purified using affinity chromatography to isolate anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgA.

Hepatitis C virus modulates signal peptide peptidase to alter host protein processing.

Immunoevasins are viral proteins that prevent antigen presentation on major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I, thus evading host immune recognition. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) evades immune surveillance to induce chronic infection; however, how HCV-infected hepatocytes affect immune cells and evade immune recognition remains unclear. Herein, we demonstrate that HCV core protein functions as an immunoevasin.

Deneddylation by SENP8 restricts hepatitis B virus propagation.

Proteins newly synthesized from messenger RNA undergo Posttranslational modifications (PTMs) such as phosphorylation, glycosylation, methylation, and ubiquitination. These PTMs have important roles in protein stability, localization, and conformation and have been reported to be involved in hepatitis B virus (HBV) propagation. Although ubiquitination plays an essential role in HBV life cycles, the involvement of ubiquitin-like proteins (UBLs) in HBV life cycles has been understudied.

Small extracellular vesicles secreted from senescent cells promote cancer cell proliferation through EphA2.

Cellular senescence prevents the proliferation of cells at risk for neoplastic transformation. However, the altered secretome of senescent cells can promote the growth of the surrounding cancer cells. Although extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as new players in intercellular communication, their role in the function of senescent cell secretome has been largely unexplored.