Interpreting the mandibular jaw movement signal in pediatric obstructive sleep apnea diagnosis: A technical and practical review.

Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common yet often underdiagnosed condition, partly due to limited access to polysomnography. Mandibular jaw movement (MJM) analysis offers a promising alternative to conventional home sleep apnea testing in children, capturing the dynamic interactions between respiratory drive and upper airway musculature, enabling accurate identification of, and critical insights into, sleep-disordered breathing events. This technical and practical review provides a structured framework for understanding and interpreting MJM signals during sleep in pediatric patients.

Research experience and career factors in relation to mental health problems: Prevalence, risk factors, and machine learning-based predictive estimates.

Background: Mental health issues, including depression, anxiety, and insomnia, are increasingly prevalent among university students and graduates, especially those involved in academic research. The impact of research-related characteristics on mental health remains underexplored.

Aim: We examined this relationship using machine learning alongside traditional statistical analyses and GIS mapping.

Childhood Asthma Biomarkers Derived from Plasma and Saliva Exosomal miRNAs.

Asthma, the most common chronic respiratory condition in children, involves airway inflammation, hyper-responsiveness, and frequent exacerbation that worsen the airflow and inflammation. Exosomes, extracellular vesicles carrying microRNAs (miRNAs), play a key role in cell communication alongside other types of communication and are promising markers of asthma severity. This study compares exosomal miRNA and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) profiles in boys with asthma, focusing on differences between those with normal lung functions and those with severe airflow obstruction.

Transcutaneous CO and O monitoring during walking with a high-flow nasal cannula in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Background: Patients with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) experience dyspnea on exertion, and require rehabilitation using physical therapy. COPD results in deoxygenation through both alveolar hypoventilation and ventilation/perfusion mismatch. In this study, we examined the time courses of transcutaneous partial pressures of CO (PtcCO) and O (PtcO) during walking in COPD patients with and without O supplementation by using a high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC).

Predictive Modeling of Comorbid Depression and Anxiety Symptoms Among Prospective University Students: A GIS-Based and Machine Learning Study.

Prospective university students are highly susceptible to mental health issues such as depression and anxiety. This study investigates the prevalence and risk factors associated with comorbid depression and anxiety suffering, integrating GIS and Machine Learning techniques to comprehensively understand their spatial distribution and predictive factors. Data from 1485 participants were collected via a cross-sectional survey, encompassing socio-demographic details, educational backgrounds, psychological factors, and geographic locations.

Prognostic Value of Obstructive Sleep Apnea And Role of CPAP Treatment in the Incidence of Hypertensive Crisis.

Study Objectives: Hypertensive crises (HC) are not usually included in studies on the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and cardiovascular diseases. Consequently, our objective is to analyze the relationship between untreated OSA, treatment with CPAP and the incidence of HC.

Methods: Prospective study of 1,021 individuals recruited for clinical suspicion of OSA.

The cardiovascular consequences of chronic sleep fragmentation: Evidence from experimental models of obstructive sleep apnea.

Sleep fragmentation (SF) and intermittent hypoxia (IH), hallmark features of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), disrupt restorative processes by inducing sympathetic activation and endothelial dysfunction, contributing to cardiovascular risk. While IH has been extensively studied, the independent effects of SF remain underexplored. This study investigated the cardiovascular impact of chronic SF in a murine model mimicking moderate-to-severe OSA.

The prevalence of nomophobia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Nomophobia (no mobile phone phobia) is a term used to describe discomfort or anxiety experienced when individuals are unable to use or access their mobile phones. Although not formally recognized in the DSM-5 or ICD-11, nomophobia has gained increasing research attention. The present study systematically reviewed and meta-analyzed the global prevalence of nomophobia, based on 43 studies (n = 36,656 participants) from 18 countries.

Immune Checkpoint Biomarkers Galectin-9 and TIM-3 Predict Melanoma and Lung Cancer Mortality in Obstructive Sleep Apnoea.

Objectives: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) has been associated with increased cancer risk and mortality, yet specific biomarkers for patient stratification remain lacking. This study explores the role of immune checkpoint biomarkers, soluble Galectin-9 (sGalectin-9) and TIM-3 (sTIM-3), in identifying OSA patients at higher risk of cancer-related mortality.

Methods: We conducted a multicohort, prospective observational study including 684 patients, with and without cancer, who underwent sleep studies.

Obstructive sleep apnea and memory impairments: Clinical characterization, treatment strategies, and mechanisms.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), is associated with dysfunction in the cardiovascular, metabolic and neurological systems. However, the relationship between OSA and memory impairment, intervention effects, and underlying pathways are not well understood. This review summarizes recent advances in the clinical characterization, treatment strategies, and mechanisms of OSA-induced memory impairments.

Exercise-induced oxyhemoglobin desaturation is an independent risk factor for sustained nocturnal hypoxemia in adults with precapillary pulmonary hypertension: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Nocturnal hypoxemia (NH) negatively impacts the prognosis of several chronic cardiopulmonary diseases.

Objectives: To assess the risk factors associated with sustained NH in adults with precapillary pulmonary hypertension (pPH).

Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed between June 2021 and June 2024.

Fetal growth disorders detection during first trimester gestation through comprehensive maternal circulating DNA profiling.

Background: Early diagnosis, close follow-up and timely delivery constitute the main elements for appropriate detection and management of Fetal Growth Disorders (FGD). We hypothesized that fetoplacental FGD-associated alterations can be detected in circulating DNA (cirDNA) samples isolated from maternal blood, as early as the first gestational trimester.

Methods: Plasma cirDNA was isolated from samples prospectively collected during first trimester gestation (n = 56).

Interplay between gut microbiota and exosome dynamics in sleep apnea.

Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is characterized by recurrent reductions or interruptions in airflow during sleep, termed hypopneas and apneas, respectively. SDB impairs sleep quality and is linked to substantive health issues including cardiovascular and metabolic disorders, as well as cognitive decline. Recent evidence suggests a link between gut microbiota (GM) composition and sleep apnea.

What will the impact be of use of tirzepatide in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)?

The SURMOUNT-OSA trial evaluated the impact of the weight loss drug tirzepatide in obese patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The primary endpoint assessed was a change in the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) after 52 weeks in individuals on the drug compared to placebo. There were robust decrements in AHI with resolution of OSA in approximately 50% of subjects.

Impact of continuous positive airway pressure therapy withdrawal in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: a randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the gold standard for managing moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). However, adherence to CPAP usage remains problematic with many patients either intermittently or permanently discontinuing CPAP use. However, the impact of CPAP therapy discontinuation remains unclear.

Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes in Gestational Hypertension for Delivery at 37 versus 38 to 40 Weeks.

This study aimed to compare neonatal and maternal outcomes for mothers with gestational hypertension delivered at 37 weeks' gestation compared with 38 to 40 weeks.Single-center, retrospective chart review of women with gestational hypertension delivered between 37 and 40 weeks' gestation over a 29-month period.A total of 337 mother-infant dyads with gestational hypertension were included: 194 delivered at 37 weeks' gestation (cohort 1) and 143 delivered at 38 to 40 weeks' gestation (cohort 2).

Exploring prevalence and factors associated with depression and anxiety symptoms among Bangladeshi graduates: a GIS-based cross-sectional study.

Depression and anxiety are common mental health issues globally, yet limited research has focused on job seekers in Bangladesh. This study examines the prevalence and associated factors of depression and anxiety symptoms among Bangladeshi graduates seeking employment. A cross-sectional study was conducted among graduates from two public universities in Bangladesh, using face-to-face interviews and a semi-structured questionnaire.

Psychometric validation of the Bangla Digital Addiction Scale for Teenagers and its associated factors among adolescents: MeLiSA study.

Background: Digital addiction among adolescents is an escalating concern with profound psychological implications, yet validated tools to measure it and studies exploring its relationship remain limited.

Aims: To validate the Bangla Digital Addiction Scale for Teenagers (Bangla DAST) and identify factors of digital addiction among Bangladeshi adolescents.

Methods: Using a two-stage stratified cluster sampling method, data from 1496 adolescents in Bangladesh were collected and analysed using non-parametric tests, Spearman correlations and multiple regression models.