Biocompatible silicomolybdic acid-promoted one-pot expeditious synthesis of 1,2,3--triazoles.

The present work describes a new and practical approach for the one-pot preparation of 4-aryl--1,2,3-triazoles and 4-glycosyl--1,2,3-triazoles from a multicomponent reaction involving aldehydes, nitroalkanes, and sodium azide in the presence of 5 mol% of silicomolybdic acid (SMA) as a versatile and biocompatible catalyst. One-pot sequential formation of C-C and C-N bonds, high reaction yield, biocompatible nature of catalyst, easy handling, and broad substrate scope of 1,2,3-triazoles are the notable advantages of the present protocol.

Recent development on stereoselective intramolecular O-glycosylation methodology.

Carbohydrates are increasingly recognized for their versatility as scaffolds in biological, pharmaceutical and biotechnological applications, due to their structural diversity, biocompatibility, hydrophilicity, low toxicity, bioavailability, and excellent ADME properties. The important role of carbohydrates in biological systems deepens, the demand for well-defined and anomerically pure carbohydrates in biomedical research has surged. Chemical synthesis remains the most viable method to meet this demand, despite the inherent challenges in glycosylation reactions.

A Study of Small and Large Bowel Wall Thickness Using Computed Tomography and Its Histopathological Correlation.

Background: Small bowel imaging presents significant challenges due to the bowel's length, narrow caliber, and complex looping. Accurate diagnosis of gastrointestinal disorders often requires detailed imaging to differentiate various pathologies, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), infections, ischemic conditions, and neoplasms.

Introduction: The small bowel plays a crucial role in digestion and absorption and is susceptible to various pathologies.

HFIP-Mediated Synthesis of 4-Aryl--1,2,3-Triazoles and 1,5-Disubstituted 1,2,3-Triazolyl Glycoconjugates.

We herein report a multicomponent reaction for the synthesis of -unsubstituted-1,2,3-triazoles and -substituted-1,2,3 triazoles from the reaction of aldehydes, nitroalkanes, and sodium azides/glycosyl azides in the presence of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropanol, a hydrogen bond-donating reaction medium. This three-component reaction provides a metal-free strategy for sequentially forming one C-C and two C-N bonds in a one-pot fashion. One-pot mild reaction condition, operational simplicity, wide substrate scope, good functional group tolerance, easy purification, high reaction yields, and altogether excellent regioselectivity are the notable advantages of this 1,2,3-triazole-forming protocol.

A novel humanized mouse model for HIV and tuberculosis co-infection studies.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB), caused by (), continues to be a major public health problem worldwide. The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is another equally important life-threatening pathogen. HIV infection decreases CD4+ T cell levels markedly increasing co-infections.

A Novel Humanized Mouse Model for HIV and Tuberculosis Co-infection Studies.

Tuberculosis (TB), caused by (), continues to be a major public health problem worldwide. The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is another equally important life-threatening pathogen. Further, co-infections with HIV and have severe effects in the host, with people infected with HIV being fifteen to twenty-one times more likely to develop active TB.

Bacteriophage therapy for the treatment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections in humanized mice.

The continuing emergence of new strains of antibiotic-resistant bacteria has renewed interest in phage therapy; however, there has been limited progress in applying phage therapy to multi-drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infections. In this study, we show that bacteriophage strains D29 and DS6A can efficiently lyse Mtb H37Rv in 7H10 agar plates. However, only phage DS6A efficiently kills H37Rv in liquid culture and in Mtb-infected human primary macrophages.

Development of a human glioblastoma model using humanized DRAG mice for immunotherapy.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and lethal primary brain tumor. The development of alternative humanized mouse models with fully functional human immune cells will potentially accelerate the progress of GBM immunotherapy. We successfully generated humanized DRAG (NOD.

HIV-Differentiated Metabolite N-Acetyl-L-Alanine Dysregulates Human Natural Killer Cell Responses to Infection.

() has latently infected over two billion people worldwide (LTBI) and caused ~1.6 million deaths in 2021. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection with Mtb will affect the Mtb progression and increase the risk of developing active tuberculosis by 10-20 times compared with HIV- LTBI+ patients.

HIV-differentiated metabolite N-Acetyl-L-Alanine dysregulates human natural killer cell responses to infection.

Background: ( ) has latently infected over two billion people worldwide (LTBI) and causes 1.8 million deaths each year. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection with Mtb will affect the Mtb progression and increase the risk of developing active tuberculosis by 10-20 times compared to the HIV-LTBI+ patients.

Development of a human glioblastoma model using humanized DRAG mice for immunotherapy.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and lethal primary brain tumor with high mortality rates and a short median survival rate of about 15 months despite intensive multimodal treatment of maximal surgical resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Although immunotherapies have been successful in the treatment of various cancers, disappointing results from clinical trials for GBM immunotherapy represent our incomplete understanding. The development of alternative humanized mouse models with fully functional human immune cells will potentially accelerate the progress of GBM immunotherapy.

Bacteriophage therapy for the treatment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections in humanized mice.

The continuing emergence of new strains of antibiotic-resistant bacteria has renewed interest in phage therapy; however, there has been limited progress in applying phage therapy to multi-drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infections. In this study, we tested three bacteriophage strains for their Mtb-killing activities and found that two of them efficiently lysed Mtb H37Rv in 7H10 agar plates. However, only phage DS6A efficiently killed H37Rv in liquid culture and in Mtb-infected human primary macrophages.

Comparative Evaluation of Multidetector Computed Tomography and Dual-Energy Computed Tomography Findings in Gastrointestinal Tuberculosis.

Aim: To compare multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) and dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) imaging findings in gastrointestinal (GI) tuberculosis.

Objective: To study imaging findings of MDCT and DECT in GI tuberculosis.

Methodology: All the patients falling in the sampling frame and fulfilling the eligibility criteria were clinically examined and demographic details, presenting complaints, medical history, history of anti-tubercular treatment (ATT) intake, personal habits, and family history of tuberculosis were noted.

Evaluation of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in molecular subtypes of an Indian cohort of breast cancer patients.

Objectives: Evaluation of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) distribution in an Indian cohort of breast cancer patients for its prognostic significance.

Methods: A retrospective cohort of breast cancer patients from a single onco-surgeon's breast cancer clinic with a uniform treatment strategy was evaluated for TILs. Tumor sections were H&E stained and scored for the spatial distribution and percent stromal TILs infiltration by a certified pathologist.

Cancer Patient Management during COVID-19 Pandemic: An Audit of a Single-Surgeon Unit in a COVID-Hotspot.

The report evaluates the effect of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic on breast cancer treatment and management at a single-surgeon cancer care unit in one of the hotspots of COVID-19 in India. In response to the pandemic, the adjustments were made in the clinical practice to accommodate social distancing. Patient consultations were done over phone call or in-clinic visit with prior appointment to reduce the risk of exposure to COVID-19.

Nanostructured lipid carrier to overcome stratum corneum barrier for the delivery of agomelatine in rat brain; formula optimization, characterization and brain distribution study.

The current work attempted to achieve bypassed hepatic metabolism, controlled release, and boosted brain distribution of agomelatine by loading in NLC and administering via transdermal route. Agomelatine-loaded NLC (AG-NLC) was fabricated employing melt-emulsification technique and optimized using central composite design. The optimized AG-NLC had 183.

Poloxamer-407 thickened lipid colloidal system of agomelatine for brain targeting: Characterization, brain pharmacokinetic study and behavioral study on Wistar rats.

The current study was designed to enhance the brain bioavailability and to extract maximum therapeutic benefit from a novel antidepressant drug, agomelatine. For this purpose, a thermoresponsive in situ gel was prepared by dissolving 20% w/v of Poloxamer-407 in agomelatine containing nanoemulsion. To impart mucoadhesive property, 0.