Association of HLA Mismatch With Adverse Cardiovascular Events Following Lung Transplantation: A Single-Center Study.

Aims: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a frequent comorbidity in lung transplant (LuTx) candidates. The impact of allogenic organ transplantation and the corresponding alterations in immune response on the progression of CAD remains poorly understood. In this study, we sought to analyze the effect of donor-recipient overall human leukocyte antigen (HLA) and HLA-DQ mismatch on cardiovascular outcomes following LuTx.

Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia in Patients Suffering Cardiogenic Shock.

Objectives: Cardiogenic shock (CS) is associated with high mortality. Patients treated for CS mostly require heparin therapy, which may be associated with complications such as heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). HIT represents a serious condition associated with platelet decline and increased hypercoagulability and remains a poorly researched field in intensive care medicine.

The role of coronary artery disease in lung transplantation: a propensity-matched analysis.

Background And Aims: Candidate selection for lung transplantation (LuTx) is pivotal to ensure individual patient benefit as well as optimal donor organ allocation. The impact of coronary artery disease (CAD) on post-transplant outcomes remains controversial. We provide comprehensive data on the relevance of CAD for short- and long-term outcomes following LuTx and identify risk factors for mortality.

A contemporary training concept in critical care cardiology.

Critical care cardiology (CCC) in the modern era is shaped by a multitude of innovative treatment options and an increasingly complex, ageing patient population. Generating high-quality evidence for novel interventions and devices in an intensive care setting is exceptionally challenging. As a result, formulating the best possible therapeutic approach continues to rely predominantly on expert opinion and local standard operating procedures.

Luminal breast cancer identity is determined by loss of glucocorticoid receptor activity.

Glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is a transcription factor that plays a crucial role in cancer biology. In this study, we utilized an in silico-designed GR activity signature to demonstrate that GR relates to the proliferative capacity of numerous primary cancer types. In breast cancer, the GR activity status determines luminal subtype identity and has implications for patient outcomes.

Performance of tumour microenvironment deconvolution methods in breast cancer using single-cell simulated bulk mixtures.

Cells within the tumour microenvironment (TME) can impact tumour development and influence treatment response. Computational approaches have been developed to deconvolve the TME from bulk RNA-seq. Using scRNA-seq profiling from breast tumours we simulate thousands of bulk mixtures, representing tumour purities and cell lineages, to compare the performance of nine TME deconvolution methods (BayesPrism, Scaden, CIBERSORTx, MuSiC, DWLS, hspe, CPM, Bisque, and EPIC).

Dual ProGlide versus ProGlide and FemoSeal for vascular access haemostasis after transcatheter aortic valve implantation.

Background: Large-bore arteriotomy for transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) requires percutaneous vascular closure devices, but real-world data comparing different closure strategies are limited.

Aims: We sought to compare a dual ProGlide strategy vs a combination of one ProGlide and one FemoSeal for vascular closure after TAVI.

Methods: We retrospectively analysed 874 propensity score-matched patients undergoing TAVI at the Munich University Hospital from August 2018 to October 2020.

TAVI Under Pressure: Intra-balloon Pressure Profiles During Balloon-Expandable TAVR-First Data from a Feasibility Study.

Our study investigated the feasibility to measure pressure profiles inside the inflation balloon during direct implantation of Edwards Sapien 3 ultra-prostheses using an additional syringe with a digital pressure read-out. Pressure profiles of 15 patients for 26 mm valve size were analyzed. Uniform patterns were found for 5 patients similar to those of previously acquired in vitro curves.

Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement with the Self-Expandable Core Valve Evolut Prosthesis Using the Cusp-Overlap vs. Tricusp-View.

Despite the rapid increase in experience and technological improvement, the incidence of conduction disturbances in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) with the self-expandable CoreValve Evolut valve remains high. Recently, a cusp-overlap view (COP) implantation technique has been proposed for TAVR with self-expandable valves offering an improved visualization during valve expansion compared to the three-cusp view (TCV). This study aims to systematically analyze procedural outcomes of TAVR patients treated with the CoreValve Evolut valve using a COP compared to TCV in a high-volume center.

Spatial deconvolution of HER2-positive breast cancer delineates tumor-associated cell type interactions.

In the past decades, transcriptomic studies have revolutionized cancer treatment and diagnosis. However, tumor sequencing strategies typically result in loss of spatial information, critical to understand cell interactions and their functional relevance. To address this, we investigate spatial gene expression in HER2-positive breast tumors using Spatial Transcriptomics technology.

A single-cell and spatially resolved atlas of human breast cancers.

Breast cancers are complex cellular ecosystems where heterotypic interactions play central roles in disease progression and response to therapy. However, our knowledge of their cellular composition and organization is limited. Here we present a single-cell and spatially resolved transcriptomics analysis of human breast cancers.

Cryopreservation of human cancers conserves tumour heterogeneity for single-cell multi-omics analysis.

Background: High throughput single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq) has emerged as a powerful tool for exploring cellular heterogeneity among complex human cancers. scRNA-Seq studies using fresh human surgical tissue are logistically difficult, preclude histopathological triage of samples, and limit the ability to perform batch processing. This hindrance can often introduce technical biases when integrating patient datasets and increase experimental costs.

Single-cell transcriptomics reveals involution mimicry during the specification of the basal breast cancer subtype.

Basal breast cancer is associated with younger age, early relapse, and a high mortality rate. Here, we use unbiased droplet-based single-cell RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to elucidate the cellular basis of tumor progression during the specification of the basal breast cancer subtype from the luminal progenitor population in the MMTV-PyMT (mouse mammary tumor virus-polyoma middle tumor-antigen) mammary tumor model. We find that basal-like cancer cells resemble the alveolar lineage that is specified upon pregnancy and encompass the acquisition of an aberrant post-lactation developmental program of involution that triggers remodeling of the tumor microenvironment and metastatic dissemination.

Inhibitor of Differentiation 4 (ID4) represses mammary myoepithelial differentiation via inhibition of HEB.

Inhibitor of differentiation (ID) proteins dimerize with basic HLH (bHLH) transcription factors, repressing transcription of lineage-specification genes across diverse cellular lineages. ID4 is a key regulator of mammary stem cells; however, the mechanism by which it achieves this is unclear. Here, we show that ID4 has a cell autonomous role in preventing myoepithelial differentiation of basal cells in mammary organoids and .

Targeting the Id1-Kif11 Axis in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Using Combination Therapy.

The basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors inhibitor of differentiation 1 () and inhibitor of differentiation 3 (referred to as ) have an important role in maintaining the cancer stem cell (CSC) phenotype in the triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtype. In this study, we aimed to understand the molecular mechanism underlying control of CSC phenotype and exploit it for therapeutic purposes. We used two different TNBC tumor models marked by either depletion or expression in order to identify targets using a combinatorial analysis of RNA sequencing and microarray data.

Stromal cell diversity associated with immune evasion in human triple-negative breast cancer.

The tumour stroma regulates nearly all stages of carcinogenesis. Stromal heterogeneity in human triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) remains poorly understood, limiting the development of stromal-targeted therapies. Single-cell RNA sequencing of five TNBCs revealed two cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) and two perivascular-like (PVL) subpopulations.

Id Proteins Promote a Cancer Stem Cell Phenotype in Mouse Models of Triple Negative Breast Cancer via Negative Regulation of Robo1.

Breast cancers display phenotypic and functional heterogeneity and several lines of evidence support the existence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in certain breast cancers, a minor population of cells capable of tumor initiation and metastatic dissemination. Identifying factors that regulate the CSC phenotype is therefore important for developing strategies to treat metastatic disease. The Inhibitor of Differentiation Protein 1 (Id1) and its closely related family member Inhibitor of Differentiation 3 (Id3) (collectively termed Id) are expressed by a diversity of stem cells and are required for metastatic dissemination in experimental models of breast cancer.

Proteogenomic analysis of Inhibitor of Differentiation 4 (ID4) in basal-like breast cancer.

Background: Basal-like breast cancer (BLBC) is a poorly characterised, heterogeneous disease. Patients are diagnosed with aggressive, high-grade tumours and often relapse with chemotherapy resistance. Detailed understanding of the molecular underpinnings of this disease is essential to the development of personalised therapeutic strategies.