Publications by authors named "Daniel Gallant"
Translocation renal cell carcinoma (tRCC) is an aggressive subtype of kidney cancer driven by TFE3 gene fusions, which act via poorly characterized downstream mechanisms. Here we report that TFE3 fusions transcriptionally rewire tRCCs toward oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), contrasting with the highly glycolytic nature of most other renal cancers. Reliance on this TFE3 fusion-driven OXPHOS programme renders tRCCs vulnerable to NADH reductive stress, a metabolic stress induced by an imbalance of reducing equivalents.
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- Xp11 translocation renal cell carcinoma (tRCC) is a rare cancer that mostly affects females and is caused by a fusion of the TFE3 gene on chromosome X with other genes.
- The study explores how TFE3 fusions occur through rearrangements and whether these fusions arise from the active or inactive X chromosomes, shedding light on tRCC's female predominance.
- Findings show that TFE3 fusions are typically due to reciprocal translocations and that specific translocations involving the inactive X chromosome contribute to the higher incidence of tRCC in females, revealing important insights into cancer genetics and sex differences.
Translocation renal cell carcinoma (tRCC) is an aggressive subtype of kidney cancer driven by gene fusions, which act via poorly characterized downstream mechanisms. Here we report that TFE3 fusions transcriptionally rewire tRCCs toward oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), contrasting with the highly glycolytic metabolism of most other renal cancers. This TFE3 fusion-driven OXPHOS program, together with heightened glutathione levels found in renal cancers, renders tRCCs sensitive to reductive stress - a metabolic stress state induced by an imbalance of reducing equivalents.
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- Xp11 translocation renal cell carcinoma (tRCC) is a type of kidney cancer that mostly affects females, caused by genetic rearrangements on the X chromosome.
- The study investigates how these genetic fusions occur, focusing on whether they emerge from active or inactive X chromosomes in females and their link to the female predominance in this cancer.
- The findings reveal a significant 2:1 ratio of female to male fusions resulting from X:autosomal translocations, suggesting that inactive X chromosomes contribute to this female bias in tRCC and highlight the unique role of sex chromosomes in cancer development.
Androgen receptor (AR) signaling is the central driver of prostate cancer across disease states. While androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is effective in the initial treatment of prostate cancer, resistance to ADT or to next-generation androgen pathway inhibitors invariably arises, most commonly through the re-activation of the AR axis. Thus, orthogonal approaches to inhibit AR signaling in advanced prostate cancer are essential.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe poleward range shift of the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) > 1,700 km into the Arctic is one of the most remarkable distribution changes of the early twentieth century. While this expansion threatens a smaller arctic ecological equivalent, the arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus), the case became a textbook example of climate-driven range shifts. We tested this classical climate change hypothesis linked to an important range shift which has attracted little research thus far.
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- PrEP (Pre-exposure prophylaxis) is a highly effective HIV prevention method using anti-retroviral therapy, specifically aimed at individuals at high risk, with the potential to reduce local HIV incidence by 25% overall and 30% among gay and bisexual men.
- The PrEPX study in Victoria, Australia intends to provide generic PrEP to 3,800 individuals over 36 months, involving regular health screenings and data collection to monitor its effectiveness and participant behavior.
- Important insights gained from this study will inform future PrEP implementation strategies and potentially influence policy regarding subsidized access to PrEP medications in Australia.