Copper-Catalyzed Electrophilic Amination of Aryl and Pyridylzinc Pivalates Mediated by N-Based Hypervalent Iodine(III) Reagents.

We describe a new Cu-catalyzed electrophilic amination of rapidly prepared, air-stable polyfunctional organozinc compounds using hypervalent iodine reagents bearing transferable aryl/alkyl amines. A wide range of aryl, heteroaryl, and alkyl amines were prepared. The mechanism of the reaction was investigated using density functional theory calculations.

Evolutionary dynamics of recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma under divergent immune selection pressures.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly lethal, aggressive malignancy. Little is known about the evolutionary trajectories of HCC and how clinical decision-making could be informed based on biopsies of the initial tumour. Here, we report the whole-exome sequencing of a unique series of resected HCC tumours and matched recurrences.

The complete mitochondrion genome of the Hoge's Side-necked turtle Ranacephala hogei (Chelidae), a critically endangered species from South America.

The Hogei's side-necked turtle, Ranacephala hogei, an endemic species of the Southern Paraíba basin, is the most endangered species of chelonians in Brazil. Here, we sequenced, assembled and described the complete mitogenome for R. hogei.

Insights on nanomaterials-fungi interactions: probing engineering principles for developing antifungal nanomedicines.

Fungal infections are a growing healthcare concern worldwide. Aspergillus, Candida and Cryptococcus are considered the most important genera of human pathogenic fungi and treatment of their infections is often challenging. The limited efficacy of available antifungal drugs is largely associated with toxicity and the rising rates of resistance.

Advanced biomaterial strategies for overcoming age-associated wound healing impairments.

Dermal wounds represent a substantial global healthcare burden, with significant economic impact and reduced quality of life for affected individuals. As skin ages, the wound healing capacity is significantly diminished through multiple pathways, including reduced cellular proliferation, altered inflammatory responses, impaired vascularization, and decreased extracellular matrix production. With worldwide demographics shifting toward an older population, effective wound management has become an increasingly critical healthcare challenge.

Lung cancer screening in limited resource regions: the 3rd Brazilian Early Lung Cancer Trial (BRELT3/mobile ProPulmão).

Aims: To describe tomographic findings in a high-risk lung cancer population in resource-limited Brazilian areas, quantify pulmonary nodules and lung cancer frequency, analyze challenges in lung cancer screening within the Brazilian public health system, assess lung function in individuals with moderate or severe emphysema, and evaluate the role of community health agents in recruiting high-risk populations.

Methods: This is a prospective, single-arm, longitudinal observational study involving individuals aged 50-80 years, current or former smokers with a smoking history of at least 20 pack-years, undergoing low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) with a 12-month follow-up. Screening results are classified according to Lung-RADS v2022 standards, with those rated as 3 or 4 undergoing further diagnostic assessments.

A Novel Skeletal Dysplasia With Premaxilla Overgrowth, Gingival Hyperplasia, and Dental Hypercementosis.

This study reports a skeletal disorder marked by facial dysmorphism and a distinct oro-dental phenotype including premaxillary and gingival overgrowth and hypercementosis. Whole-exome sequencing identified a homozygous missense variant in ENPP5 (c.173G>T; p.

Safeguarding Patients, Relatives, and Nurses: A Screening Approach for Detecting 5-FU Residues on Elastomeric Infusion Pumps Using HPLC-DAD.

The leakage of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) from elastomeric infusion pumps used in cancer therapy poses a potential risk of unintentional exposure to multiple individuals, including patients' relatives and healthcare professionals, and may also compromise the accurate administration of 5-FU dosages to patients. This study aimed to develop, validate, and apply an analytical method to detect and quantify 5-FU residues on the external surfaces of infusion pumps. A high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection (HPLC-DAD) method was optimized for the quantification of 5-FU contamination across different components of the infusion pump, including the hard casing, infusion tubing, and catheter connection port.

Microfluidic On-Chip Assay for Quantifying Blastoid Adhesion to Endometrial Epithelium.

The ability of the endometrium to accept and support embryo implantation is crucial, but factors influencing this process remain elusive. This method aims to obtain precise quantitative information on factors causally affecting the initial stages of embryo implantation. We developed a personalized implantation-on-chip platform using in vitro models of the endometrium (organoids) and the embryo (blastoids) to quantify functional embryo attachment.

Disease profile in a cohort of Brazilian patients diagnosed with alpha-mannosidosis.

Alpha-mannosidosis (AM) is an ultrarare multisystemic disorder caused by alpha-mannosidase deficiency. This is the first comprehensive report on AM in Brazil, analyzing clinical and laboratory data from 14 patients diagnosed between 2001 and 2021. We summarize the patient diagnostic journey in the country, including the most common presenting symptoms, the time from disease onset to diagnosis and discuss other disease manifestations.

Lipid-lowering prescription patterns after a non-fatal acute coronary syndrome: A retrospective cohort study.

Background: After an acute atherosclerotic cardiovascular event, high-intensity lipid-lowering therapy (LLT) is needed to reduce recurrence risk. This study aimed to describe LLT prescription patterns and LDL-C levels change after non-fatal acute coronary syndrome (ACS) events and to determine if the recommended goals for LDL-C levels were achieved.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study using electronic health records (EHR) of Unidade Local de Saúde de Matosinhos between 2015 and 2023.

Antifungal resistance in yeasts from One Health perspective: A Brazilian study.

Environmental exposure to fungicides can induce cross-resistance in filamentous fungi, but little is known about their effects on medically important yeasts. This multicenter study investigated the resistance in Candida isolated from different sources and evaluated the influence of clinical and environmental antifungals. Different yeasts were collected from patients, hospital environments, swine, poultry and their surroundings in four different states of Brazil.

Effects of a Self-Management Program on Adults with Stroke: A Quasi-Experimental Study.

Background: Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability, underscoring the importance of effective self-management programs to improve the quality of life for survivors.

Objectives: This study investigates the impact of the ComVida (Bridges-PT) self-management program on self-efficacy, physical function, health-related quality of life, and emotional state of stroke survivors in Portugal.

Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted with 28 participants from hospital and community settings.

The natural history of variable subtypes in pediatric-onset TUBB4A-related leukodystrophy.

We establish the natural history of pediatric-onset TUBB4A-related leukodystrophy to improve clinical trial readiness through a medical record-based longitudinal study. An international cohort of 216 individuals with pediatric-onset TUBB4A-related leukodystrophy was included. Demographic information and medical events were extracted from medical records or publications.

Chronic Viral Mimicry Induction following p53 Loss Promotes Immune Evasion.

Our landmark discovery of viral mimicry characterized repetitive elements as immunogenic stimuli that cull cancer cells. If expressed repetitive elements cull cancer cells, why does every human cancer express repetitive elements? Our report offers an exciting advancement toward understanding this paradox and how to exploit this mechanism for cancer interception. See related commentary by Murayama and Cañadas, p.

Evaluation of Performance and Longevity of Ti-Cu Dry Electrodes: Degradation Analysis Using Anodic Stripping Voltammetry.

This study aimed to investigate the degradation of dry biopotential electrodes using the anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) technique. The electrodes were based on Ti-Cu thin films deposited on different polymeric substrates (polyurethane, polylactic acid, and cellulose) by Direct Current (DC) magnetron sputtering. TiCu thin films (chemical composition of 25.

Viral mimicry evasion: a new role for oncogenic KRAS mutations.

"Viral mimicry" refers to the induction of an innate immune response and interferon signaling by endogenous stimuli such as double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). This response has been shown to have strong cancer therapeutic potential, including by enhancing the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) therapies, and may represent a tumor suppression mechanism that needs to be overcome for malignant transformation to proceed. In a recent study, Zhou and colleagues identify KRAS, a frequently mutated oncogene, as a negative regulator of dsRNA and viral mimicry in an ICI-resistant colorectal cancer model.

Cancer cells restrict immunogenicity of retrotransposon expression via distinct mechanisms.

To thrive, cancer cells must navigate acute inflammatory signaling accompanying oncogenic transformation, such as via overexpression of repeat elements. We examined the relationship between immunostimulatory repeat expression, tumor evolution, and the tumor-immune microenvironment. Integration of multimodal data from a cohort of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients revealed expression of specific Alu repeats predicted to form double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) and trigger retinoic-acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like-receptor (RLR)-associated type-I interferon (IFN) signaling.

Pollution control and biodiesel production with microalgae: new perspectives on the use of flat panel photobioreactors regarding variation in volume application rate.

In the present study, the microalga Arthrospira platensis DHR 20 was cultivated in vertical flat-plate photobioreactors (FPBRs) to bioremediate anaerobically digested cattle wastewater (ACWW) and used as a growth substrate. The final objective was to evaluate the properties of the oil extracted from this biomass to determine its potential for biodiesel production. The process was divided into five phases, varying the volume of the applied substrate: 1 L (Phase I), 5 L (Phase II), 10 L (Phase III), 15 L (Phase IV), and 20 L (Phase V).

Characterization of Bipolaris bicolor germination: effects of a physical factor on fungal adaptability.

Studies on physiological responses to stimuli from physical factors are essential for understanding the dynamics of the microorganisms and higly important for the management of plant diseases. Besides, the development of an epidemiological model for pathogen populations requires studying their physiological responses to physical stimuli. The objective of this study was to evaluate the germination dynamics of spores from six isolates of Bipolaris bicolor under effects of light at 25 °C.

Electrooxidative C(sp)-H Cyanation of Sparteine and Lupanine in Undivided Batch and Continuous-Flow Cells.

Sparteine is widely used as a chiral ligand in asymmetric synthesis, but methods for providing efficient access to functionalized sparteine derivatives are still limited. Herein, we describe an electrochemical α-cyanation of sparteine-type bis-quinolizidine alkaloids. This method features commercially available setups for batch and single-pass continuous flow conditions, enabling easy gram scale synthesis of valuable racemic and enantiopure products.

In vivo CRISPR screens identify a dual function of MEN1 in regulating tumor-microenvironment interactions.

Functional genomic screens in two-dimensional cell culture models are limited in identifying therapeutic targets that influence the tumor microenvironment. By comparing targeted CRISPR-Cas9 screens in a two-dimensional culture with xenografts derived from the same cell line, we identified MEN1 as the top hit that confers differential dropout effects in vitro and in vivo. MEN1 knockout in multiple solid cancer types does not impact cell proliferation in vitro but significantly promotes or inhibits tumor growth in immunodeficient or immunocompetent mice, respectively.