Biocontrol of Phage Resistance in Infections: Insights into Directed Breaking of Spontaneous Evolutionary Selection in Phage Therapy.

Phage therapy, long overshadowed by antibiotics in Western medicine, has a well-established history in some Eastern European countries and is now being revitalized as a promising strategy against antimicrobial resistance (AMR). This resurgence of phage therapy is driven by the urgent need for innovative countermeasures to AMR, which will cause an estimated 10 million deaths annually by 2050. However, the emergence of phage-resistant variants presents challenges similar to AMR, thus necessitating a deeper understanding of phage resistance mechanisms and control strategies.

Protocol for end-design-free rebooting of terminally redundant Pseudomonas phages in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Synthetic phage platforms are robust microbiology tools with therapeutic potential against antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. Here, we present a protocol for rebooting Pseudomonas phages with a terminally redundant, circularly permuted 65 kbp genome. We describe steps for designing PCR primers to generate DNA fragments, reconstituting the complete linear phage genome, performing seamless in vitro assembly, and finally, purifying and electroporating the DNA using a P.

Daily Consumption of α-Linolenic Acid Increases Conversion Efficiency to Eicosapentaenoic Acid in Mice.

To maintain a beneficial concentration of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), the efficient conversion of its precursor, α-linolenic acid (α-LA), is important. Here, we studied the conversion of α-LA to EPA using ICR and C57BL/6 mice. A single dose of perilla oil rich-in α-LA or free α-LA had not been converted to EPA 18 h following administration.

Active-phase Plasma Alkaline Phosphatase Isozyme Activity Is a Sensitive Biomarker for Excessive Fructose Intake.

Background/aim: Excessive fructose intake reportedly leads to the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In our previous study, we reported that plasma activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) isozymes were markedly changed in rats with excessive fructose intake-induced hepatomegaly. In this study, we examined ALP isozyme activity prior to the occurrence of hepatomegaly, and investigated the effect of the timing of sample collection, to explore its potential as a biomarker.

Novel Biomarker Establishment for Evaluation of Excessive Fructose Consumption Using a Rat Model.

Background/aim: The habitual consumption of excessive fructose is associated with the onset and progression of lifestyle-related diseases, such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In this study, we investigated the physiological changes observed when consuming a diet containing excessive fructose on the viewpoints of hepatotoxicity biological markers using a rat model and explored the biomarker candidates that could detect the effects of excessive fructose intake at an early stage.

Materials And Methods: Male rats were fed 63% high fructose diet (HFrD) ad libitum and their blood samples were collected before and at 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks after allocation.

Beneficial Effects of the Consumption of Hot-Water Extracts of Thinned Immature Mangos ( "Irwin") on the Hypertriglyceridemia of Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice.

The thinned immature fruit of the mango tree ( "Irwin") are regarded as waste products. In this study, we evaluated the effects of daily consumption of a hot-water extract of thinned immature mango fruits (TIMEx) on the dyslipidemia of apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE) mice. ApoE mice and wild-type BALB/c mice were fed a 20% fat diet containing 0%, 0.

Subchronic toxicity evaluation of leaves from rabbiteye blueberry ( Aiton) in rats.

Blueberry leaf may contain multiple compounds with beneficial effects. We conducted a 90-day toxicity study in rats to evaluate the safety of consuming the leaves of rabbiteye blueberry ( Aiton; RB species). Powdered leaves were administered daily by oral gavage at doses of 500, 1000, and 2500 mg/kg body weight to male and female Sprague-Dawley rats for 90 days.

Daily Consumption of Bilberry ( Vaccinium myrtillus L.) Extracts Increases the Absorption Rate of Anthocyanins in Rats.

The effects of daily consumption of anthocyanins on bioavailability has remained unclear. In this study, we evaluated whether daily consumption affects the absorption rate of anthocyanins in rats when consumed during the active and sleep phase. Eighty rats were randomly divided into two groups.