Enhancing Knowledge Retention by Simulation-Based Learning Among First-Year Medical Students.

Introduction Simulation-based training has been a vital part of medical education since Competency-Based Medical Education (CBME) was introduced, and new guidelines since 2023 have expanded to include simulation as a mandatory methodology of teaching. This method enables learners to build and develop both technical and non-technical abilities in a safe and controlled setting, enhancing their preparedness for real-life medical scenarios. Simulation-based training improves skill acquisition and retention and enhances learners' confidence, reduces anxiety, reinforces learning, corrects errors, and promotes reflective practice, in contrast with the traditional method of teaching.

Delta under pressure: A holistic assessment of morphodynamic change in the Indian Sundarbans from 1972 to 2025.

The Indian Sundarban Delta (ISD), located at the confluence of the Ganga-Brahmaputra-Meghna river system along India's eastern coast, is among the world's most geomorphologically dynamic and environmentally vulnerable deltaic systems. Over the past five decades, the region has undergone substantial morphodynamic changes driven by natural forces such as relative sea-level rise, wave action, and sediment flux, as well as anthropogenic factors like upstream water regulation via dams and barrages. This study examines the long-term evolution of shoreline and island morphology across the ISD from 1972 to 2025 using multi-temporal Landsat datasets under consistent tidal conditions.

Immediate perioperative safety and resource utilization of stand-alone middle meningeal artery embolization and stand-alone surgical evacuation for chronic subdural hematoma.

ObjectiveRandomized trials will ultimately determine whether stand-alone middle meningeal artery embolization (MMAE) is effective in preventing the recurrence of chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH). We therefore characterized in-hospital complications, length of stay, and discharge disposition among adults undergoing stand-alone MMAE for non-traumatic cSDH in the United States.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort analysis using the National Inpatient Sample (2016-2022) to identify adult patients (≥18 years) with a primary diagnosis of nontraumatic cSDH.

Design and simulation of the potential of lead-free AgBiI perovskite solar cells with different charge transport for energy enhancement.

Emerging perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are facing environmental toxicity issues due to lead-based perovskites, and long-term stability remains a challenge. In recent years, silver bismuth iodides (AgBiI) have gained attention as an absorber due to their lead-free, non-toxic, and cost-effective characteristics. However, device performance is still low so research is necessary to make it marketable.

Revolutionizing environment friendly FASnI perovskite solar cells with pioneering selenium doped metal chalcogenide charge transport layer unlocking 32% efficiency.

Due to extended thermal carrier lifespan, small bandgap, and biocompatibility, tin (Sn)-based perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have garnered attention. Sn-based PSCs (nip-type), however, have performed poorly, mostly because of the careless application of metal oxide electron transport layers (ETLs), which were first created for lead-based PSCs of the nip type. The metal oxides deeper energy levels and oxygen vacancies are too responsible for this underperformance.