Extinction in Free-Ranging Aves in Competition with Sciurus carolinensis.

Decreasing funding for nonhuman animal research decreases the opportunity for students and researchers to explore the behavior of many species in many contexts. In the long run, this will reduce variability within the experimental analysis of behavior around what species are being researched and what questions are being asked. New technologies, however, offer students and researchers the opportunity to observe the behavior of organisms in everyday environments in cost-effective ways.

Ethical Behavior Analysis in the Age of Artificial Intelligence (AI): The Importance of Understanding Model Building while Formal AI Literacy Curricula are Developed.

Ethics is fundamentally concerned with claims of "right," "wrong," "good," "bad," and how we might know those claims are accurate. Artificial intelligence (AI) is a term that represents a suite of tools where nonbiological systems process data and information to generate an output considered "intelligent." As with any suite of technologies, choosing the right tool requires the tool user to critically evaluate which tool is best for the task (if one exists).

Genetically determined body mass index is associated with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in polygenic and Mendelian randomization analyses.

Obesity has been associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), but the evidence is inconclusive. We examined the association between genetically determined adiposity and four common NHL subtypes: diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), follicular lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and marginal zone lymphoma, using eight genome-wide association studies of European ancestry (N = 10,629 cases, 9505 controls) and constructing polygenic scores for body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI (WHRadjBMI). Higher genetically determined BMI was associated with an increased risk of DLBCL [odds ratio (OR) per standard deviation (SD) = 1.

Vaping and Smoking in Pregnancy-A Meta-Analysis of Neurobehavioural Development in Prenatally Exposed Offspring.

Aim: Electronic cigarette usage has become increasingly popular in recent years, advertised as a safe alternative to smoking. However, the long-term impact on prenatal development is not well understood. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to investigate the impact of prenatal electronic cigarette exposure on self-regulation and motor development in existing human and animal research and to identify the common assessment measures.