Advanced methods for assessment of risks of false decisions in analytical chemistry (testing) laboratories - A review.

There are two groups of decision-making risks in an analytical chemistry (testing) laboratory directly influencing quality of measurement/test results. One group consists of the risks of false decisions caused by human errors in performing a test. The second group of risks is from the erroneous interpretation of test results, due to measurement uncertainty, judged against the specification/tolerance limits (conformity assessment).

[2024 scientific breakthroughs in ambulatory general internal medicine].

In this article, we present eight studies published in the past two years that are likely to influence general practice in 2025. The key messages highlight the importance of physical activity in reducing cardiovascular risk, the effectiveness of aripiprazole for treatment-resistant depression, and the positive impact of guidelines on antibiotic use for acute cystitis. Furthermore, teleconsultation is more effective when supported by a pre-existing therapeutic relationship, extended leave reduces physician burnout, electronic cigarettes aid smoking cessation, and AI improves the management of electronic communications.

Confirmation of ethanol administration in racing greyhounds by LC-MS-MS.

Ethanol is a prohibited substance in professional animal racing as its administration causes physiological effects such as depression of the central nervous system. Regulation of potential doping agents, including those that inhibit performance, is critical to ensure integrity and animal welfare in greyhound racing, but the detection of ethanol is complicated by dietary and/or environmental exposure. In response, a reliable analytical method capable of detecting recent ethanol administration in greyhound urine samples was validated and implemented.

Fast and Sensitive Detection of Ammonia from Electrochemical Nitrogen Reduction Reactions by H NMR with Radiation Damping.

A facile NMR method is reported for analysis of ammonia from the electrochemical reduction of nitrogen, which compares a calibrated colorimetric method, a calibrated H NMR method and two H NMR direct measurements using external reference materials. Unlike spectrophotometric methods, H NMR requires less bench time and does not require separation of ammonia from the electrolyte. A novel approach to the problem of radiation damping in NMR measurements considered the specific role of hardware tuning.