Insulin signaling in microglia: A metabolic switch controlling neuroinflammation and amyloid pathology in Alzheimer's disease.

Insulin resistance is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Chen et al. show that microglial insulin signaling is essential for metabolic homeostasis and immune regulation, while insulin resistance impairs Aβ clearance and promotes neuroinflammation in AD.

Search for Extremely-High-Energy Neutrinos and First Constraints on the Ultrahigh-Energy Cosmic-Ray Proton Fraction with IceCube.

We present a search for the diffuse extremely-high-energy neutrino flux using 12.6 years of IceCube data. The nonobservation of neutrinos with energies well above 10 PeV constrains the all-flavor neutrino flux at 10^{18}  eV to a level of E^{2}Φ_{ν_{e}+ν_{μ}+ν_{τ}}≃10^{-8}  GeV cm^{-2} s^{-1} sr^{-1}, the most stringent limit to date.

Measurement of Atmospheric Neutrino Oscillation Parameters Using Convolutional Neural Networks with 9.3 Years of Data in IceCube DeepCore.

The DeepCore subdetector of the IceCube Neutrino Observatory provides access to neutrinos with energies above approximately 5 GeV. Data taken between 2012 and 2021 (3387 days) are utilized for an atmospheric ν_{μ} disappearance analysis that studied 150 257 neutrino-candidate events with reconstructed energies between 5 and 100 GeV. An advanced reconstruction based on a convolutional neural network is applied, providing increased signal efficiency and background suppression, resulting in a measurement with both significantly increased statistics compared to previous DeepCore oscillation results and high neutrino purity.

The double life of glucose metabolism: brain health, glycemic homeostasis, and your patients with type 2 diabetes.

The maintenance of cognitive function is essential for quality of life and health outcomes in later years. Cognitive impairment, however, remains an undervalued long-term complication of type 2 diabetes by patients and providers alike. The burden of sustained hyperglycemia includes not only cognitive deficits but also the onset and progression of dementia-related conditions, including Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Extracellular vesicles released by ALL patients contain HNE-adducted proteins: Implications of collateral damage.

Off-target neuronal injury is a serious side-effect observed in cancer survivors. It has previously been shown that pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) survivors have a decline in neurocognition compared to healthy age-matched counterparts. Elevated oxidative stress has been documented to be a mediator in off-target tissue damage in cancer survivors.