Distinct Electrophysiological Signatures Define Neuronal Subtypes in the Fasciola Cinereum.

The fasciola cinereum (FC) is a small, conserved hippocampal subregion whose function has remained largely unexplored. Anatomically situated between dorsal CA1 and the third ventricle in rodents, the FC receives diverse cortical and subcortical inputs yet is often omitted from hippocampal circuit models. There remains a fundamental knowledge gap regarding the cell types and intrinsic properties of neurons in FC and whether they are distinct from neighboring hippocampal subregions.

Analyzing the photophysics and photochemistry of [UO(acetylacetonate)(L)] complexes.

Photocatalysis using the uranyl cation, UO, is underdeveloped. Under visible light illumination, uranyl photocatalysts generate potent excited state oxidants (>2.6 V SHE), though the impact of the equatorial ligand environment on the photophysics and photocatalysis of the complexes is poorly understood.

Beta-subunit-eliminated eHAP expression (BeHAPe) cells reveal subunit regulation of the cardiac voltage-gated sodium channel.

Voltage-gated sodium (Na) channels drive the upstroke of the action potential and are comprised of a pore-forming α-subunit and regulatory β-subunits. The β-subunits modulate the gating, trafficking, and pharmacology of the α-subunit. These functions are routinely assessed by ectopic expression in heterologous cells.

Tuning phenylalanine fluorination to assess aromatic contributions to protein function and stability in cells.

The aromatic side-chains of phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan interact with their environments via both hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions. Determining the extent to which these contribute to protein function and stability is not possible with conventional mutagenesis. Serial fluorination of a given aromatic is a validated method in vitro and in silico to specifically alter electrostatic characteristics, but this approach is restricted to a select few experimental systems.

Einstein@Home discovers a radio-quiet gamma-ray millisecond pulsar.

Millisecond pulsars (MSPs) are old neutron stars that spin hundreds of times per second and appear to pulsate as their emission beams cross our line of sight. To date, radio pulsations have been detected from all rotation-powered MSPs. In an attempt to discover radio-quiet gamma-ray MSPs, we used the aggregated power from the computers of tens of thousands of volunteers participating in the Einstein@Home distributed computing project to search for pulsations from unidentified gamma-ray sources in Fermi Large Area Telescope data.

Use Model for a User Centred Design in Multidisciplinary Teams.

The Use Model identifies user groups who will be using services and products the Prosperity4All infrastructure offers. The Model provides developers a tool to keep in mind the full diversity of users while building and designing the infrastructure.

Open DeveloperSpace: An Enabling Infrastructure for Stakeholders to Generate New Access Solutions.

The DeveloperSpace, one of the core components of GPII, is a self-sustainable infrastructure and collaborative environment, where developers, implementers, consumers, prosumers and other directly and indirectly involved actors (e.g. teachers, caregivers, clinicians) may interact with and play a role in its viability and the development of new access solutions.

Judgments of learning as memory modifiers.

A frequent procedure used to study how individuals monitor their own learning is to collect judgments of learning (JOLs) during acquisition, considered to be important, in part, because such judgments are assumed to guide how individuals allocate their future learning resources. In such research, however, a tacit assumption is frequently made: Namely, that asking for such metacognitive judgments does not affect the learning process per se. In 3 experiments, the present research addressed the accuracy of this assumption and tested a possible account--based on aspects of Koriat's cue-utilization approach to JOLs (Koriat, 1997) and de Winstanley, Bjork, and Bjork's (1996) transfer-appropriate multifactor account of generation effects--for why the mere act of making JOLs might enhance later memory for the information so judged.

Frontal fibrosing alopecia: a review of 60 cases.

Background: Frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) is a variant of lichen planopilaris primarily affecting postmenopausal women, with a predilection for the frontotemporal hairline.

Objectives: We sought to examine possible causal associations and review the clinical features, natural history, and response to treatment of patients with FFA attending a specialist hair clinic.

Methods: This was a case note review of 60 patients with FFA.

Using mass reconstruction along a four-site transect as a method to interpret PM10 in west-central Scotland, United Kingdom.

Concurrent 24-hr samples of particulate matter of median aerodynamic diameter less than 10 microm (PM10) were collected over a 10-day period in August 2000 at four sites along a transect in west-central Scotland, UK (passing from the coast through the city of Glasgow) in line with the prevailing southwesterly wind. Each sample was analyzed for chloride (Cl(-)), nitrate (NO3(-)), sulfate (SO4(2-)), ammonium (NH4(+)), calcium (Ca(2+)), iron (Fe), and organic hydrocarbon material (OHM). The contribution from elemental carbon (EC) was estimated.

Identification of a secreted fatty acid and retinol-binding protein (Hp-FAR-1) from Heligmosomoides polygyrus.

Hp-FAR-1 is a major, secreted antigen of the parasitic nematode Heligmosomoides polygyrus, a laboratory mouse model frequently used to study the cellular mechanisms of chronic helminth infections. The DNA encoding Hp-FAR-1 was recovered by screening a fourth larval (L₄) H. polygyrus cDNA expression library using antibodies raised against L₄ stage excretory/secretory (E/S) proteins.

Homicides committed by youth assailants: a retrospective study.

The pediatric population has received considerable attention in the forensic community; the youth assailant of homicide, however, is understudied. The authors retrospectively reviewed all cases referred to the Forensic Pathology Section of the Medical University of South Carolina between January 1991 and May 2006. Cases included in the study were homicides in which 1 or more assailants were 19 years of age or younger.

Parental effort and reproductive skew in coalitions of brood rearing female common eiders.

Members of breeding groups face conflicts over parental effort when balancing antipredatory vigilance and feeding. Empirical evidence has shown disparate responses to manipulations of parental effort. We develop a model in which we determine the evolutionarily stable effort of partners given their body conditions, allowing the benefits of shared care to be unevenly divided, and we test this model's predictions with data on common eiders (Somateria mollissima).

The characteristics of erythema induced by topical 5-aminolaevulinic acid photodynamic therapy.

Background: Topical photodynamic therapy (PDT) is increasingly used to treat superficial non-melanoma skin cancers. Knowledge of the characteristics of 5-aminolaevulinic acid (ALA)-induced phototoxicity will increase our understanding of PDT and may facilitate optimisation of treatment regimes.

Methods: We examined the characteristics of ALA-induced erythema in 10 healthy subjects and investigated the effect of light source and body site.

Quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis of drug metabolizing and cytoprotective genes in psoriasis and regulation by ultraviolet radiation.

There are unpredictable inter-individual differences in response to ultraviolet radiation, used in the treatment of psoriasis and other common skin diseases. It is therefore essential that we attempt to identify phenotypic markers that correlate with individual treatment outcomes. Exposure of human skin to ultraviolet radiation results in the generation of reactive intermediates and oxidative stress.