Immunoprofile of some surface and cytoplasmic peripheral cell adhesion molecules in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Despite the recent advances in diagnosis and treatment, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) continues to have a low overall survival rate (around 50%), being a tumor with high locoregional aggressiveness and high risk of lymph node (LN) dissemination. Such behavior can also be explained by the alteration of the expression of adhesion molecules, allowing tumor cells to invade surrounding tissues and make them capable of metastasizing. In this regard, we initiated a study on the immunohistochemical expression of Integrin alphavbeta6 (Integrin αvβ6), CD44 and Ezrin in OSCCs.

Immunoexpression of E-cadherin, β-catenin and Ezrin in non-small cell lung carcinomas.

Lung cancer continues to have the highest mortality rate in the world, non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) representing the most common tumor form. The therapeutic interference of the tumor intercellular adhesion disruption mechanisms can provide therapeutic targets to improve the patients' prognosis. The study included 52 cases diagnosed with NSCLC, for which the immunohistochemical expressions of E-cadherin, β-catenin and Ezrin were analyzed in relation to the epidemiological and histological prognostic parameters.

Immunoexpression of Ki67, P16 and Beta-catenin in precursor lesions of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) is the second most common type of skin cancer, after basal cell carcinoma, representing about 10-20% of all malignant skin tumors. The mortality rates of CSCC approach those of renal and oropharyngeal carcinomas, as well as melanoma, with the increasing of the risk once metastases and perineural invasion occur. Both actinic keratosis (AK) and Bowen's disease (BD) are direct precursors with the potential for progression to CSCC.

Statical Association between Clinical and Histopathological Parameters for Keratinocyte Carcinomas.

The most common tumor of the western world is comprised of forms of non-melanoma skin cancers, previously known as keratinocyte carcinomas (KCs) The purpose of this study was to determine de incidence of non-melanoma skin tumors and the relationship between histopathological risk factors in patients with skin cancers. The study was composed from 332 cases of skin malignancies for which clinical and histopathological aggressivity factors were statistically analyzed through comparison tests and also stored digitally. For basal cell carcinoma (BCC) statistical analysis indicated significant relationships between pT category and gender, tumor size, ulceration, depth of invasion and positive resection limits.

Subtle Immunoreactivity Differences in the Fractal Patterns of Membrane E-Cadherin in Gastric Adenocarcinoma.

Gastric cancer continues to be a significant malignancy worldwide, accounting for approximately one million new cases in 2020. Scientists are focusing on the cancerous cells' plasma membrane (PM) as a potential therapeutic target in cancer because it functions as the cell's interface with its environment through a variety of mechanisms. The capacity of membrane shape and its structures to influence biological processes frequently occurs through the regulation of enzymes or preferential protein binding to membranes via membrane shape changes.

The role of cell adhesion molecules in the progression of bladder urothelial carcinomas.

Alteration of the intercellular adhesion system plays an essential role in the initiation and progression of bladder carcinomas. We followed the immunoexpression of adhesion molecules, E-cadherin, β-catenin and Claudin-1, in relation to the histopathological grade and the pT category in a number of 50 urothelial carcinomas of the bladder, based on a final staining score (FSS), calculated on the basis of reaction intensity and labeled cells number. E-cadherin immunoexpression was identified in the membrane of tumor cells, low FSS being associated with invasive high-grade carcinomas.

E-Cadherin Modulation and Inter-Cellular Trafficking in Tubular Gastric Adenocarcinoma: A High-Resolution Microscopy Pilot Study.

Despite the numerous advances in tumor molecular biology and chemotherapy options, gastric adenocarcinoma is still the most frequent form of gastric cancer. One of the core proteins that regulates inter-cellular adhesion, E-cadherin plays important roles in tumorigenesis as well as in tumor progression; however, the exact expression changes and modulation that occur in gastric cancer are not yet fully understood. In an attempt to estimate if the synthesis/degradation balance matches the final membrane expression of this adhesion molecule in cancer tissue, we assessed the proportion of E-cadherin that is found in the Golgi vesicles as well as in the lysosomal pathway We utilized archived tissue fragments from 18 patients with well and poorly differentiated intestinal types of gastric cancer and 5 samples of normal gastric mucosa, by using high-magnification multispectral microscopy and high-resolution fluorescence deconvolution microscopy.

Immunohistochemical evaluation of D2-40, Galectin-3, Maspin and MCM7 expression in palate squamous cell carcinomas.

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most frequent cancer in oral cavity and its prognosis has exhibited little improvement in the last decades. Although much less common palate SCCs manifests a higher local aggression invading very quickly the adjacent muscles and jawbones, thus being able frequently to lead to dysfunctions in chewing, swallowing, and speech. To elucidate what underlies such local aggression, we investigated the immunohistochemical expression in palate SCCs of Podoplanin (D2-40), Galectin-3 (Gal-3), mammary serine protease inhibitor (Maspin) and minichromosome maintenance complex component 7 (MCM7), markers that are known to be involved in tumor invasiveness.

Analysis of the distribution and expression of some tumor invasiveness markers in palate squamous cell carcinomas.

Oral cancer remains an important global health issue and despite recent diagnostic and therapeutic advances, it continues to have an unfavorable prognostic and decreased survival. Although palatal tumors represent one of the rarest locations of oral squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs), they are among the most aggressive local tumors, leaving behind important morpho-functional disabilities. In order to explain such local aggressiveness, the present study aims to investigate the immunohistochemical expression in palate SCCs of some markers known to be involved in the process of tumor invasiveness, such as Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome like (WASL), Claudin-1 (CLDN1), Integrin beta-6 (ITGB6) and c-Mesenchymal to epithelial transition protein (c-Met).

The role of androgen receptors in vascular and cell proliferation of the prostate adenocarcinomas.

Prostate adenocarcinoma (PA) is by incidence and prognosis a unique model for investigating the biomolecular mechanisms involved in tumor progression. In this study, we analyzed the immunoexpression of androgen receptor (AR), cluster of differentiation 105 (CD105) and Ki67 for 61 cases of PA, in relation to the main clinicopathological parameters of the lesions. The AR scores, CD105 microvessel density (MVD) and Ki67 proliferation index (PI) were significantly higher in patients with serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) above 20 ng∕mL, in ductal, colloid and sarcomatoid types of PA, in growth patterns 4-5 or mixed, respectively in the case of high-grade advanced stage tumors, with perineural and vascular invasion, as well as in groups with a reserved prognosis.

The immunophenotype of epithelial to mesenchymal transition inducing transcription factors in salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinomas.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is the second most common malignant salivary glands neoplasms with a controversial biological behavior. Even though these tumors grow slowly, they have increased potential for recurrence and distant metastasis. In order to elucidate this behavior, our study aimed to investigate the immunoexpression in such tumors of the most important transcriptional factors [Twist, Snail, Slug, and zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1)] involved in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition process.

Claudin-4 Immunoexpression in Urothelial Carcinomas.

The involvement of claudins in urothelial carcinogenesis is controversial. In this study, we analyzed Claudin-4 immunoexpression in 50 cases of bladder urothelial carcinomas depending on the main prognostic parameters of the lesions represented by the tumor grade and tumor extension. Claudin-4 immunoexpression scores were significantly higher in high-grade urothelial carcinomas and in tumors with invasion in muscularis propria.

Palate Squamous Cell Carcinomas:A Ten-Year Single Institute Experience.

The literature date estimated that about 5% of all oral cavity cancers are hard palate cancers while soft palate cancers account for about 5-12% of oropharyngeal cancers. Although rare, usually these tumors had a more aggressively behavior than other oral cancer sites. That is why our study aimed to investigate comparatively the epidemiological, clinical and histopathological peculiarities of the two palatal sites of oral squamous cell carcinomas.

Periodontal clinico-morphological changes in patients wearing old nickel-chromium and copper alloys bridges.

Elderly population frequently presents more than one prosthetic restoration realized from different types of dental alloys which, in time, suffer various alterations in the oral environment. Metallic ions are released in saliva due to its electrolytic qualities, interacting with the contact tissues. Studies regarding cytotoxicity of dental alloys are providing contradictory results.

Inhibition of Aquaporin 4 Decreases Amyloid Aβ40 Drainage Around Cerebral Vessels.

Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) is located mainly in the astrocytic end-feet around cerebral blood vessels and regulates ion and water homeostasis in the brain. While deletion of AQP4 is shown to reduce amyloid-β (Aβ) clearance and exacerbate Aβ peptide accumulation in plaques and vessels of Alzheimer's disease mouse models, the mechanism and clearing pathways involved are debated. Here, we investigated how inhibiting the function of AQP4 in healthy male C57BL/6 J mice impacts clearance of Aβ40, the more soluble Aβ isoform.

Immunophenotypical alterations with impact on the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process in salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinomas.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is one of the most common malignant salivary glands neoplasms with an indolent clinical course, slow-growing but locally aggressive and quite often with delayed recurrence and distant metastasis. In order to elucidate this tumoral behavior, we conducted an immunohistochemical study investigating the alterations of epithelial phenotype with anti-cytokeratin (CK) AE1∕AE3 and anti-E-cadherin antibodies, and the acquisition of mesenchymal phenotype with vimentin, fibronectin, N-cadherin and P-cadherin in salivary ACCs. Thus, we recorded a reduction of CK AE1∕AE3, E-cadherin, P-cadherin and fibronectin reactivity in the solid variant and especially in the cells from the periphery of invasive neoplastic proliferations, regardless histological type.

Long-term treatment with spermidine increases health span of middle-aged Sprague-Dawley male rats.

Let alone calorie restriction, life span extension in higher organisms has proven to be difficult to achieve using simple drugs. Previous studies have shown that the polyamine spermidine increased the maximum life span in C. elegans and the median life span in mice.

SMAD4 and TGFβR2 expression in pancreatic ductal carcinoma.

Pancreatic ductal carcinoma is the most common type of pancreatic cancer, and currently represents the fourth cause of death by cancer, worldwide. Among classical pancreatic markers that ascertain the histopathology, new emerging targets have been proposed for both diagnostic and prognostic purposes. In the present study, utilizing a group of 28 confirmed resected pancreatic ductal carcinomas, we have assessed the immunoexpression and correlation ratios of mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4 (Drosophila) (SMAD4)∕transforming growth factor beta receptor 2 (TGFβR2), and vimentin∕cluster of differentiation 105 (CD105).

Immunoexpression of E-cadherin, P-cadherin and fibronectin in gastric carcinomas.

One of the mechanisms involved in gastric carcinomas progression is represented by epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a complex process during which tumor cells acquire an invasive and migratory mesenchymal phenotype. In this study, we analyzed the immunoexpression of E-cadherin, P-cadherin and fibronectin in 50 gastric carcinomas, in relation with the tumoral type, differentiation grade and lesions stage. The reactions presented variable patterns related to lesions stage.

Immunoexpression of E-cadherin, Snail and Twist in colonic adenocarcinomas.

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an important mechanism in tumor progression. Snail is a transcription factor, expressed in cells which have undergone almost complete EMT and have left the tumor, and Twist is considered important in the process of metastasis, both playing a major role in EMT by indirect inhibition of E-cadherin. The study analyzed the immunoexpression of E-cadherin, Snail and Twist in 46 cases of colonic carcinomas in comparison with some histopathological prognostic factors.

Immunoexpression of MMP-8, MMP-9 and TIMP-2 in dilated cardiomyopathy.

Alteration of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) expression has been studied for various cardiac diseases, including dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), with the significance of surrogate markers of extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. In this study, we determined the MMP-8, MMP-9 and TIMP-2 immunoexpression in the heart of patients diagnosed with DCM in relation to a histological composite score (HCS). The study included 40 cases of heart fragments that were processed by the usual paraffin inclusion technique, followed by a semi-quantitative evaluation of histopathological parameters, which summed, allowed the establishment of a HCS.

Immunoexpression of E-, P- and N-cadherins in ovarian serous malignant tumors.

Alteration of cadherin immunophenotype is associated with the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, a complex biomolecular mechanism involved in carcinomas progression. The study investigated the immunoexpression of E-, P- and N-cadherins in 50 serous malignant tumors of ovary related to the histopathological prognostic parameters of the lesions, using a quantification based on scores that took into account the number of marked cells and the intensity of the reactions. The E-cadherin and P-cadherin immunostainings were significantly superior in serous borderline tumors (SBTs) compared to carcinomas, as well as in advanced carcinomas compared to early stages.