M1 and M2 macrophages markers are alternately expressed during periapical lesion development.

Background: This study evaluated the altered expression levels of genes and cytokines associated with M1 and M2 macrophages during the development of periapical lesion (PL).

Methodology: PL was induced in the lower first molars of 96 mice. After the experimental periods of two, seven, 14, 21, and 42 days, the animals were euthanized and their jaws were dissected and submitted to the following analyses: microscopic descriptive analysis and fluorescence microscopy morphometry of PL size (mm2); quantitative gene expression analysis by qRT-PCR for M1 (Cxcl10, Cxcl9, and Nos2) and M2 phenotypes (Arg1, Fizz1, Ym1, and Mrc1); and M1- (GM-CSF, IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α) and M2- (IL-4, IL-13, and IL- 10) related cytokines quantification by Luminex.

Association of a hotter climate with lower wind speed and increased cardiovascular hospitalizations in a tropical dryland.

Climate change can lead to an increase in major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), but little is known about the long-term effects of this change on the prevalence of hospitalizations for stroke and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in tropical drylands. Therefore, this study evaluated the association between trends in stroke and AMI hospitalizations and climatic variables (CVs) (2008-2019) in a large tropical semi-arid region at municipality scale. Initially, the trend components of the monthly time series for hospitalizations due to stroke, AMI, and CVs were calculated.

Innovative Approaches in the Synthesis and Optimization of Copper Complexes for Antitumor Therapies: A Comprehensive Review.

Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Late diagnosis, low drug selectivity, high toxicity, and treatment resistance are challenges associated with pharmacological interventions. The commonly used therapies include surgery, radiotherapy, hormonal therapy, immunotherapy, and chemotherapy.

Expression of NET markers in experimental apical periodontitis induced in mice.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the expression of neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) markers in experimental apical periodontitis (AP) induced in mice, focusing on protein arginine deiminase 4 (PAD4), cathepsin G (CatG), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and citrullinated histone 3 (CitH3).

Design: AP was induced in 55 wild-type mice, randomly divided into a negative control (n = 5) and five experimental groups (n = 10) analyzed at 2, 5, 7, 21, and 42 days after pulp exposure of first lower molars to the oral environment. Histopathological and histomorphometric analyses included neutrophil counting and periapical lesion size measurement.

Correlation between REDOX enzymes and NET markers expression during the development of periapical lesions in mice.

Objective: To evaluate and correlate the expression of REDOX enzymes and NET markers during the development of periapical lesions (PLs) in mice.

Methods: PLs were experimentally induced by pulpal exposure of first molars. In all, 42 mice were involved in a negative control and five periods (after 2, 5, 7, 21 and 42 days) (n = 7 in each period).

Therapeutic resources used by physiotherapists for the relief of labor pain: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: The aim of the study was to identify non-pharmacological therapeutic resources used by physiotherapists for pain relief during labor and childbirth.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted from January to March 2021, followed the STROBE guidelines. It included Brazilian physiotherapists with a minimum of two years in obstetric care experience.

The Influence of Climate, Atmospheric Pollution, and Natural Disasters on Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Mellitus in Drylands: A Scoping Review.

Objectives: In the face of escalating global aridification, this study examines the complex relationship between climate variability, air pollution, natural disasters, and the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes mellitus (DM) in arid regions.

Methods: The study conducted a scoping review of multiple databases using JBI guidelines and included 74 studies.

Results: The results show that acute myocardial infarction (n = 20) and stroke (n = 13) are the primary CVDs affected by these factors, particularly affecting older adults (n = 34) and persons with hypertension (n = 3).

Cereal bar enriched with ora-pro-nóbis ( Miller): physicochemical and sensory characterization.

Ora-pro-nobis (OPN) is an unconventional food plant with high nutritional value, and its nutritional composition can be altered according to cultivation. Cereal bars are a popular nutrient-poor foods, and OPN could be incorporated to improve the nutritional quality. This study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical characteristics and sensory acceptability of cereal bars enriched with OPN flour (OpnF) from different forms of cultivation.

Comparison of in vitro toxicity in HepG2 cells: Toxicological role of Tebuconazole-tert-butyl-hydroxy in exposure to the fungicide Tebuconazole.

Fungicides are often used prophylactically, to control fungal diseases. Although fungicides have been designed to control pests/fungi, they frequently share molecular targets with non-target species, including humans. Tebuconazole, a fungicide belonging to the class of triazoles, is widely employed, has moderate to high persistence in soil, and can be found in different environmental levels.

The impact of biomolecule interactions on the cytotoxic effects of rhenium(I) tricarbonyl complexes.

Rhenium complexes show great promise as anticancer drug candidates. Specifically, compounds with a Re(CO)(NN)(py) core in their architecture have shown cytotoxicity equal to or greater than that of well-established anticancer drugs based on platinum or organic molecules. This study aimed to evaluate how the strength of the interaction between rhenium(I) tricarbonyl complexes fac-[Re(CO)(NN)(py)], NN = 1,10-phenanthroline (phen), dipyrido[3,2-f:2',3'-h]quinoxaline (dpq) or dipyrido[3,2-a:2'3'-c]phenazine (dppz) and biomolecules (protein, lipid and DNA) impacted the corresponding cytotoxic effect in cells.

An integrated view of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, and cardiotoxicity: characteristics, common molecular mechanisms, and current clinical management.

Cisplatin (CP) is a chemotherapy drug widely prescribed to treat various neoplasms. Although fundamental for the therapeutic action of the drug, its cytotoxic mechanisms trigger adverse effects in several tissues, such as the kidney, liver, and heart, which limit its clinical use. In this sense, studies point to an essential role of damage to nuclear and mitochondrial DNA associated with oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in the pathophysiology of tissue injuries.

Effect of systemic administration of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis HN019 on apical periodontitis.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (B. lactis) HN019 in drinking water on the development of apical periodontitis (AP) in rats.

Prognostic impact of red blood cell distribution width in chronic heart failure patients with left ventricular dysfunction.

Aims: Red blood cell (RBC) distribution width (RDW) measures RBC variations in size. Higher RDW values have been associated with poor outcome in acute heart failure (HF). We aimed to assess the prognostic impact of the RDW in chronic HF.

Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis HN019 has antimicrobial activity against endodontic pathogens in vitro.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate, in vitro, the antimicrobial activity of the probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis HN019, through the well technique, against 10 microorganisms can be found involved in endodontic infections. The antimicrobial activity of the probiotic was performed on Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, Lacticaseibacillus casei, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Porphyromonas endodontalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum and Prevotella intermedia.

Ranula Formation After Lingual Frenectomy in a Newborn.

Ankyloglossia is a developmental anomaly characterized by a shortened lingual frenulum, which can range from cases with no clinical relevance to severe cases, where frenectomy may be indicated. In newborns, this indication has increased exponentially. The purpose of this report is to discuss obstruction of the sublingual caruncle, with a recurrent ranula, as a post-surgical complication of laser lingual frenectomy performed in a newborn.

Influence of weight variation on long-term mortality of patients with heart failure.

Background: In heart failure, weight loss predicts dismal prognosis. Weight variations have not been addressed in obese patients with heart failure.

Aim: To study the impact of weight variation on heart failure mortality according to body mass index strata.

Cytomegalovirus and Hemolytic Anemia in an Immunocompetent Adult.

Hemolytic anemia is an increasingly recognized complication of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in immunocompetent patients. Although it is thought to be immune-mediated, other mechanisms have been proposed. The decision to treat is controversial but it may include antiviral and immunosuppressive therapy.

Prognostic impact of neurohormonal modulation in very old patients with chronic heart failure.

Background: A gap in evidence exists concerning the survival-benefit of neurohormonal blockade in older patients with chronic heart failure (HF). The purpose of our study was to investigate the neurohormonal modulation therapy in older HF patients.

Methods: We retrospectively analysed data on chronic HF patients with systolic dysfunction from January 2012 to May 2018 at a central tertiary academic hospital in Porto, Portugal.

Antinuclear Antibody (ANA) and Anti-Mi-2-Alpha Positive Dermatomyositis Hinting a Cancer Diagnosis.

Dermatomyositis (DM) is a relatively uncommon inflammatory myopathy that has been linked to cancer. We report the case of an 81-year-old woman with cecum adenocarcinoma presenting with antinuclear antibody (ANA) and anti-Mi-2-alpha antibody-positive DM. The patient complained of anorexia, symmetric proximal muscle weakness and skin rash and presented with elevated muscle enzymes.

Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma Presenting as Acute Heart Failure and Hypereosinophilia.

Hypereosinophilia is a serum eosinophil count of over 1,500 eosinophils/µL. It is an uncommon laboratory finding, and it can be asymptomatic or associated with organ damage, in which case it is referred to as hypereosinophilic syndrome. It can be primary, when the expansion of eosinophils occurs in the setting of a hematological neoplasm, or secondary, when it is caused by an external stimulus, such as a parasitic infection or a solid neoplasm.

Report of Two Cases of Acquired Idiopathic Haemophilia.

Acquired haemophilia is a rare haemorrhagic dyscrasia caused by autoantibodies against coagulation factors, most commonly factor VIII (FVIII). Even though about half of the cases are classified as idiopathic, acquired haemophilia is more common in the elderly and/or in individuals diagnosed with other immunogenic conditions such as malignancies, autoimmune diseases, or during puerperium. It can be life-threatening, presenting more frequently with major bleeding.

Simultaneous Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Flare and Disseminated Tuberculosis: Balancing Anti-Mycobacterial and Autoimmune Treatments.

Here, we report the case of a 53-year-old man with suspected autoimmune arthritis on low-dose corticosteroid therapy. He was recently hospitalized due to presumed bacterial pneumonia and a seizure episode attributed to high fever. His condition deteriorated after discharge, and he presented to our institution with a persistent cough, weight loss, skin rash, arthralgias, fever, and altered mental status.

Death and dying of newborns and children: relationships between nursing and family according to Travelbee.

Objective: Identify the nursing staff's perception of their relationship with families of newborns and children who are in the process of death and dying.

Methods: Qualitative research, carried out in the Neonatal and Pediatric Intensive Care Unit of a public maternity hospital in Rio Grande do Norte, with 17 nursing professionals, through a semi-structured interview. After being transcribed, the data were subjected to Bardin's content analysis and interpreted in the light of the theory of Interpersonal Relations proposed by Travelbee.

Neurolisteriosis: The Importance of a Prompt Diagnosis.

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a prevalent disease that may need immunosuppressant treatment, which increases the risk of an opportunistic infection. We present the case of a woman with corticosteroid-resistant ITP who was electively admitted to the hospital to initiate second-line treatment. On the second day, she presented with a high fever and altered mental status, with no lesions on the cerebral tomography and inconclusive cerebrospinal fluid analysis.