Human glioblastoma (U87) cells grown in 3D culture showed a radio-resistance to X-ray and proton radiation.

Glioblastoma multiforme is the most malignant brain tumor and is resistant to conventional radiotherapy. Proton radiotherapy utilizes accelerated proton beams to irradiate deep-seated tumors with minimum ionization in the entrance channel, thanks to its inverted dose profile. This work aims to investigate the response of human glioma (U87) cells cultured in a 3D culture after X-ray and proton irradiation.

In vitro properties of four benign meningioma cells derived from WHO grade 1 meningiomas.

Meningiomas are common intracranial tumors arising from the meninges. They exhibit heterogeneity in their biological behaviors and clinical outcomes. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of meningioma development and progression using in vitro systems is essential for improved diagnosis and targeted therapeutic strategies.

Potential for application of direct thrombin inhibitors isolated from Euphorbia resinifera O.Berg latex in fibrin clot formation.

Direct thrombin inhibitors (designated as EuRL-DTIs) were partially purified from ethanol extracts of Euphorbia resinifera O.Berg latex. The obtained EuRL-DTIs comprised four major compounds: two isomers of phenolic compounds (CHO) and two amide compounds (tentatively identified as CHNO and CHNO), as identified by liquid chromatography and electrospray ionisation quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS), attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, and/or nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy.

Black rice bran‑derived anthocyanins attenuate cholangiocarcinoma cell migration via the alteration of epithelial‑mesenchymal transition and sialylation.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an aggressive cancer of the bile duct epithelium. Anthocyanins are water-soluble flavonoids that contribute to the color of fruits and pigmented rice. Black rice bran is rich in anthocyanin pigments and exhibits certain health benefits, including anticancer activity; however, the effect of black rice bran-derived anthocyanins (BBR-M-10) on CCA progression remains unclear.

Altered O-linked glycosylation in benign and malignant meningiomas.

Background: Changes in protein glycosylation have been reported in various diseases, including cancer; however, the consequences of altered glycosylation in meningiomas remains undefined. We established two benign meningioma cell lines-SUT-MG12 and SUT-MG14, WHO grade I-and demonstrated the glycan and glycosyltransferase profiles of the mucin-type O-linked glycosylation in the primary benign meningioma cells compared with two malignant meningioma cell lines-HKBMM and IOMM-Lee, WHO grade III. Changes in O-linked glycosylation profiles in malignant meningiomas were proposed.

Enzymatic synthesis of phenolic acid glucosyl esters to test activities on cholangiocarcinoma cells.

While glycoside hydrolase family 1 (GH1) enzymes mostly catalyze hydrolysis reactions, rice Os9BGlu31 preferentially catalyzes transglycosylation to transfer a glucosyl moiety to another aglycone moiety to form a new glycosylated compound through a retaining mechanism. In this study, Os9BGlu31 was used to synthesize eight phenolic acid glucosyl esters, which were evaluated for activities in cholangiocarcinoma cells. The transglycosylation products of Os9BGlu31 wild type and its mutant variants were detected, produced on a milligram scale, and purified, and their structures were characterized by NMR spectroscopy.

Piperlongumine and bortezomib synergically inhibit cholangiocarcinoma via ER stress-induced cell death.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a lethal malignancy of the cholangiocytes lining the biliary tree. Only 25% of affected patients are eligible for resection due to late-stage diagnosis. Systemic chemotherapy is recommended for those inoperable patients; however, an inadequate response to such treatment remains a significant obstacle.

3D high resolution clonogenic survival measurement of xrs-5 cells in low-dose region of carbon ion plans.

Purpose: In this study, we performed biological verification measurements of cell survival of a C ion irradiation plan employing a high-resolution 3D culture setup. This allowed, in particular, to access the cell inactivation in the low-dose regions close to the target area.

Materials And Methods: We established the protocol for a 3D culture setup where xrs-5 cells were grown inside a layered matrigel structure in 384-well plates.

Inhibition of Ceramide Glycosylation Enhances Cisplatin Sensitivity in Cholangiocarcinoma by Limiting the Activation of the ERK Signaling Pathway.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an aggressive tumor of the biliary epithelium with poor survival that shows limited response to conventional chemotherapy. Increased expression of glucosylceramide synthase (GCS) contributes to drug resistance and the progression of various cancers; the expression profiles of GCS (UGCG) and the genes for glucocerebrosidases 1, 2, and 3 (GBA1, GBA2, and GBA3) were therefore studied in CCA. The biological functions of GCS for cell proliferation and cisplatin sensitivity in CCA were explored.

Down-Regulation of C1GALT1 Enhances the Progression of Cholangiocarcinoma through Activation of AKT/ERK Signaling Pathways.

Alteration of mucin-type O-glycosylation is implicated in tumor progression and metastasis of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Core 1 β1-3 Galactosyltransferase (C1GALT1) is a primary enzyme that regulates the elongation of core 1-derived mucin-type O-glycans. Dysregulation of C1GALT1 has been documented in multiple cancers and is associated with aberrant core 1 O-glycosylation and cancer aggressiveness; however, the expression of C1GALT1 and its role in CCA progression remains unknown.

(Lour.) Decne. Extract Alleviates Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Mediators Produced by RAW264.7 Macrophages.

(Lour.) Decne. () is widely used in Northern Thai cuisine as local vegetables and commercial herb tea products.

High expression of tissue -linked glycans is associated with a malignant phenotype of cholangiocarcinoma.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the expression of -linked glycoprotein glycans in tissue of patients with cholangiocarcinoma compared with adjacent normal tissue.

Methods: Sixty patients with cholangiocarcinoma were included in the study. Permethylated -linked glycans from intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma tissue and adjacent normal tissue were analyzed using nano-spray ionization-linear ion trap mass spectrometry.

Effect of Expression of Human Glucosylceramidase 2 Isoforms on Lipid Profiles in COS-7 Cells.

Glucosylceramide (GlcCer) is a major membrane lipid and the precursor of gangliosides. GlcCer is mainly degraded by two enzymes, lysosomal acid β-glucosidase (GBA) and nonlysosomal β-glucosidase (GBA2), which may have different isoforms because of alternative splicing. To understand which GBA2 isoforms are active and how they affect glycosphingolipid levels in cells, we expressed nine human GBA2 isoforms in COS-7 cells, confirmed their expression by qRT-PCR and Western blotting, and assayed their activity to hydrolyze 4-methylumbelliferyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (4MUG) in cell extracts.

Enhancement of piperlongumine chemosensitivity by silencing heme oxygenase-1 expression in cholangiocarcinoma cell lines.

Piperlongumine (PL) produces reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induces G2/M-phase arrest in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) cells via the JNK/ERK pathway. A differential response to PL was observed among all CCA cell lines However, the underlying mechanisms have remained to be fully elucidated. The aim of the present study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms of PL-induced heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression in CCA cell lines.

Ganglioside GM2: a potential biomarker for cholangiocarcinoma.

Objective: To investigate the expression of glycosphingolipids in serum and tissue from patients with cholangiocarcinoma compared with healthy controls.

Methods: Nanospray ionization-linear ion trap mass spectrometry (NSI-MS) was used to demonstrate the comparative structural glycomics of glycosphingolipids in serum from patients with cholangiocarcinoma (n=15), compared with healthy controls (n = 15). GM2 expression in cholangiocarcinoma tissues (n = 60) was evaluated by immunohistochemistry.

Intracellular ROS Scavenging and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Kurz (L.) Extract in LPS plus IFN--Activated RAW264.7 Macrophages.

(L.) Kurz has been used as plant-based food and herbal medicine in many Asian countries. The aim of the present study was to examine the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of extract () in RAW264.

Increased expression of the high-mannose and tri-antennary -glycans in cholangiocarcinoma.

Changes in protein glycosylation have been reported in various types of cancer, including cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Nanospray ionization-linear ion trap mass spectrometry (NSI-MS ) was used in the present study to determine the comparative structural glycomics of the -linked glycans in the serum of patients with CCA compared with healthy controls. A total of 5 high-mannose and 4 complex -linked glycans were detected.

Piperlongumine induces G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis in cholangiocarcinoma cells through the ROS-JNK-ERK signaling pathway.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an aggressive, metastatic bile duct cancer. CCA is difficult to diagnose, and responds poorly to current radio- and chemo-therapy. Piperlongumine (PL) is a naturally-occurring small molecule selectively toxic to cancer cells by targeting reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Activation of Vimentin Is Critical to Promote a Metastatic Potential of Cholangiocarcinoma Cells.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a highly metastatic tumor, and the majority of patients with CCA have a short survival time because there are no available effective treatments. Hence, a better understanding regarding CCA metastasis may provide an opportunity to improve the strategies for treatment. A comparison study between the highly metastatic cells and their parental cells is an approach to uncover the molecular mechanisms underlying the metastatic process.

Characterization of the binding of a glycosylated serine protease from Euphorbia cf. lactea latex to human fibrinogen.

In this study, the binding of a glycosylated serine protease (EuP-82) with human fibrinogen was investigated by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). ITC analysis indicated that the binding of EuP-82 to fibrinogen in the conditions with or without the activator (Ca ) was an exothermic reaction (dominant negative enthalpy), which tended to be driven by hydrogen bonding and van der Waals interactions. In contrast, the binding of fibrinogen-EuP-82 in the condition with the inhibitor (Zn ) was an unfavorable endothermic reaction.

Establishment and characterization of a novel human cholangiocarcinoma cell line with high metastatic activity.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a highly metastatic tumor, and the lung is a common site of metastasis. A greater understanding of the biology of metastases is needed to improve treatment outcomes. Herein, a highly metastatic human CCA subline, KKU-213L5 from an original cell line, KKU-213 that has marginally metastatic ability, was established and characterized.

Ring finger protein 43 expression is associated with genetic alteration status and poor prognosis among patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Ring finger E3 ligases have roles in processes central to maintenance of genomic integrity and cellular homeostasis. Many ring finger E3 ligases are implicated in malignancy. Ring finger protein 43 (RNF43) is a ring finger E3 ligase that negatively regulates the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Differential Expression of O-glycoprotein Glycans in Cholangiocarcinoma Cell Lines.

Protein glycosylation is the most common posttranslational modification in mammalian cells. Aberrant protein glycosylation has been reported in various diseases, including cancer. We identified and quantified the glycan structures of O-linked glycoprotein from cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) cell lines from different histological types and compared their profiles by nanospray ionization-linear ion trap mass spectrometry (NSI-MSn).

YKL-40/chitinase-3-like protein 1 is associated with poor prognosis and promotes cell growth and migration of cholangiocarcinoma.

YKL-40, a chitinase-like glycoprotein, is expressed at a high level in cancer patients. Its exact function is unknown and is the subject of current investigation. Here, we report the correlation of plasma YKL-40 levels with clinicopathological features of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), a lethal bile duct cancer, particularly prevalent in Northeastern Thailand.