Ending the practice of corporal punishment in Nigeria: a call for progress and dignity.

Corporal punishment is a prevalent form of discipline in Nigerian schools, despite international and national efforts to protect children's rights. Rooted in cultural norms and traditional practices, physical punishment is widely accepted by parents, educators, and community leaders as an effective disciplinary tool. It has remained deeply ingrained in Nigerian schools, with significant attention paid to its prevalence, detrimental effects, and the sociocultural factors that perpetuate its use.

Fecal microbiota transplantation as a therapeutic modality for recurrent infection: reviewing efficacy, safety, mechanisms of action, and outcomes.

Recurrent infection (rCDI) remains a significant global health challenge, characterized by high morbidity, substantial healthcare costs, and an increased risk of severe complications. , a gram-positive, spore-forming bacterium, is the primary cause of healthcare-associated diarrhea. The pathogenesis of rCDI is closely tied to gut microbiota disruptions, often triggered by antibiotic use, immunosuppression, and prolonged hospital stays.

FDA approves Veozah (Fezolinetant) for menopausal symptoms: a new nonhormonal option.

Menopausal vasomotor symptoms (VMS), such as hot flashes and night sweats, significantly impact the quality of life for many women. While hormone therapy remains a standard treatment, it is not suitable for all patients due to contraindications, safety concerns, or personal preferences. Fezolinetant (Veozah), a non-hormonal neurokinin-3 receptor (NK3R) antagonist, has emerged as a novel alternative for managing moderate to severe menopausal VMS.

Diagnostic approach to glomerular diseases: integrating clinical, laboratory, and histopathological assessments.

Background: Glomerular diseases are a significant contributor to chronic kidney disease globally, accounting for up to 30% of end-stage kidney disease cases. Diagnostic accuracy is crucial for appropriate management but remains challenging, especially in low-resource settings.

Objective: Our paper addresses the diagnostic approach to glomerular diseases by integrating clinical evaluation, laboratory findings, imaging techniques, and histopathological assessments.

Artificial intelligence in interventional cardiology: a review of its role in diagnosis, decision-making, and procedural precision.

Cardiovascular diseases significantly burden healthcare systems globally, necessitating innovative solutions to enhance diagnosis, treatment, and patient management. Artificial intelligence (AI) is no longer a distant promise in interventional cardiology but a rapidly emerging tool with growing clinical impact. AI-driven technologies can analyze vast amounts of clinical data, recognize intricate patterns, and generate clinically relevant, evidence-based recommendations, augmenting physician expertise and streamlining care.

The pump, the exchanger, and the Holy Spirit: tracing the 40-year evolution of the Ouabain-Na pump endocrine system concept.

The discovery and subsequent evolution of the Ouabain-Na/K pump endocrine system have profoundly impacted our understanding of cellular physiology and disease mechanisms. Initially identified as a cardiotonic steroid with potent effects on the Na/K ATPase, Ouabain has been implicated in various physiological and pathological processes. The Na/K pump, a crucial component of cellular physiology, maintains electrochemical gradients essential for nerve impulse transmission, muscle contraction, and cellular volume regulation.

Percutaneous interventions in tricuspid valve disease: a new era in cardiac treatment.

Tricuspid valve disease (TVD), primarily tricuspid regurgitation (TR), is increasingly recognized for its significant morbidity and mortality. Traditional management with medical therapy or high-risk surgical interventions leaves many patients untreated. The emergence of percutaneous interventions introduces a transformative, minimally invasive alternative for high-risk surgical candidates.

Guideline-driven and dependable management of asthma: an evidence-based systematic review.

Background: Our review examined recent evidence on asthma management, focusing on updated clinical guidelines, pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic treatment strategies, and population-specific considerations. Particular attention was given to the Global Initiative for Asthma and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute guidelines.

Methods: We included peer-reviewed articles, clinical guidelines, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials, and cohort studies published in English from January 2018 to August 2024.

Heart failure in water pipe smokers: a review of evidence on ventricular dysfunction, oxidative stress, and inflammatory pathways.

Water pipe smoking, commonly referred to as hookah or shisha, is a centuries-old practice that has gained global popularity in recent decades, particularly among young adults. This resurgence is fueled by its cultural appeal, social nature, and the perception of it being a safer alternative to cigarette smoking. However, mounting evidence suggests that waterpipe smoking has significant cardiovascular consequences, including the development of ventricular dysfunction, a precursor to heart failure.

The heart and HIV therapy: exploring the dual cardiovascular impact of antiretroviral treatment - a narrative review.

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a primary global health concern, affecting an estimated 38 million individuals as of 2023. While HIV is best known for its immunosuppressive effects, its cardiovascular implications are equally significant. HIV infection contributes to cardiovascular disease (CVD) through chronic immune activation, systemic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and coagulopathy.

Comparative analysis of Egypt's malaria elimination strategies and implementation science: Pathways to achieve malaria-free status for other African countries.

Background: Malaria elimination is a critical public health goal, particularly in Africa, where the disease disproportionately affects vulnerable populations. Egypt's success in achieving World Health Organization (WHO) malaria-free certification on October 20, 2024, through an evidence-based malaria elimination program, offers a valuable model for replication. Our study is identified as an implementation study, evaluating the evidence-based interventions deployed, the implementation strategy tested, and its outcomes to provide insights for scaling similar programs across Africa.

The legal and ethical considerations in cross-border telesurgical procedures.

Telesurgery, or remote surgery, represents a transformative fusion of medicine and technology, enabling surgeons to perform procedures on patients located miles away using robotic systems and advanced telecommunications. However, its widespread adoption remains limited, with fewer than 50 documented fully remote telesurgical procedures in the past two decades. While robotic-assisted surgery is increasingly common - accounting for over 1.

Risk stratification and management of arrhythmias in patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome.

Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome is a cardiac disorder characterized by an accessory pathway known as the bundle of Kent, which bypasses the atrioventricular node and predisposes patients to tachyarrhythmias, including supraventricular tachycardia and atrial fibrillation. The prevalence of WPW syndrome ranges from 0.1% to 0.

Shaping sustainable paths for HIV/AIDS funding: a review and reminder.

The fight against human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) has made significant progress over the past decades, yet sustainable funding remains a critical challenge. Despite advances in medical treatments and prevention methods, the financial resources needed to combat the epidemic consistently face uncertainties and shortfalls. As of 2023, approximately 37.

Essential information about nanotechnology in cardiology.

Cardiology, as a medical specialty, addresses cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), a leading cause of global mortality. Nanomaterials offer transformative potential across key areas such as drug delivery, stem cell therapy, imaging, and gene delivery. Nanomaterials improve solubility, bioavailability, and targeted delivery in drug delivery, reducing systemic side effects.

Global Research Progress on Radiofrequency Ablation in Cardiology.

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has become a cornerstone in treating cardiac arrhythmias, offering a minimally invasive approach to managing conditions such as atrial fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia, and other rhythm disorders. The historical evolution of RFA, from its early inception to its current state, underscores the technological advancements that have significantly enhanced its efficacy and safety. Global trends indicate a steady increase in the adoption of RFA, with notable research contributions from North America, Europe, and Asia.

Genetic factors and management strategies in aortic health: a literature review of inherited aortopathy.

Inherited aortopathies, including Marfan syndrome, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, and Loeys-Dietz syndrome, are genetic disorders characterized by structural abnormalities of the aorta that predispose individuals to life-threatening complications like aneurysms and dissections. These conditions result from mutations in genes essential for maintaining aortic wall integrity, such as FBN1, TGFBR1, and COL3A1, affecting extracellular matrix components and the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) pathway. Marfan syndrome has a prevalence of approximately 1 in 5000, while Loeys-Dietz syndrome and vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome are rarer, with estimated prevalences of 1 in 100 000 and 1 in 20 000, respectively.

Neurological manifestations of lysosomal storage diseases.

Lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) encompass a group of rare inherited metabolic disorders characterized by the accumulation of undegraded substrates within lysosomes, leading to multisystemic manifestations, including profound neurological involvement. This article provides a concise overview of the neurological manifestations of LSDs, with a focus on central nervous system (CNS) involvement and treatment strategies. While the paper intricacies of each LSD subtype and its associated CNS manifestations, it aims to provide a summary of the essential findings and implications.

Legal implications for clinicians in cybersecurity incidents: A review.

Cybersecurity incidents in healthcare present significant legal implications for clinicians, necessitating careful consideration of technological advancements and regulatory frameworks. This literature examines the healthcare cybersecurity landscape, emphasizing clinicians' challenges, and legal responsibilities. It explores the impact of advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence and quantum computing, highlighting the potential benefits and risks, including biases and ethical dilemmas.

Barriers and incentives influencing the use of partograph in Nigeria: A comprehensive review.

This comprehensive review examines the barriers and incentives influencing the use of partographs in maternal healthcare within Nigeria. Maternal mortality remains a critical concern in the country, making it imperative to evaluate the factors that shape the adoption of essential tools like the partograph. The literature review underscores the global significance of partograph utilization, emphasizing its role in improving maternal outcomes.

Nutritional status of HIV-infected children at Federal University Teaching Hospital, Owerri, Nigeria: A prospective analysis of rural and urban dwellers.

Malnutrition is a critical concern among children living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), particularly in regions heavily affected by the HIV epidemic, such as sub-Saharan Africa. In 2019, nearly 2.84 million children under 19 years of age were living with HIV globally, with over 90% residing in sub-Saharan Africa.

Clinical presentation and symptomatology of Guillain-Barré syndrome: A literature review.

Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is a rare but potentially life-threatening neurological disorder characterized by acute onset ascending paralysis and sensory abnormalities. This article provides a comprehensive overview of GBS, covering its epidemiology, etiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation, management and treatment, prognosis, psychosocial impact, recent advances in research, public health implications, and ethical considerations. Epidemiological data reveal variations in GBS prevalence, incidence rates, and geographical distribution influenced by climate, infectious disease prevalence, and genetic susceptibility.

The evolution of ancient healing practices: From shamanism to Hippocratic medicine: A review.

In the ever-evolving healthcare landscape, ancient healing traditions cast a profound shadow, offering insights and inspirations that resonate with modern medical practice. This paper explores the enduring influence of shamanic and Hippocratic healing traditions on contemporary healthcare, examining their contributions to holistic health approaches, diagnostic techniques, and ethical standards. The Hippocratic emphasis on observation, clinical experience, and ethical principles laid the foundation for modern Western medicine, while shamanic practices highlight the importance of spiritual and psychological dimensions in healing.