Pregnancy-Related Mortality in California Due to Obstetric Hemorrhage.

Objective: To identify underlying causes, contributing factors, and quality-improvement opportunities of pregnancy-related hemorrhage deaths.

Methods: The California Pregnancy-Associated Mortality Review examined pregnancy-related hemorrhage deaths in California that occurred in 2014-2018. Data were abstracted from multiple sources (vital records, hospital encounter data, medical records, and coroner or autopsy reports).

Mobile-enhanced Family Integrated Care for preterm infants: A qualitative study of parents' views.

Objective: The Family Integrated Care (FICare) model improves outcomes for preterm infants and parents compared with family-centered care (FCC). FICare with mobile technology (mFICare) may improve uptake and impact. Research on FICare in the United States (US) is scarce and little is known about parents' experience.

Disparity drivers, potential solutions, and the role of a health equity dashboard in the neonatal intensive care unit: a qualitative study.

Objective: Racial/ethnic disparities are well-described in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). We explored expert opinion on their etiology, potential solutions, and the ability of health equity dashboards to meaningfully capture NICU disparities.

Study Design: We conducted 12 qualitative semi-structured interviews, purposively selecting a diverse group of neonatal experts.

National Partnership for Maternal Safety: Consensus Bundle on Support After a Severe Maternal Event.

Supporting women, families, and clinicians with information, emotional support, and health care resources should be part of an institutional response after a severe maternal event. A multidisciplinary approach is needed for an effective response during and after the event. As a member of the maternity care team, the nurse's role includes coordination, documentation, and ensuring patient safety in emergency situations.

Systolic Hypertension, Preeclampsia-Related Mortality, and Stroke in California.

Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics of stroke and opportunities to improve care in a cohort of preeclampsia-related maternal mortalities in California.

Methods: The California Pregnancy-Associated Mortality Review retrospectively examined a cohort of preeclampsia pregnancy-related deaths in California from 2002 to 2007. Stroke cases were identified among preeclampsia deaths, and case summaries were reviewed with attention to clinical variables, particularly hypertension.

Quality Improvement Opportunities Identified Through Case Review of Pregnancy-Related Deaths From Cardiovascular Disease.

Objective: To analyze quality improvement opportunities (QIOs) identified through review of cases of maternal death from cardiovascular disease (CVD) by the California Pregnancy-Associated Mortality Review committee.

Design: Qualitative descriptive design using thematic analysis.

Sample: A total of 269 QIOs identified from 87 pregnancy-related deaths from CVD in California from 2002 to 2007.

Quality Improvement Opportunities Identified Through Case Review of Pregnancy-Related Deaths From Venous Thromboembolism.

Objective: To analyze quality improvement opportunities (QIOs) identified through review of cases of maternal death from venous thromboembolism (VTE) by the California Pregnancy-Associated Mortality Review Committee.

Design: Qualitative, descriptive design using thematic analysis.

Sample: A total of 108 QIOs identified from 29 cases of pregnancy-related deaths from VTE in California from 2002 to 2007.

Quality Improvement Opportunities Identified Through Case Review of Pregnancy-Related Deaths From Obstetric Hemorrhage.

Objective: To analyze quality improvement opportunities (QIOs) identified through review of cases of maternal death from obstetric hemorrhage by the California Pregnancy-Associated Mortality Review Committee.

Design: Qualitative descriptive using thematic analysis.

Sample: A total of 159 QIOs identified from 33 cases of pregnancy-related deaths from obstetric hemorrhage in California from 2002 to 2007.

Translating Maternal Mortality Review Into Quality Improvement Opportunities in Response to Pregnancy-Related Deaths in California.

Objective: To describe quality improvement opportunities (QIOs) associated with the five leading causes of pregnancy-related death in California and the methods by which the QIOs were collected by the California Pregnancy-Associated Mortality Review committee.

Design: Qualitative, descriptive design using thematic analysis.

Sample: A total of 907 QIOs identified from 203 cases of pregnancy-related deaths from cardiovascular disease, preeclampsia/eclampsia, hemorrhage, venous thromboembolism, and sepsis that occurred in California from 2002 to 2007.

Quality Improvement Opportunities Identified Through Case Review of Pregnancy-Related Deaths From Preeclampsia/Eclampsia.

Objective: To analyze quality improvement opportunities (QIOs) identified through review of cases of maternal death from preeclampsia/eclampsia by the California Pregnancy-Associated Mortality Review Committee.

Design: Qualitative descriptive design using thematic analysis.

Sample: A total of 242 QIOs identified from 54 cases of pregnancy-related deaths from preeclampsia/eclampsia in California between 2002 and 2007.

Quality Improvement Opportunities Identified Through Case Review of Pregnancy-Related Deaths From Sepsis.

Objective: To analyze quality improvement opportunities (QIOs) identified through review of cases of maternal death from sepsis by the California Pregnancy-Associated Mortality Review Committee.

Design: Qualitative descriptive design using thematic analysis.

Sample: A total of 118 QIOs identified from 27 cases of pregnancy-related deaths from sepsis in California from 2002 to 2007.

Bearing witness: United States and Canadian maternity support workers' observations of disrespectful care in childbirth.

Background: Disrespectful care and abuse during childbirth are acknowledged global indicators of poor quality care. This study aimed to compare birth doulas' and labor and delivery nurses' reports of witnessing disrespectful care in the United States and Canada.

Methods: Maternity Support Survey data (2781 respondents) were used to investigate doulas' and nurses' reports of witnessing six types of disrespectful care.

Paradox lost on the U.S.-Mexico border: U.S. Latinas and cesarean rates.

Background: We apply Intersectional Theory to examine how compounded disadvantage affects the odds of women having a cesarean in U.S.-Mexico border hospitals and in non-border hospitals.

Never judge a book by its cover: how NICU evaluators reach conclusions about quality of care.

Objective: To identify key features in the NICU care delivery context that influence quality of care delivery.

Study Design: Qualitative study using in-depth, semi-structured interviews with 10 NICU quality experts with extensive experience conducting NICU site visits and evaluating quality of care. Analyses were performed using the method of constant comparison based on grounded theory.

Hospital-ownership status and cesareans in the United States: The effect of for-profit hospitals.

Background: Given the increasing proportion of United States hospitals that are for-profit, we examined whether women who give birth in for-profit hospitals are more likely to have cesareans than women who give birth in not-for-profit hospitals. We hypothesized that cesareans are more likely to occur in for-profit hospitals because of the organizational emphasis on short-term financial indicators, including payment of shareholder dividends.

Methods: We used logistic regression and difference of means tests to analyze data from the Listening to Mothers III survey of women who gave birth in the United States in 2011 and 2012.

Consensus Bundle on Severe Hypertension During Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period.

Complications arising from hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are among the leading causes of preventable severe maternal morbidity and mortality. Timely and appropriate treatment has the potential to significantly reduce hypertension-related complications. To assist health care providers in achieving this goal, this patient safety bundle provides guidance to coordinate and standardize the care provided to women with severe hypertension during pregnancy and the postpartum period.

Consensus Bundle on Severe Hypertension During Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period.

Complications arising from hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are among the leading causes of preventable severe maternal morbidity and mortality. Timely and appropriate treatment has the potential to significantly reduce hypertension-related complications. To assist health care providers in achieving this goal, this patient safety bundle provides guidance to coordinate and standardize the care provided to women with severe hypertension during pregnancy and the postpartum period.

National Partnership for Maternal Safety: Consensus Bundle on Severe Hypertension During Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period.

Complications arising from hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are among the leading causes of preventable severe maternal morbidity and mortality. Timely and appropriate treatment has the potential to significantly reduce hypertension-related complications. To assist health care providers in achieving this goal, this patient safety bundle provides guidance to coordinate and standardize the care provided to women with severe hypertension during pregnancy and the postpartum period.

National Partnership for Maternal Safety: Consensus Bundle on Severe Hypertension During Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period.

Complications arising from hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are among the leading causes of preventable severe maternal morbidity and mortality. Timely and appropriate treatment has the potential to significantly reduce hypertension-related complications. To assist health care providers in achieving this goal, this patient safety bundle provides guidance to coordinate and standardize the care provided to women with severe hypertension during pregnancy and the postpartum period.

North American Nurses' and Doulas' Views of Each Other.

Objective: To analyze factors that lead nurses and doulas to have positive views of each other.

Design: A multivariate analysis of a cross-sectional survey, the Maternity Support Survey.

Setting: Online survey with labor and delivery nurses, doulas, and childbirth educators in the United States and Canada.

Women's Experiences Being Diagnosed With Peripartum Cardiomyopathy: A Qualitative Study.

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease has been identified as the leading cause of maternal mortality in the United States, with cardiomyopathy, including peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM), accounting for 12% to 16% of all pregnancy-related deaths. The purpose of this study was to describe women's experiences being diagnosed with PPCM.

Methods: This investigation was conducted using a qualitative design.

Race, Insurance Status, and Nulliparous, Term, Singleton, Vertex Cesarean Indication: A Case Study of a New England Tertiary Hospital.

Introduction: The current U.S. cesarean section rate (32.

Pregnancy-related cardiovascular deaths in California: beyond peripartum cardiomyopathy.

Objective: Maternal mortality rates rose markedly from 2002 to 2006 in California, prompting an in-depth maternal mortality review in a state that comprises one twelfth of the US birth cohort. Cardiovascular disease has emerged as the leading cause of pregnancy-related death in the United States. The primary aim of this analysis was to describe the incidence and type of cardiovascular disease as a cause of pregnancy-related mortality in California.