Recruiting an underserved, difficult to reach population into a cancer trial: Strategies from the 2 Rehabilitation Trial for gay and bisexual prostate cancer patients.

Background/aims: Sexual minorities are small and under-researched populations that are at disproportionate risk for cancer and poor cancer outcomes. Described as a "hidden population," the principal research challenge has been to develop effective methods to identify and recruit such cancer patients into cancer studies. Online recruitment strategies, as well as targeted clinic recruitment using patient-entered sexual orientation and gender identity data from electronic medical records have potential to transform recruitment, but studies testing the effects of how to recruit using these have not been published.

Creation and Psychometric Validation of the Sexual Minorities and Prostate Cancer Scale (SMACS) in Sexual Minority Patients-The Restore-2 Study.

Background: Existing measures of sexual functioning in prostate cancer survivors focus primarily on erectile function and do not adequately measure the experiences of sexual minority men.

Aim: To develop and psychometrically evaluate a new scale to measure sexual functioning among sexual minority men with prostate cancer.

Methods: Sexual minority prostate cancer patients (n = 401) completed an online battery of urinary and sexual functioning tests in 2019, including a new 37-item instrument about their sexual functioning post-treatment for prostate cancer.

Detecting, preventing, and responding to "fraudsters" in internet research: ethics and tradeoffs.

Internet-based health research is increasing, and often offers financial incentives but fraudulent behavior by participants can result. Specifically, eligible or ineligible individuals may enter the study multiple times and receive undeserved financial compensation. We review past experiences and approaches to this problem and propose several new strategies.