Association Between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Cognitive Decline: Findings From the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2015-2016.

We aim to study Adverse childhood experiences' (ACEs') association with cognitive decline during adulthood. We reviewed data on subjective cognitive decline (SCD) for those ≥45 years of age. Logistic regression analysis, odds ratio, and 95% confidence interval (CI) assessed the association between ACEs and SCD.

Contextualizing the Relationship Between Social Isolation and Substance Abuse.

To investigate the relationship between social isolation and substance abuse among adult hospitalizations to better target prevention and intervention. The 2018 National Inpatient Sample dataset was used to identify adult hospitalizations with social isolation and substance abuse in the United States, omitting long-term and rehabilitation facilities. The study analyzed sociodemographic features and health care resource utilization, with primary end points focusing on the prevalence of substance use disorder (SUD) with social isolation and sex/race-based disparities and secondary end points including mental health and costs.

Traumatic Brain Injury and Risk of Schizophrenia and Other Non-mood Psychotic Disorders: Findings From a Large Inpatient Database in the United States.

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is linked with an increased risk of schizophrenia and other non-mood psychotic disorders (psychotic disorders), but the prevalence and contributing factors of these psychiatric conditions post-TBI remain unclear. This study explores this link to identify key risk factors in TBI patients.

Methods: We used the 2017 National Inpatient Sample dataset.

Bullying Victimization in Children and Adolescents and Its Impact on Academic Outcomes.

Bullying victimization has been identified as a significant factor influencing academic outcomes. We sought to evaluate the educational outcomes and psychiatric comorbidities in children and adolescents who are victims of bullying using the National Survey of Children's Health dataset for the study. The participants were children and adolescents (age: 6-17 years) categorized into two groups: group 1, not bullied ( n = 21,015), and group 2, bullied more than once ( n = 21,775).

Mixed Connective Tissue Disease Presenting With Psychosis-A Case Report.

Mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) is a systemic autoimmune disease with features overlapping multiple autoimmune disorders. One study found that over 55% of patients with MCTD experienced neuropsychiatric symptoms, the most common of which was an "aseptic meningitis-like syndrome." We present a case of a 17-year-old adolescent girl presenting with abnormal speech and behavior, auditory hallucinations, and paranoid delusions after an isolated episode of fever.

Prevalence of Psychiatric Disorders Among Children and Adolescents in Child Welfare Custody Admitted to the Hospital: A Nationwide Inpatient Sample Analysis.

To assess the prevalence of psychiatric disorders among children and adolescents in child welfare custody admitted to the hospital. Data were collected from the 2016-2017 National Inpatient Sample of the US population of general hospital admissions. Data for patients aged 12-17 years who were in child welfare custody were obtained using the diagnosis code Z6221: child in welfare custody.

A synaptic corollary discharge signal suppresses midbrain visual processing during saccade-like locomotion.

In motor control, the brain not only sends motor commands to the periphery, but also generates concurrent internal signals known as corollary discharge (CD) that influence sensory information processing around the time of movement. CD signals are important for identifying sensory input arising from self-motion and to compensate for it, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Using whole-cell patch clamp recordings from neurons in the zebrafish optic tectum, we discovered an inhibitory synaptic signal, temporally locked to spontaneous and visually driven locomotion.

A Drosophila glial cell atlas reveals a mismatch between transcriptional and morphological diversity.

Morphology is a defining feature of neuronal identity. Like neurons, glia display diverse morphologies, both across and within glial classes, but are also known to be morphologically plastic. Here, we explored the relationship between glial morphology and transcriptional signature using the Drosophila central nervous system (CNS), where glia are categorised into 5 main classes (outer and inner surface glia, cortex glia, ensheathing glia, and astrocytes), which show within-class morphological diversity.

Prevalence of Psychiatric Comorbidities in Patients With Neurofibromatosis.

To assess the prevalence of psychiatric comorbidities in patients with neurofibromatosis. In this cross-sectional study, we used the 2010-2014 National Inpatient Sample database. Patients ≥ 18 years of age with a primary or secondary diagnosis of neurofibromatosis and psychiatric comorbidities were queried.

Shortage of Mental Health Professionals Doing Research: A Cause for Concern.

Research plays a crucial role in advancing health care. Physician scientists, who bring together clinical and scientific perspectives, are integral to this effort. However, the pursuit of research careers among physicians has declined due to several obstacles, including inadequate support, training, time, and financial constraints.

Prevalence of Substance use disorder among young adults hospitalized in the US hospital: A decade of change.

Introduction: Mental health disorders (MHD) and substance use disorders (SUD) lead to outstanding socioeconomic costs and increased hospital visits. However, very few studies have quantified this trend over time and across specific conditions. ​​Our study aims to investigate and compare the prevalence of MHDs and SUDs in hospitalizations between 2007 and 2017.

Role of Minocycline as an Adjunct Neuroinflammatory Modulator in Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.

To assess the efficacy and safety evidence for adjunct minocycline in treatment-resistant depression (TRD). In this systematic review, PubMed, PubMed Central, Embase, and Google Scholar were searched from inception to October 2022. The following keywords were utilized in the search: "depression" AND "minocycline" AND "treatment, pharmacological intervention, management.

Efficacy of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia for the Treatment of Child and Adolescent Anxiety and Depression: A Systematic Review From Randomized Controlled Trials.

Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) has shown promising results in the adult population. However, there is not enough evidence for children and adolescents. Hence, we evaluated the current evidence of CBT-I in the treatment of anxiety and depression in children and adolescents.

Psychiatric Disorders in Hospitalized Homeless Individuals: A Nationwide Study.

To compare the incidence of inpatient psychiatric admissions and evaluate the prevalence of psychiatric disorders among homeless individuals. This cross-sectional study utilized the Nationwide Inpatient Sample dataset for the year 2016-2017. US adult homeless patients (age ≥ 18 years) admitted to the hospital were age and sex matched (1:1) with non-homeless individuals using the propensity score matching technique.

Homicidal ideation and psychiatric comorbidities in the inpatient adolescents aged 12-17.

Objectives: Adolescents with a homicidal tendency is a growing concern in the United States. Studies in the past have showcased the relationship between homicidal ideation (HI) and psychiatric illnesses, but very limited information is available on the adolescent and inpatient population. We aim to evaluate the prevalence of demographic characteristics and psychiatric disorders in adolescents with and without HI.

The role of metformin in treatment of weight gain associated with atypical antipsychotic treatment in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Introduction: Second-generation antipsychotics are associated with significant weight gain. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the efficacy and safety of metformin for the treatment of weight gain in children and young adults treated with second-generation antipsychotics.

Methods: We followed PRISMA guidelines to evaluated studies published before March 2020 in Medline, Google Scholar, PubMed, Cochrane library database, annual scientific sessions of the American Psychiatric Association, American Academy of Child and Adolescent, Psychiatry, and American Society of Clinical Psychopharmacology.