Thoracic Pyogenic Spondylitis Misdiagnosed As Osteoporotic Compression Fracture Status Post Vertebral Augmentation With Resultant Paraplegia: A Case Report.

This paper describes a case of serious complications following vertebral augmentation resulting from a misdiagnosis of pyogenic spondylitis as osteoporotic compression fracture (OCF). A 56-year-old female with systemic lupus erythematosus underwent vertebral augmentation following a diagnosis of T10 OCF based on plain film analysis. Note that preoperative computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were not performed.

A regulatory loop among CD276, miR-29c-3p, and Myc exists in cancer cells against natural killer cell cytotoxicity.

Aims: Immune checkpoints regulate immunity to prevent autoimmunity and protect the host from damage during pathogenic infection. They also participate in subverting immune surveillance and promote antitumor immunity in cancers. Although immunotherapy improves clinical outcomes, not all cancer patients experience expected responses after therapy.

miR-4286 is Involved in Connections Between IGF-1 and TGF-β Signaling for the Mesenchymal Transition and Invasion by Glioblastomas.

The insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signal pathways are both recognized as important in regulating cancer prognosis, such as the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cell invasion. However, cross-talk between these two signal pathways in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is still unclear. In the present study, by analyzing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GSE) 4412, GBM patients with higher IGF-1 levels exhibited poorer survival.

Xanthohumol regulates miR-4749-5p-inhibited RFC2 signaling in enhancing temozolomide cytotoxicity to glioblastoma.

Aims: Xanthohumol (XN), a natural prenylated flavonoid isolated from Humulus lupulus L. (hops), possess the therapeutic effects in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), which is a grade IV aggressive glioma in adults. However, low bioavailability and extractive yield limit the clinical applications of XN.

Expression of HIF-1α and VEGF in feline mammary gland carcinomas: association with pathological characteristics and clinical outcomes.

Background: The microenvironment within solid malignant tumors, including feline mammary gland carcinomas (FMGCs), is commonly hypoxic, possibly due to the lack of functional blood vessels in rapidly proliferating neoplastic tissue. Malignant cells can undergo genetic and adaptive changes that prevent them from dying due to oxygen deprivation through expressions of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Therefore, HIF-1α and VEGF are ideal biomarkers for cancer therapy and prognostic evaluation.

IGF-1-enhanced miR-513a-5p signaling desensitizes glioma cells to temozolomide by targeting the NEDD4L-inhibited Wnt/β-catenin pathway.

Temozolomide (TMZ) is a first-line alkylating agent for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Clarifying the mechanisms inducing TMZ insensitivity may be helpful in improving its therapeutic effectiveness against GBM. Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 signaling and micro (mi)RNAs are relevant in mediating GBM progression.

The microRNA-302b-inhibited insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2 signaling pathway induces glioma cell apoptosis by targeting nuclear factor IA.

MicroRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that post-transcriptionally control the expression of genes involved in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) development. Although miR-302b functions as a tumor suppressor, its role in GBM is still unclear. Therefore, this study comprehensively explored the roles of miR-302b-mediated gene networks in GBM cell death.

The CHAC1-inhibited Notch3 pathway is involved in temozolomide-induced glioma cytotoxicity.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the high-grade primary glioma in adults. Temozolomide (TMZ), an alkylating agent of the imidazotetrazine series, is a first-line chemotherapeutic drug for clinical therapy. However, the expense of TMZ therapy and increasing drug resistance to TMZ decreases its therapeutic effects.

The Inhibition of microRNA-128 on IGF-1-Activating mTOR Signaling Involves in Temozolomide-Induced Glioma Cell Apoptotic Death.

Temozolomide (TMZ), an alkylating agent of the imidazotetrazine series, is a first-line chemotherapeutic drug used in the clinical therapy of glioblastoma multiforme, the most common and high-grade primary glioma in adults. Micro (mi)RNAs, which are small noncoding RNAs, post-transcriptionally regulate gene expressions and are involved in gliomagenesis. However, no studies have reported relationships between TMZ and miRNA gene regulation.

Adrenal pheochromocytoma presenting with Takotsubo-pattern cardiomyopathy and acute heart failure: A case report and literature review.

Background: Pheochromocytoma is an endocrine tumor that causes hypertension, facial pallor, and headache. Pheochromocytoma patients rarely present with acute heart failure or cardiogenic shock.

Method: We discuss the case of a female patient with Takotsubo-pattern cardiomyopathy who presented with acute heart failure caused by pheochromocytoma.

The miR-204-3p-targeted IGFBP2 pathway is involved in xanthohumol-induced glioma cell apoptotic death.

Xanthohumol (XN), a prenylated chalcone extracted from hop plant Humulus lupulus L. (Cannabaceae), has potential for cancer therapy, including gliomas. Micro (mi)RNAs are small noncoding RNAs that control gene expression.

Predictive value of p16/Ki-67 immunocytochemistry for triage of women with abnormal Papanicolaou test in cervical cancer screening: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The Papanicolaou (Pap) test is one screening strategy used to prevent cervical cancer in developed countries. The p16/Ki-67 immunocytochemistry is a triage test performed on Pap smears in women with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) or low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion.

Objective: Our objective was to review studies investigating the diagnostic performance of p16/Ki-67 dual stain for triage of women with abnormal Pap tests.

Endothelial Cell Sensitization by Death Receptor Fractions of an Anti-Dengue Nonstructural Protein 1 Antibody Induced Plasma Leakage, Coagulopathy, and Mortality in Mice.

The mechanisms leading to the life-threatening dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) remain elusive. DHF preferentially occurs during secondary dengue infections, suggesting that aberrant immune responses are involved in its development. We previously demonstrated that the autoantibodies elicited by dengue virus (DENV) nonstructural protein 1 (NS1; anti-NS1 Igs) induce plasma leakage and mortality in mice with warfarinized anticoagulant suppression.

Acquired coagulant factor VIII deficiency induced by Bacillus anthracis lethal toxin in mice.

Mice treated with anthrax lethal toxin (LT) exhibit hemorrhage caused by unknown mechanisms. Moreover, LT treatment in mice induced liver damage. In this study, we hypothesized that a suppressed coagulation function may be associated with liver damage, because the liver is the major producing source of coagulation factors.

Inhibition of RNA transportation induces glioma cell apoptosis via downregulation of RanGAP1 expression.

The prognosis of glioblastoma remains poor, even treatment with surgery, radiation, or chemotherapy. Therefore, it is still important to develop a new strategy for treatment of glioblastoma. Previous reports demonstrated that rRNA is produced at abnormally high levels in tumor cells.

Soft Tissue Infection Caused by Rapid Growing Mycobacterium following Medical Procedures: Two Case Reports and Literature Review.

Non-tubecrulosis mycobacterium infections were increasingly reported either pulmonary or extrapulmonary in the past decades. In Taiwan, we noticed several reports about the soft tissue infections caused by rapid growing mycobacterium such as Mycobacterium abscessus, Mycobacterium chelonae, on newspaper, magazines, or the multimedia. Most of them occurred after a plastic surgery, and medical or non-medical procedures.

Runx1-deficient afferents impair visceral nociception, exacerbating dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis.

Colitis is a group of inflammatory and auto-immune disorders that affect the tissue lining of the gastrointestinal (GI) system. Studies of chemically-induced animal models of colitis have indicated that nociceptive afferents or neuropeptides have differing effects on GI inflammation. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in visceral pain and the role of visceral sensory afferents involved in the modulation of colitis remains unclear.

Disrupting the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis disturbs the characteristics of glioblastoma stem-like cells of rat RG2 glioblastoma.

Background: Glioblastoma stem-like cells (GSC) have been shown to promote tumor growth, tumor-associated neovascularization, therapeutic resistance, and metastasis. CXCR4 receptors have been found involved in the proliferation, metastasis, angiogenesis, and drug-resistant characteristics of glioblastoma. However, the role of CXCR4 in modulating the stem-like cell properties of rat glioblastoma remains ambiguous.

Impairment of thymocyte function via induction of apoptosis by areca nut extract.

Areca quid (AQ) chewing is a popular oral habit, especially in Southeast Asia cultures, in which children may be engaged in the addictive habit early in their lives. Extracts of areca nuts, the main component of AQ, have been shown to affect the functionality of T-cells. However, the potential influence of ANE on the development of T-cells is unknown.

Nodal regulates energy metabolism in glioma cells by inducing expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α.

Background: A shift in glucose metabolism from oxidative phosphorylation to anaerobic glycolysis is the biochemical hallmark of malignant cancer cells.

Methods: In the present study, we demonstrated that Nodal stimulated the expression of glycolytic enzymes and decreased reliance on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in human glioma cancer cells. The shift in glucose metabolism was mediated by induction of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF).

Cluster of differentiation 24 expression is an independent prognostic factor of adverse outcome in cervical carcinoma.

Objective: Cluster of differentiation (CD) 24 is a cell adhesion molecule that has been implicated in tumor invasion and metastasis of various solid tumors. The aim of this study was to explore the expression patterns of CD24 as a predictive marker for long-term survival in cervical carcinomas.

Methods: A total of 144 patients diagnosed with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage I to IV cervical carcinoma were studied, and 95 patients underwent surgical intervention.

Neural substrates of amphetamine-induced behavioral sensitization: unconditioned (zero context) and conditioned (switch versus same context) components in c-fos overexpression.

The neural substrates of the unconditioned and conditioned components of amphetamine (AMPH)-induced behavioral sensitization remain unknown. The present study examines the brain activation of rats in response to an AMPH challenge with augmented locomotion in groups receiving chronic AMPH under chloral hydrate anesthetization (i.e.

Activated protein C ameliorates Bacillus anthracis lethal toxin-induced lethal pathogenesis in rats.

Background: Lethal toxin (LT) is a major virulence factor of Bacillus anthracis. Sprague Dawley rats manifest pronounced lung edema and shock after LT treatments, resulting in high mortality. The heart failure that is induced by LT has been suggested to be a principal mechanism of lung edema and mortality in rodents.

CD44/CD24 expression in recurrent gastric cancer: a retrospective analysis.

Background: To correlate CD44/CD24 expression with gastric cancer recurrence and prognosis. Gastric cancer is the second leading cause of cancer mortality due to the high recurrence rate, of which the molecular signature has not yet been identified.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the hospital records of patients with gastric cancer.