The updated network meta-analysis of the therapeutic efficacies of lung cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: Lung cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. We aim to investigate the most effective treatments for advanced/nonadvanced stages of lung cancer patients.

Materials And Methods: We searched electronic databases to investigate the treatment efficacies of lung cancer.

Clinical impact of pharmacogenetic risk variants in a large chinese cohort.

Incorporating pharmacogenetics into clinical practice promises to improve therapeutic outcomes by optimizing drug selection and dosage based on genetic factors affecting drug response. A key advantage of PGx-guided therapy is to decrease the likelihood of adverse events. To evaluate the clinical impact of PGx risk variants, we performed a retrospective study using genetic and clinical data from the largest Han Chinese cohort, comprising 486,956 individuals, assembled by the Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative.

A single domestication origin of adzuki bean in Japan and the evolution of domestication genes.

Adzuki is a central legume in East Asian culinary culture, yet its domestication origin remains debated. Using ~700 accessions across Asia, we show that the initial domestication happened three to five thousand years ago in central Japan during the Jomon period, followed by a range expansion into China and secondary hybridization with Chinese wild populations. We mapped, validated, and dated key genes associated with seed coat color evolution ( for loss of mottled black and for gain of red colors).

Differential Transcription Factor Activator Protein-2 Delta Genotypes Affect the Levels of Interleukin-1 Beta, Interleukin 8, and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-C in the Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells after Long-term Light Exposure.

Retinal degeneration accompanied by abnormal neovascularization from the choroid in the macular area is a critical disease to cure. Retinal cell apoptosis or inflammation in the macula can lead to neovascularization in that area. Some environmental factors such as long-term light exposure, particularly the blue end of the light spectrum, can damage the retina, causing such a disease.

The costs and benefits of symbiotic interactions: variable effects of rhizobia and arbuscular mycorrhizae on Vigna radiata accessions.

Background: The symbiosis among plants, rhizobia, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is one of the most well-known symbiotic relationships in nature. However, it is still unclear how bilateral/tripartite symbiosis works under resource-limited conditions and the diverse genetic backgrounds of the host.

Results: Using a full factorial design, we manipulated mungbean accessions/subspecies, rhizobia, and AMF to test their effects on each other.

Tomato NADPH oxidase SlWfi1 interacts with the effector protein RipBJ of Ralstonia solanacearum to mediate host defence.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a crucial role in regulating numerous functions in organisms. Among the key regulators of ROS production are NADPH oxidases, primarily referred to as respiratory burst oxidase homologues (RBOHs). However, our understanding of whether and how pathogens directly target RBOHs has been limited.

Distinct types of selection and genetic architecture shape molecular variation during the domestication of vegetable crops.

Humans select vegetable crops with desirable traits via a complex evolutionary process called domestication, generating a variety of cultivars worldwide. With advances in sequencing technologies, genomic scans for "signatures of selection" are widely used to identify target loci of selection. In the early phases of domestication, humans tended to favor similar sets of phenotypes in diverse crops, resulting in "domestication syndrome" and parallel evolution in multiple species.

A novel lectin receptor kinase gene, AtG-LecRK-I.2, enhances bacterial pathogen resistance through regulation of stomatal immunity in Arabidopsis.

The S-locus lectin receptor kinases (G-LecRKs) have been suggested as receptors for microbe/damage-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs/DAMPs) and to be involved in the pathogen defense responses, but the functions of most G-LecRKs in biotic stress response have not been characterized. Here, we identified a member of this family, G-LecRK-I.2, that positively regulates flg22- and Pseudomonas syringae pv.

Evaluation of the Antifungal Activities of and Its Secondary Metabolites against Phytopathogenic .

is a phytopathogenic fungus that causes devastating losses in strawberries without effective countermeasures. Members of the genus exhibit antimicrobial capability and have been found to have the potential for use as biocontrol agents against . species exhibit two phase variations with a differentiated composition of secondary metabolites designated to each phase.

Hydrostatic pressure facilitates calcium deposition and osteogenic gene expression in the osteoblastic differentiation of placenta-derived multipotent cells.

Objective: We tested the osteoblastic differentiation effects caused by physical stimulation such as hydrostatic pressure using placenta-derived multipotent cells.

Materials And Methods: The placenta-derived multipotent cells (PDMCs) were treated with osteogenic medium to induce PDMCs differentiation into osteoblast-like cells. The induced PDMCs were stimulated using hydrostatic pressure at a magnitude of 30 kPa for 1 h/day for up to 12 days.

Downregulated Calcium-Binding Protein S100A16 and HSP27 in Placenta-Derived Multipotent Cells Induce Functional Astrocyte Differentiation.

Little is known about genes that induce stem cells differentiation into astrocytes. We previously described that heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) downregulation is directly related to neural differentiation under chemical induction in placenta-derived multipotent stem cells (PDMCs). Using this neural differentiation cell model, we cross-compared transcriptomic and proteomic data and selected 26 candidate genes with the same expression trends in both omics analyses.

Promotion of the Differentiation of Dental Pulp Stem Cells into Oligodendrocytes by Knockdown of Heat Shock Protein 27.

Stem cell-based therapy has been evaluated in many different clinical trials for various diseases. This capability was applied in various neurodegenerative diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, which is characterized by demyelination, axonal injury, and neuronal loss. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are mesenchymal stem cells from the oral cavity that have been studied with potential application for the regeneration of different tissues.

Supplementation of Probiotic Mediates Anticancer Effect on Bladder Urothelial Cells by Regulating Butyrate-Responsive Molecular Signatures.

In bladder cancer, urothelial carcinoma is the most common histologic subtype, accounting for more than 90% of cases. Pathogenic effects due to the dysbiosis of gut microbiota are localized not only in the colon, but also in regulating bladder cancer distally. Butyrate, a short-chain fatty acid produced by gut microbial metabolism, is mainly studied in colon diseases.

In Vitro Differentiation of Human Placenta-Derived Multipotent Cells into Schwann-Like Cells.

Human placenta-derived multipotent stem cells (PDMCs) resembling embryonic stem cells can differentiate into three germ layer cells, including ectodermal lineage cells, such as neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. The favorable characteristics of noninvasive cell harvesting include fewer ethical, religious, and legal considerations as well as accessible and limitless supply. Thus, PDMCs are attractive for cell-based therapy.

CYP3A Excipient-Based Microemulsion Prolongs the Effect of Magnolol on Ischemia Stroke Rats.

Magnolol, which is a CYP3A substrate, is a well-known agent that can facilitate neuroprotection and reduce ischemic brain damage. However, a well-controlled release formulation is needed for the effective delivery of magnolol due to its poor water solubility. In this study, we have developed a formulation for a CYP3A-excipient microemulsion, which can be administrated intraperitoneally to increase the solubility and bioavailability of magnolol and increase its neuroprotective effect against ischemic brain injury.

Potential synergistic effects of sorafenib and CP-31398 for treating anaplastic thyroid cancer with p53 mutations.

Thyroid cancer is the most commonly diagnosed endocrine cancer. Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is the most aggressive type of thyroid cancer and has a poor prognosis. Loss of p53 function has been reported to lead to poorly differentiated thyroid tumors; therefore, mutant p53 protein can be considered a crucial therapeutic target in patients with ATC.

Analysis of genetic diversity of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae populations in Taiwan.

Rice bacterial blight caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) is a major rice disease. In Taiwan, the tropical indica type of Oryza sativa originally grown in this area is mix-cultivated with the temperate japonica type of O.

Dynamic expression of SMAD3 is critical in osteoblast differentiation of PDMCs.

Human pluripotent stem cells have the potential assist in the identification of genes involved in mammalian development. The human placenta is considered a repository of stem cells, termed placenta‑derived multipotent cells (PDMCs), which are able to differentiate into cells with an osteoblastic phenotype. This plasticity of PDMCs maybe applied clinically to the understanding of osteogenesis and osteoporosis.

Ganoderma microsporum immunomodulatory protein induces apoptosis and potentiates mitomycin C-induced apoptosis in urinary bladder urothelial carcinoma cells.

Current chemotherapy and immunotherapy treatments followed by transurethral resection for urinary bladder urothelial carcinoma (UC) usually suffer from poor prognosis and high recurrence rate. Design and modification of current formulation with the novel adjuvants are needed. A recombinant protein derived from Ganoderma microsporum named as Ganoderma microsporum immunomodulatory protein (GMIP) was used to treat UC cells.

Clinical significance of interleukin‑6 and inducible nitric oxide synthase in ketamine‑induced cystitis.

Ketamine is an ionotropic glutamatergic N‑methyl‑D‑aspartate receptor antagonist, which is widely used among recreational drug abusers. Ketamine abusers exhibit substantially reduced bladder capacity, which can lead to urinary frequency. The molecular pathogenesis of ketamine‑induced cystitis has been scarcely reported.

Suppression of HSP27 Restores Retinal Function and Protects Photoreceptors From Apoptosis in a Light-Induced Retinal Degeneration Animal Model.

Purpose: We used a light-induced retinal degeneration animal model to investigate possible roles of heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) in retinal/photoreceptor protection.

Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were used for the light-induced retinal degeneration animal model. The histology of eye sections was observed for morphologic changes in the retina.

Detection of lower levels of SNAP25 using multiple microarray systems and its functional significance in medulloblastoma.

Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common pediatric malignant brain tumor and patients with high-risk or recurrent MB respond poorly to current therapies, and have a higher related mortality. For this reason, potential molecules related to MB need be identified in order to develop targets for the development of novel therapeutics. In the present study, we compared MB microarray data obtained using different microarray systems and significant targets were selected by gene annotation and enrichment analysis.

Impact of microsatellite status on chemotherapy for colorectal cancer patients with or mutation.

and mutations are frequently detected in cases of colorectal cancer (CRC). The microsatellite status of patients with CRC and mutated / is important when determining cancer therapy. In the present study, the microsatellite status and genetic polymorphisms of (codons 12 and 13) and (V600E) were characterized in CRC tissue.

Discovery of genes from feces correlated with colorectal cancer progression.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is considered to develop slowly via a progressive accumulation of genetic mutations. Markers of CRC may serve to provide the basis for decision-making, and may assist in cancer prevention, detection and prognostic prediction. DNA and messenger (m)RNA molecules that are present in human feces faithfully represent CRC manifestations.