Enhanced brightness and photostability of dye-sensitized Nd-doped rare earth nanocomposite for in vivo NIR-IIb vascular and orthotopic tumor imaging.

Rare-earth doped nanoparticles (RENPs) have shown promise in biomedical imaging, particularly within the NIR-IIb region, due to their deep tissue penetration and minimal light scattering. However, challenges such as low extinction coefficients, narrow excitation spectra, and prone to quenching in aqueous environments limit their effectiveness. To overcome these obstacles, we developed a novel dye-sensitized, onion-like Nd-doped RENP nanocomposite to enhance NIR-IIb imaging performance.

Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicle (OMV)-Encapsulated TiO Nanoparticles: A Dual-Action Strategy for Enhanced Radiotherapy and Immunomodulation in Oral Cancer Treatment.

Oral squamous-cell carcinoma (OSCC) poses significant treatment challenges due to its high recurrence rates and the limitations of current therapies. Titanium dioxide (TiO) nanoparticles are promising radiosensitizers, while bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are known for their immunomodulatory properties. This study investigates the potential of OMV-encapsulated TiO nanoparticles (TiO@OMV) to combine these effects for improved OSCC treatment.

The fall of the mycobacterial cell wall: interrogating peptidoglycan synthesis for novel anti-TB agents.

Tuberculosis (TB) caused by has been a threat to human health for thousands of years and still leads to millions of deaths each year. TB is a disease that is refractory to treatment, partially due to its capacity for in-host persistence. The cell wall of mycobacteria, rich in mycolic acid, is broadly associated with bacterial persistence together with antimicrobial and immunological resistance.

Recognizing the degree of human attention using EEG signals from mobile sensors.

During the learning process, whether students remain attentive throughout instruction generally influences their learning efficacy. If teachers can instantly identify whether students are attentive they can be suitably reminded to remain focused, thereby improving their learning effects. Traditional teaching methods generally require that teachers observe students' expressions to determine whether they are attentively learning.

Improving driver alertness through music selection using a mobile EEG to detect brainwaves.

Driving safety has become a global topic of discussion with the recent development of the Smart Car concept. Many of the current car safety monitoring systems are based on image discrimination techniques, such as sensing the vehicle drifting from the main road, or changes in the driver's facial expressions. However, these techniques are either too simplistic or have a low success rate as image processing is easily affected by external factors, such as weather and illumination.