Genome-Wide Analysis of the FNSII Gene Family and the Role of CitFNSII-1 in Flavonoid Synthesis in Citrus.

Flavonoid synthases (FNSs) are key enzymes catalyzing the conversion of flavanones to flavonoids, yet their functions in citrus remain functionally uncharacterized. In this study, we identified three FNSII genes in the citrus genome. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that citrus FNSII genes share the closest evolutionary distance with apple FNSII genes.

The regulatory role of phytohormones in plant drought tolerance.

This paper highlights the role of various signaling hormones in drought stress tolerance. It explains how phytohormones act and interact under drought conditions. Drought stress significantly impairs plant growth, development and productivity.

Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of orphan genes in twelve (sub)species.

Unlabelled: Orphan genes (OGs), also known as lineage-specific genes, are species-specific genes that play a crucial role in species-specific adaptations to various stresses. Although OGs have been identified in several plant species, there is no information on OGs in banana genomes. This study aimed to systematically identify OGs in twelve banana (sub)species using comparative genomics.

Expressing banana transcription factor MaERFVII3 in confers enhanced waterlogging tolerance and root growth.

Background: Waterlogging poses a significant threat to plant growth and yield worldwide. Identifying the genes responsible for mitigating waterlogging stress is crucial. Ethylene-responsive factors (ERFs) are transcriptional regulators that respond to various biotic and abiotic stresses in plants.

Unearth of small open reading frames (sORFs) in drought stress transcriptome of Oryza sativa subsp. indica.

Drought is a major abiotic stress that influences rice production. Although the transcriptomic data of rice against drought is widely available, the regulation of small open reading frames (sORFs) in response to drought stress in rice is yet to be investigated. Different levels of drought stress have different regulatory mechanisms in plants.

Surveillance, isolation and genomic characterization of Pteropine orthoreovirus of probable bat origin among patients with acute respiratory infection in Malaysia.

Pteropine orthoreovirus (PRV), an emerging bat-borne virus, has been linked to cases of acute respiratory infections (ARI) in humans. The prevalence, epidemiology and genomic diversity of PRV among ARI of unknown origin were studied. Among 632 urban outpatients tested negative for all known respiratory viruses, 2.

In Silico Identification and Characterization of circRNAs During Host-Pathogen Interactions.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs that are formed via back-splicing. These circRNAs are predominantly studied for their roles as regulators of various biological processes. Notably, emerging evidence demonstrates that host circRNAs can be differentially expressed (DE) upon infection with pathogens (e.

Waterlogging Stress Induces Antioxidant Defense Responses, Aerenchyma Formation and Alters Metabolisms of Banana Plants.

Flooding caused or exacerbated by climate change has threatened plant growth and food production worldwide. The lack of knowledge on how crops respond and adapt to flooding stress imposes a major barrier to enhancing their productivity. Hence, understanding the flooding-responsive mechanisms of crops is indispensable for developing new flooding-tolerant varieties.

The Divergence of Chromosome Structures and 45S Ribosomal DNA Organization in Inferred by Comparative Molecular Cytogenetic Mapping.

W.J.de Wilde & Duyfjes is an annual and monoecious plant.

Genome Assembly and Analysis of the Flavonoid and Phenylpropanoid Biosynthetic Pathways in Fingerroot Ginger ().

(Zingiberaceae), is a high-value culinary and ethno-medicinal plant of Southeast Asia. The rhizomes of this herb have a high flavanone and chalcone content. Here we report the genome analysis of together with a complete genome sequence as a hybrid assembly.

Whole genome sequencing and phylogenomic analyses of a novel glufosinate-tolerant species.

Unlabelled: A novel glufosinate-tolerant sp. LA21, was isolated from soil samples of an oil palm plantation with a long history of glufosinate application. The genome of sp.

Small open reading frames in plant research: from prediction to functional characterization.

Gene prediction is a laborious and time-consuming task. The advancement of sequencing technologies and bioinformatics tools, coupled with accelerated rate of ribosome profiling and mass spectrometry development, have made identification of small open reading frames (sORFs) (< 100 codons) in various plant genomes possible. The past 50 years have seen sORFs being isolated from many organisms.

Epigenetic Distribution of Recombinant Plant Chromosome Fragments in a Human- Hybrid Cell Line.

Methylation systems have been conserved during the divergence of plants and animals, although they are regulated by different pathways and enzymes. However, studies on the interactions of the epigenomes among evolutionarily distant organisms are lacking. To address this, we studied the epigenetic modification and gene expression of plant chromosome fragments (~30 Mb) in a human- hybrid cell line.

Molecular organization of recombinant human-Arabidopsis chromosomes in hybrid cell lines.

Although plants and animals are evolutionarily distant, the structure and function of their chromosomes are largely conserved. This allowed the establishment of a human-Arabidopsis hybrid cell line in which a neo-chromosome was formed by insertion of segments of Arabidopsis chromosomes into human chromosome 15. We used this unique system to investigate how the introgressed part of a plant genome was maintained in human genetic background.

Isolation and functional characterization of 5-enolpyruvylshikimate 3-phosphate synthase gene from glyphosate-tolerant strains FY43 and FY47.

5-Enolpyruvylshikimate 3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) is the primary target for the broad-spectrum herbicide, glyphosate. Improvement of gene for high level of glyphosate tolerance is important to generate glyphosate-tolerant crops. In this study, we report the isolation and characterization of genes of glyphosate-tolerant strains FY43 and FY47.

Genetic and Global Epigenetic Modification, Which Determines the Phenotype of Transgenic Rice?

Transgenic technologies have been applied to a wide range of biological research. However, information on the potential epigenetic effects of transgenic technology is still lacking. Here, we show that the transgenic process can simultaneously induce both genetic and epigenetic changes in rice.

Centromeres of Cucumis melo L. comprise Cmcent and two novel repeats, CmSat162 and CmSat189.

Centromeres are prerequisite for accurate segregation and are landmarks of primary constrictions of metaphase chromosomes in eukaryotes. In melon, high-copy-number satellite DNAs (SatDNAs) were found at various chromosomal locations such as centromeric, pericentromeric, and subtelomeric regions. In the present study, utilizing the published draft genome sequence of melon, two new SatDNAs (CmSat162 and CmSat189) of melon were identified and their chromosomal distributions were confirmed using fluorescence in situ hybridization.

Evaluation of banana germplasm and genetic analysis of an F population for resistance to f. sp. race 1.

Fusarium wilt of bananas ( spp.), caused by f. sp.

Author Correction: De novo assembly of transcriptomes, mining, and development of novel EST-SSR markers in Curcuma alismatifolia (Zingiberaceae family) through Illumina sequencing.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

De novo assembly of transcriptomes, mining, and development of novel EST-SSR markers in Curcuma alismatifolia (Zingiberaceae family) through Illumina sequencing.

Curcuma alismatifolia widely used as an ornamental plant in Thailand and Cambodia. This species of herbaceous perennial from the Zingiberaceae family, includes cultivars with a wide range of colours and long postharvest life, and is used as an ornamental cut flower, as a potted plant, and in exterior landscapes. For further genetic improvement, however, little genomic information and no specific molecular markers are available.

Evaluation of disease resistance and tolerance to elevated temperature stress of the selected tissue-cultured Doty 1985 under optimized laboratory conditions.

Information on the abiotic stress tolerance and ice-ice disease resistance properties of tissue-cultured is scarce and can pose a big hurdle to a wider use of tissue-cultured seaweed in the industry. Here, we reported on a study of seaweed-associated bacteria diversity in farmed and tissue-cultured , and ice-ice disease resistance and elevated growth temperature tolerance of tissue-cultured in laboratory conditions. A total of 40 endophytic seaweed-associated bacteria strains were isolated from 4 types of samples based on their colony morphologies, Gram staining properties and 16S rRNA gene sequences.

An improved method for inducing prometaphase chromosomes in plants.

Background: Detailed karyotyping using metaphase chromosomes in melon ( L.) remains a challenge because of their small chromosome sizes and poor stainability. Prometaphase chromosomes, which are two times longer and loosely condensed, provide a significantly better resolution for fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) than metaphase chromosomes.

Analysis of phytohormones in vermicompost using a novel combinative sample preparation strategy of ultrasound-assisted extraction and solid-phase extraction coupled with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

Vermicompost (VC), a widely used premium organic fertilizer, is the by-product of symbiotic interactions between earthworms and microorganisms living within them. It has been postulated that phytohormones are plausible "magic compounds" in VC that are responsible for making them such good fertilizers. Thus, a novel approach involving ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and solid-phase extraction (SPE) was developed as a fast and efficient sample preparation method to screen for different classes of phytohormones in VC by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) analysis.

De novo generation of plant centromeres at tandem repeats.

Artificial minichromosomes are highly desirable tools for basic research, breeding, and biotechnology purposes. We present an option to generate plant artificial minichromosomes via de novo engineering of plant centromeres in Arabidopsis thaliana by targeting kinetochore proteins to tandem repeat arrays at non-centromeric positions. We employed the bacterial lactose repressor/lactose operator system to guide derivatives of the centromeric histone H3 variant cenH3 to LacO operator sequences.