Assembly and cooperative mechanism of the hexameric fungal plasma membrane H-ATPase.

The fungal plasma membrane H+-ATPase Pma1 hydrolyzes ATP to pump protons out of the cell to maintain the intracellular pH and membrane potential. Pma1 is unique among the P-type ATPases as it functions as a hexamer, although the underlying mechanism has been unclear. Here, we show that the Pma1 hexamer functions cooperatively, and the cooperativity is mediated by the domain-swapped N-terminal extension (NTE).

Fungal Plasma Membrane H-ATPase: Structure, Mechanism, and Drug Discovery.

The fungal plasma membrane H-ATPase (Pma1) pumps protons out of the cell to maintain the transmembrane electrochemical gradient and membrane potential. As an essential P-type ATPase uniquely found in fungi and plants, Pma1 is an attractive antifungal drug target. Two recent Cryo-EM studies on Pma1 have revealed its hexameric architecture, autoinhibitory and activation mechanisms, and proton transport mechanism.

Structure of a fungal 1,3-β-glucan synthase.

1,3-β-Glucan serves as the primary component of the fungal cell wall and is produced by 1,3-β-glucan synthase located in the plasma membrane. This synthase is a molecular target for antifungal drugs such as echinocandins and the triterpenoid ibrexafungerp. In this study, we present the cryo-electron microscopy structure of 1,3-β-glucan synthase (Fks1) at 2.

[Adsorption of As(Ⅲ) in Water by Iron-loaded Graphene Oxide-Chitosan].

Based on the principle of self-assembly, graphene oxide, chitosan, and FeCl·6HO were mixed to prepare graphene oxide-chitosan coated iron-composite particles (Fe@ GOCS). Batch static experiments were carried out to investigate the kinetic and thermodynamic characteristics of As(Ⅲ) adsorption, and to identify the adsorption mechanism. Results showed that the iron on the GOCS was mainly in the form of -FeO(OH).

[Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Monothioarsenate Adsorption on Goethite].

The adsorption kinetic of monothioarsenate (MTA) on goethite was characterized in this study, and batch experiments were then designed to further explore the effects of arsenate, arsenite, humic acid (HA), nitrate, and phosphate on the adsorption of MTA on goethite, and to identify the adsorption mechanism. The results showed that:① When a single arsenic species was present in a solution, the adsorption equilibrium times of MTA, arsenate, and arsenite on goethite were 8, 2, and 4 h, respectively. The adsorption experimental data of these three arsenic species were well fitted to a pseudo-second-order kinetic model.

[Characteristics and Mechanism of Monothioarsenate Adsorption on Sand, Sediment, and Goethite].

Batch experiments were conducted to investigate the adsorption characteristics and mechanism of monothioarsenate (MTA) (>99%) on sand, soil sediment, and goethite under different pH and solid-liquid ratio conditions. Results showed the following. ① When MTA ranged from 0.

Luteimonas soli sp. nov., isolated from farmland soil.

A yellow-pigmented bacterial strain, designated Y2T, was isolated from farmland soil in Bengbu, Anhui province, China. Cells of strain Y2T were Gram-stain-negative, strictly aerobic, non-motile and rod-shaped. Strain Y2T grew optimally at pH 7.