Long-Term Outcome and Prognosis of Idiopathic Optic Neuritis: A Cohort Study.

Introduction: Patients diagnosed with optic neuritis (ON) who did not fulfil the diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMO-SD), tested negative myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein immunoglobulin G and for which a systemic disease has been excluded are classified as having idiopathic ON (IDON).

Methods: This was a monocentric retrospective observational study. Inclusion criteria were as follows: patients with IDON, absence of an alternative diagnosis during the first 2 years, follow-up of at least 5 years.

Effectiveness and safety of cataract surgery in laminar air flow device versus traditional scrubs: A 1-year non-inferiority pilot study.

Purpose: The study aimed to assess the safety and the non-inferiority of cataract surgery outside an operating room using the Surgicube, a mobile laminar airflow (LAF) device.

Settings: This single-center study was conducted at the Rothschild Foundation, Paris, France.

Design: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study.

Visual Outcomes Following Plasma Exchange for Optic Neuritis: An International Multicenter Retrospective Analysis of 395 Optic Neuritis Attacks.

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of plasma exchange (PLEX) for optic neuritis (ON).

Methods: We conducted an international multicenter retrospective study evaluating the outcomes of ON following PLEX. Outcomes were compared to raw data from the Optic Neuritis Treatment Trial (ONTT) using a matched subset.

Are PHOMS a clinical sign of optic neuritis?

Purpose: Assess the prevalence and evolution of PHOMS in optic neuritis.

Methods: We analysed the medical files of 126 patients included in the OCTON cohort. Patients' medical files, digital retinal images and OCT examinations were reviewed, searching for optic nerve head oedema and PHOMS at the initial presentation and during the follow-up.

Treatment of nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy with an endothelin antagonist: ENDOTHELION (ENDOTHELin antagonist receptor in Ischemic Optic Neuropathy)-a multicentre randomised controlled trial protocol.

Background: Nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAAION) is a major cause of blindness in individuals over 50 years of age, with no available effective treatment. The oral dual endothelin receptor antagonist, bosentan, increases retinal optic nerve head blood flow in healthy humans and glaucoma patients. The objective of this trial is to assess the efficacy of bosentan administered at the acute stage in improving outcomes in NAAION patients.

Non-vasogenic cystoid maculopathies.

Besides cystoid macular edema due to a blood-retinal barrier breakdown, another type of macular cystoid spaces referred to as non-vasogenic cystoid maculopathies (NVCM) may be detected on optical coherence tomography but not on fluorescein angiography. Various causes may disrupt retinal cell cohesion or impair retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and Müller cell functions in the maintenance of retinal dehydration, resulting in cystoid spaces formation. Tractional causes include vitreomacular traction, epiretinal membranes and myopic foveoschisis.

Prospective longitudinal study on prognostic factors of visual recovery and structural change after a first episode of optic neuritis.

Background And Purpose: This study was undertaken to determine the role of optical coherence tomography (OCT) in predicting the final visual and structural outcome, and to evaluate the correlation between functional eye outcome and retinal changes, in patients with a first episode of optic neuritis (ON).

Methods: In this prospective study, consecutive adult patients with acute ON underwent ophthalmological evaluation at baseline and at 1 and 12 months, including OCT measurements of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL), macular ganglion cell and inner plexiform layer, and inner nuclear layer thicknesses; high- and low-contrast visual acuity; visual field assessment; and baseline brain magnetic resonance imaging. Univariate and multivariate linear regressions were used to assess predictive factors of outcome.

Use of Retinal Angiography and MRI in the Diagnosis of Giant Cell Arteritis With Early Ophthalmic Manifestations.

Background: Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a vasculitis often revealed by visual signs. Diagnosis is challenging and urgent. Retinal angiography (RA) and MRI allow effective diagnosis.

Early diffusion-weighted MRI at 3 Tesla detects ischemic changes of the optic nerve in anterior ischemic optic neuropathy.

Objectives: To assess the impact of timing from visual symptoms' onset to diffusion-weighted (DW) 3 T MRI completion to detect ischemic changes of the optic disc and optic nerve in AION patients.

Methods: This IRB-approved retrospective single-center study included 3 T MRI data from 126 patients with AION and 111 controls with optic neuritis treated between January 2015 and May 2020. Two radiologists blinded to all data individually analyzed imaging.

Validation of a multimodal algorithm for diagnosing giant cell arteritis with imaging.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify which combination of imaging modalities should be used to obtain the best diagnostic performance for the non-invasive diagnosis of giant cell arteritis (GCA).

Materials And Methods: This IRB-approved prospective single-center study enrolled participants presenting with a suspected diagnosis of GCA from December 2014 to October 2017. Participants underwent high-resolution 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), temporal and extra-cranial arteries ultrasound and retinal angiography (RA), prior to temporal artery biopsy (TAB).

Vascular origin in acute transient visual disturbance: A prospective study.

Background And Purpose: This study was undertaken to validate a clinical score of vascular origin in patients with acute transient visual disturbances (TVDs) without diplopia.

Methods: We conducted a prospective study in an ophthalmology emergency department and a transient ischemic attack (TIA) clinic. Patients underwent clinical evaluation including a tailored questionnaire, brain, vascular, and ophthalmologic investigations, and 3-month follow-up.

Pediatric Eye Injuries by Hydroalcoholic Gel in the Context of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic.

Importance: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has made alcohol-based hand sanitizers (ABHS) widely available in public places. This may warrant determining whether cases of unintentional ocular exposure are increasing, especially in children.

Objective: To describe the epidemiologic trend of pediatric eye exposures to ABHS and to report the severity of the ocular lesions.

High-resolution MRI demonstrates signal abnormalities of the 3rd cranial nerve in giant cell arteritis patients with 3rd cranial nerve impairment.

Objective: To determine the sensitivity and specificity of high-resolution (HR) MRI for detecting signal abnormalities of cranial nerves (CN) in giant cell arteritis (GCA) patients presenting with diplopia.

Methods: This IRB-approved retrospective single-center study included GCA patients who underwent 3-T HR MRI from December 2014 to January 2020. Two radiologists, blinded to all data, individually assessed for the presence of enhancement of the 3rd, 4th, and/or 6th CN on post-contrast HR imaging and high signal intensity on HR T2-WI, for signal abnormalities of extraocular muscles and the brainstem, and for inflammatory changes of the ophthalmic and extracranial arteries.

Visual field loss and structure-function relationships in optic neuritis associated with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody.

Background: A paradoxical discrepancy between severe peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) atrophy and good visual outcome had been reported in patients with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-immunoglobulin G (MOG-IgG)-associated optic neuritis (ON). However, only visual acuity (VA) was assessed.

Objectives: To study visual field (VF) outcomes of patients with MOG-IgG-associated ON and evaluate the correlation between functional eye outcome and retinal structural changes assessed by optical coherence tomography.

Increased diagnostic accuracy of giant cell arteritis using three-dimensional fat-saturated contrast-enhanced vessel-wall magnetic resonance imaging at 3 T.

Objectives: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of 3D versus 2D contrast-enhanced vessel-wall (CE-VW) MRI of extracranial and intracranial arteries in the diagnosis of GCA.

Methods: This prospective two-center study was approved by a national research ethics board and enrolled participants from December 2014 to October 2017. A protocol including both a 2D and a 3D CE-VW MRI at 3 T was performed in all patients.

MRI features of demyelinating disease associated with anti-MOG antibodies in adults.

The spectrum of Myelin Oligodendrocytes Glycoprotein (MOG) antibody disease constitutes a recently described challenging entity, referring to a relatively new spectrum of autoimmune disorders with antibodies against MOG predominantly involving the optic nerve and spinal cord. The purpose of this article is to describe MRI features of MOG-AD involvement in the optic nerves, spinal cord and the brain of adults.

A new association: acute macular neuroretinopathy in acute optic neuritis.

Background: Acute optic neuritis (AON) is a common optic nerve disease leading to retrograde degeneration of optic nerve axons, reflected by thinning of the inner retinal layers on optical coherence tomography. On the contrary, acute macular neuroretinopathy (AMN) type 2 is a rare outer retinal disorder that leads to thinning of the outer nuclear layers and is diagnosed by multimodal imaging. The aim of this study was to report a new association between these two diseases.